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The earlier ST references found regard ST destinations and emerge from the development of Smart Cities.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>Our initial literature review on the ST concept and Smart Tourism Tools (STT) revealed significant research uncertainties: ST is poorly defined and frequently linked to the concept of Smart Cities; different authors have different, sometimes contradictory, views on the goals of ST; STT claims are often only based on technological aspects, and their \u201csmartness\u201d is difficult to evaluate; often the term \u201cSmart\u201d describes developments fueled by cutting-edge technologies, which lose that status after a few years.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>This chapter is part of the ongoing initiative to build an online observatory that provides a comprehensive view of STTs\u2019 offerings in Europe, known as the <jats:bold>European STT Observatory<\/jats:bold>. To achieve this, the observatory requires methodologies and tools to evaluate \u201csmartness\u201d based on a sound definition of ST and STT while also being able to adapt to technological advancements. In this chapter, we present the results of a participatory approach where we invited ST experts from around the world to help us achieve this level of soundness. 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