{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]],"date-time":"2025-12-30T23:25:56Z","timestamp":1767137156772,"version":"build-2238731810"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer International Publishing","isbn-type":[{"value":"9783030869724","type":"print"},{"value":"9783030869731","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The demand for automated, reliable and understandable housing price valuation mechanisms is increasing. Most efforts have been made to improve model accuracy and prediction power through the well-established standard econometric models based on regression techniques. However, the modelling of the spatial attributes of housing through mass appraisal tools has been given less attention. Incorporating spatial modelling approaches through econometrics frameworks opens new opportunities for improving automated valuation tools.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>This work presents an exploratory analysis of different approaches to incorporating spatial data into AVM tools, taking advantage of the potential of spatial (big) data, stored on different sources \u2013 census data, open street maps and public administration data.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Improvement of the standard housing price models embedded in a Portuguese housing appraisal decision system (held by PrimeYield SA) will be presented. Different strategies to incorporate spatial data from public sources are analysed, taking the Sintra municipality and PrimeYield data on this territory as a case study. The focus is the mitigation of the well-known pitfalls of spatial models, such as spatial heterogeneity and spatial dependence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>The results show the potential added-value of collecting and (pre)processing a different set of territorial variables \u2013 socioeconomic, accessibility, and land use \u2013 to improve the explanation power, parsimony and understanding of housing price models. Geographic weight regression models can be a balanced compromise to achieve those objectives which will be investigated.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-86973-1_26","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,10]],"date-time":"2021-09-10T08:03:14Z","timestamp":1631260994000},"page":"366-381","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Automated Housing Price Valuation and Spatial Data"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5544-298X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo","family":"Batista","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0472-2767","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o Louren\u00e7o","family":"Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"26_CR1","unstructured":"Bourne, L.S.: The Geography of Housing. Edward Arnold, London (1981)"},{"issue":"3","key":"26_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.2307\/143400","volume":"66","author":"A Can","year":"1990","unstructured":"Can, A.: The measurement of neighborhood dynamics in urban house prices. Econ. Geogr. 66(3), 254\u2013272 (1990). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/143400","journal-title":"Econ. Geogr."},{"issue":"12","key":"26_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2111","DOI":"10.1080\/00420980120087072","volume":"38","author":"G Galster","year":"2001","unstructured":"Galster, G.: On the nature of neighbourhood. Urban Stud. 38(12), 2111\u20132124 (2001). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00420980120087072","journal-title":"Urban Stud."},{"key":"26_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.2307\/142835","volume":"54","author":"R Palm","year":"1978","unstructured":"Palm, R.: Spatial segmentation of the urban housing market. J. Econ. Geogr. 54, 210\u2013221 (1978)","journal-title":"J. Econ. Geogr."},{"issue":"4","key":"26_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1108\/14635780310483656","volume":"21","author":"E Pagourtzi","year":"2003","unstructured":"Pagourtzi, E., Assimakopoulos, V., Hatzichristos, T., French, N.: Real estate appraisal: a review of valuation methods. J. Property Investment Financ. 21(4), 383\u2013401 (2003). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/14635780310483656","journal-title":"J. Property Investment Financ."},{"key":"26_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-49746-4_2","volume-title":"Advances in Automated Valuation Modeling","author":"M d\u2019Amato","year":"2017","unstructured":"d\u2019Amato, M., Kauko, T.: Appraisal methods and the non-agency mortgage crisis. In: d\u2019Amato, M., Kauko, T. (eds.) Advances in Automated Valuation Modeling, pp. 23\u201332. Springer, Cham (2017). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-49746-4_2"},{"issue":"24","key":"26_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7006","DOI":"10.3390\/su11247006","volume":"11","author":"D Wang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang, D., Li, V.J.: Mass appraisal models of real estate in the 21st century: a systematic literature review. Sustainability 11(24), 7006 (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/su11247006","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"26_CR8","unstructured":"Marques, J.: The Notion of Space in Urban Housing Markets. Universidade de Aveiro (2012)"},{"key":"26_CR9","unstructured":"Batista, P.: The interaction structure of e-territorial systems: territory, housing market and spatial econometrics\/A estrutura de intera\u00e7\u00e3o de um sistema e-territorial. Territ\u00f3rio, mercado de habita\u00e7\u00e3o e econometria espacial. Universidade de Aveiro (2019)"},{"key":"26_CR10","unstructured":"Marques, J.L., Batista, P., Castro, E.A.: Espa\u00e7o e territ\u00f3rio no contexto do desenvolvimento regional. In: Marques, J.L., Carballo-Cruz, F. (eds.) 30 anos de ci\u00eancia regional em perspetiva, Almedina, Coimbra, Portugal, pp. 11\u201346 (2021)"},{"key":"26_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marques, J.L., Batista, P., Castro, E.A., Bhattacharjee, A.: Housing consumption. In: Chkoniya, V., Madsen, A.O., Bukhrashvili, P. (eds.) Anthropological Approaches to Understanding Consumption Patterns and Consumer Behavior, pp. 265\u2013285. IGI Global (2020)","DOI":"10.4018\/978-1-7998-3115-0.ch015"},{"issue":"1\/2","key":"26_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.2307\/2332162","volume":"37","author":"PAP Moran","year":"1950","unstructured":"Moran, P.A.P.: A test for the serial independence of residuals. Biometrika 37(1\/2), 178\u2013181 (1950). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/2332162","journal-title":"Biometrika"},{"issue":"2","key":"26_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-4632.1995.tb00338.x","volume":"27","author":"L Anselin","year":"2010","unstructured":"Anselin, L.: Local indicators of spatial association-LISA. Geogr. Anal. 27(2), 93\u2013115 (2010). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1538-4632.1995.tb00338.x","journal-title":"Geogr. Anal."},{"issue":"1","key":"26_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1086\/260169","volume":"82","author":"S Rosen","year":"1974","unstructured":"Rosen, S.: Hedonic prices and implicit markets: product differentiation in pure competition. J. Polit. Econ. 82(1), 35\u201355 (1974)","journal-title":"J. Polit. Econ."},{"key":"26_CR15","first-page":"67","volume-title":"Housing Economics and Public Policy: Essays in Honour of Duncan Maclennan","author":"S Malpezzi","year":"2003","unstructured":"Malpezzi, S.: Hedonic pricing models: a selective and applied review. In: Gibb, K., O\u2019Sullivan, A. (eds.) Housing Economics and Public Policy: Essays in Honour of Duncan Maclennan, pp. 67\u201389. Blackwell Science, Oxford (UK) (2003)"},{"issue":"2","key":"26_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1086\/466822","volume":"18","author":"WJ Stull","year":"1975","unstructured":"Stull, W.J.: Community environment, zoning, and the market value of single-family homes. J. Law Econ. 18(2), 535\u2013557 (1975)","journal-title":"J. Law Econ."},{"key":"26_CR17","first-page":"106","volume":"152","author":"JHP Paelinck","year":"2013","unstructured":"Paelinck, J.H.P.: Spatial econometrics: a personal overview. Stud. Ekon. 152, 106\u2013118 (2013)","journal-title":"Stud. Ekon."},{"issue":"2","key":"26_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1023\/B:REAL.0000035307.99686.fb","volume":"29","author":"RK Pace","year":"2004","unstructured":"Pace, R.K., LeSage, J.: Spatial econometrics and real estate. J. Real Estate Financ. Econ. 29(2), 147\u2013148 (2004)","journal-title":"J. Real Estate Financ. Econ."},{"issue":"2","key":"26_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9787.2011.00726.x","volume":"52","author":"L Corrado","year":"2012","unstructured":"Corrado, L., Fingleton, B.: Where is the economics in spatial econometrics. J. Reg. Sci. 52(2), 210\u2013239 (2012)","journal-title":"J. Reg. Sci."},{"key":"26_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Elhorst, J.P.: Spatial Econometrics: From Cross-Sectional Data to Spatial Panels. Springer, Heidelberg (2014). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-642-40340-8","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-40340-8"},{"issue":"11","key":"26_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2651","DOI":"10.1068\/a41236","volume":"41","author":"SM Landry","year":"2009","unstructured":"Landry, S.M., Chakraborty, J.: Street trees and equity: evaluating the spatial distribution of an urban amenity. Environ. Plan. A Econ. Sp. 41(11), 2651\u20132670 (2009). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1068\/a41236","journal-title":"Environ. Plan. A Econ. Sp."},{"issue":"2","key":"26_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-4632.2004.tb01127.x","volume":"36","author":"A Getis","year":"2004","unstructured":"Getis, A., Aldstadt, J.: Constructing the spatial weights matrix using a local statistic. Geogr. Anal. 36(2), 90\u2013104 (2004). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1538-4632.2004.tb01127.x","journal-title":"Geogr. Anal."},{"issue":"4","key":"26_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1111\/gean.12237","volume":"52","author":"L Anselin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Anselin, L., Li, X.: Tobler\u2019s law in a multivariate world. Geogr. Anal. 52(4), 494\u2013510 (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/gean.12237","journal-title":"Geogr. Anal."},{"issue":"4","key":"26_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-4632.1996.tb00936.x","volume":"28","author":"C Brunsdon","year":"2010","unstructured":"Brunsdon, C., Fotheringham, A.S., Charlton, M.E.: Geographically weighted regression: a method for exploring spatial nonstationarity. Geogr. Anal. 28(4), 281\u2013298 (2010). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1538-4632.1996.tb00936.x","journal-title":"Geogr. Anal."},{"issue":"403","key":"26_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1988.10478639","volume":"83","author":"WS Cleveland","year":"1988","unstructured":"Cleveland, W.S., Devlin, S.J.: Locally weighted regression: an approach to regression analysis by local fitting. J. Am. Stat. Assoc. 83(403), 596\u2013610 (1988). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/01621459.1988.10478639","journal-title":"J. Am. Stat. Assoc."},{"issue":"4","key":"26_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1111\/gean.12071","volume":"47","author":"AS Fotheringham","year":"2015","unstructured":"Fotheringham, A.S., Crespo, R., Yao, J.: Geographical and temporal weighted regression (GTWR). Geogr. Anal. 47(4), 431\u2013452 (2015). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/gean.12071","journal-title":"Geogr. Anal."},{"key":"26_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1006\/jhec.1999.0246","volume":"8","author":"S Bourassa","year":"1999","unstructured":"Bourassa, S., Hamelink, F., Hoesli, M.: Defining housing markets. J. Hous. Econ. 8, 160\u2013183 (1999)","journal-title":"J. Hous. Econ."},{"key":"26_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Meen, G.: Modelling Spatial Housing Markets: Theory, Analysis, and Policy, vol. 2. Springer, Boston (2001). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-4615-1673-6","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-1673-6"},{"key":"26_CR29","unstructured":"RICS Valuation \u2013 Global Standards (2019)"},{"key":"26_CR30","unstructured":"European Valuation Standards 2020 (2020)"},{"key":"26_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sheppard, S.: Hedonic analysis of housing markets. In: Cheshire, P.C., Mills, E.S. (eds.) Handbook of Regional and Urban Economics, vol. 3, pp. 1595\u20131635. Elsevier, Amesterdam, The Netherlands (1999)","DOI":"10.1016\/S1574-0080(99)80010-8"},{"key":"26_CR32","volume-title":"Introductory Econometrics: A Modern Approach","author":"J Wooldridge","year":"2008","unstructured":"Wooldridge, J.: Introductory Econometrics: A Modern Approach, 4th edn. Cengage Learning, Mason, USA (2008)","edition":"4"},{"key":"26_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gollini, I., Lu, B., Charlton, M., Brunsdon, C., Harris, P.: GWmodel: an R package for exploring spatial heterogeneity using geographically weighted models. J. Stat. Softw. 63(17), 1\u201350 (2013). http:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1306.0413. Accessed 28 Mar 2021","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v063.i17"},{"key":"26_CR34","unstructured":"Standard on Automated Valuation Models (AVMs) (2018)"},{"issue":"1","key":"26_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1068\/a160017","volume":"16","author":"S Openshaw","year":"1984","unstructured":"Openshaw, S.: Ecological fallacies and the analysis of areal census data. Environ. Plan. A 16(1), 17\u201331 (1984). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1068\/a160017","journal-title":"Environ. Plan. A"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-86973-1_51","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,23]],"date-time":"2022-01-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642896000000}}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes in Computer Science","Computational Science and Its Applications \u2013 ICCSA 2021"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-030-86973-1_26","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,22]],"date-time":"2022-01-22T03:07:35Z","timestamp":1642820855000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-030-86973-1_26"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"ISBN":["9783030869724","9783030869731"],"references-count":35,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-86973-1_26","relation":{},"ISSN":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0302-9743","type":"print"},{"value":"1611-3349","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 September 2021","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"23 January 2022","order":2,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"Correction","order":3,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"Chapter \u201cAutomated Housing Price Valuation and Spatial Data\u201d was previously published non-open access. It has now been changed to open access under a CC BY 4.0 license and the copyright holder updated to \u2018The Author(s)\u2019.","order":4,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"Chapter \u201cSolving Differential Equations Using Feedforward Neural Networks\u201d was previously published open access. It now has been changed to non-open access and the copyright holder updated to \u201cSpringer Nature Switzerland AG\u201d.","order":5,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"ICCSA","order":1,"name":"conference_acronym","label":"Conference Acronym","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"International Conference on Computational Science and Its Applications","order":2,"name":"conference_name","label":"Conference Name","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Cagliari","order":3,"name":"conference_city","label":"Conference City","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Italy","order":4,"name":"conference_country","label":"Conference Country","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2021","order":5,"name":"conference_year","label":"Conference Year","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"13 September 2021","order":7,"name":"conference_start_date","label":"Conference Start Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"16 September 2021","order":8,"name":"conference_end_date","label":"Conference End Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"21","order":9,"name":"conference_number","label":"Conference Number","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"iccsa2021","order":10,"name":"conference_id","label":"Conference ID","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"https:\/\/iccsa.org\/","order":11,"name":"conference_url","label":"Conference URL","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Single-blind","order":1,"name":"type","label":"Type","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"Customed version of CyberChair 4","order":2,"name":"conference_management_system","label":"Conference Management System","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"1588","order":3,"name":"number_of_submissions_sent_for_review","label":"Number of Submissions Sent for Review","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"466","order":4,"name":"number_of_full_papers_accepted","label":"Number of Full Papers Accepted","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"18","order":5,"name":"number_of_short_papers_accepted","label":"Number of Short Papers Accepted","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"29% - The value is computed by the equation \"Number of Full Papers Accepted \/ Number of Submissions Sent for Review * 100\" and then rounded to a whole number.","order":6,"name":"acceptance_rate_of_full_papers","label":"Acceptance Rate of Full Papers","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"2,5","order":7,"name":"average_number_of_reviews_per_paper","label":"Average Number of Reviews per Paper","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"8","order":8,"name":"average_number_of_papers_per_reviewer","label":"Average Number of Papers per Reviewer","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"Yes","order":9,"name":"external_reviewers_involved","label":"External Reviewers Involved","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}}]}}