{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T17:07:09Z","timestamp":1760548029779},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1-2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1995,6,1]],"date-time":"1995-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":801964800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Genetica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/bf01441153","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,12]],"date-time":"2005-04-12T14:43:35Z","timestamp":1113317015000},"page":"69-87","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Population genetics of short tandem repeat (STR) loci"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"96","author":[{"given":"Peter","family":"Gill","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ian","family":"Evett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/0379-0738(94)90222-4","volume":"64","author":"D.J. Balding","year":"1994","unstructured":"Balding, D.J. & R.A. Nichols, 1994. DNA profile match probability calculation: how to allow for population stratification, relatedness, database selection and single bands. Forens. Sci. Int. 64: 124?140.","journal-title":"Forens. Sci. Int."},{"key":"CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1038\/hdy.1992.101","volume":"69","author":"J. Brookfield","year":"1991","unstructured":"Brookfield, J., 1991. The effect of population subdivision on estimates of the likelihood ratio in criminal cases using single-locus DNA probes. Heredity 69: 97?100.","journal-title":"Heredity"},{"key":"CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/96.2.523","volume":"96","author":"A.H.D. Brown","year":"1980","unstructured":"Brown, A.H.D., M.W. Feldman & E. Nevo, 1980. Multilocus structure of natural populations ofHordeum sponataneum. Genetics 96: 523?536.","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1159\/000472383","volume":"1","author":"L.L. Cavalli-Sforza","year":"1993","unstructured":"Cavalli-Sforza, L.L. & A. Piazza, 1993. Human Genomic Diversity in Europe: A summary of recent research & prospects for the future: Eur. J. Hum. Gen. 1: 3?18.","journal-title":"Eur. J. Hum. Gen."},{"key":"CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/98.2.461","volume":"98","author":"R. Chakraborty","year":"1981","unstructured":"Chakraborty, R., 1981. The distribution of the number of heterozygous loci in an individual in natural populations. Genetics 98: 461?466.","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/108.3.719","volume":"108","author":"R. Chakraborty","year":"1984","unstructured":"Chakraborty, R., 1984. Detection of nonrandom association of alleles from the distribution of the number of heterozygous loci in a sample. Genetics 108: 719?731.","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1002\/ajhb.1310040315","volume":"4","author":"R. Chakraborty","year":"1992","unstructured":"Chakraborty, R., R. Deka, L. Jin & R.E. Ferrell, 1992. Allele sharing at six VNTR loci and Genetic Distances among three ethnically defined human populations. Am. J. of Hum. Biology 4: 387?397.","journal-title":"Am. J. of Hum. Biology"},{"key":"CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/0888-7543(91)90104-M","volume":"11","author":"R. Deka","year":"1991","unstructured":"Deka, R., R. Chakraborty & R.E. Ferrell, 1991. A population genetic study of six VNTR loci in three ethnically defined populations. Genomics 11: 83?92.","journal-title":"Genomics"},{"key":"CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"DNA recommendations. 1992 report concernng recommendations of the DNA Commission of the International Society for Forensic Haemogenetics relating to the use of PCR based polymorphisms. Int. J. Leg. Med. 105: 63?64.","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01371243"},{"key":"CR10","first-page":"746","volume":"49","author":"A. Edwards","year":"1991","unstructured":"Edwards, A., A. Civitello, H.A. Hammond & C.T. Caskey, 1991. DNA typing and genetic mapping with trimeric and tetrameric tandem repeats. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 49: 746?756.","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1016\/0888-7543(92)90371-X","volume":"12","author":"A. Edwards","year":"1992","unstructured":"Edwards, A., H.A. Hammond, L. Jin, C.T. Caskey & R. Chakraborty, 1992. Genetic variation at five trimeric and tetrameric tandem repeat loci in four human population groups. Genomics 12: 627?631.","journal-title":"Genomics"},{"key":"CR12","first-page":"498","volume":"52","author":"I.W. Evett","year":"1993","unstructured":"Evett, I.W., J. Scranage, & R. Pinchin, 1993. An illustration of the advantages of efficient statistical methods for RFLP analysis in forensic science. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 52: 498?505.","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"CR13","first-page":"100","volume":"15","author":"C.J. Fregeau","year":"1993","unstructured":"Fregeau, C.J. & R.M. Fourney, 1993: DNA typing with fluorescently tagged short tandem repeats: a sensitive and accurate approach to human identification. Biotechniques 15: 100?119.","journal-title":"Biotechniques"},{"key":"CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1038\/ng0294-130","volume":"6","author":"P. Gill","year":"1994","unstructured":"Gill, P., P.L. Ivanov, C. Kimpton, R. Piercy, N. Benson, G. Tully, I Evett, E. Hagelberg & K. Sullivan, 1994. Identification of the remains of the Romanov family by DNA analysis. Nature Genetics 6: 130?135.","journal-title":"Nature Genetics"},{"key":"CR15","first-page":"22","volume":"63","author":"J. Haskey","year":"1991","unstructured":"Haskey, J., 1991: The ethnic minority populations resident in private households ? estimates by county and metropolitan district of England and Wales. Population Trends 63, HMSO: 22?35.","journal-title":"Population Trends"},{"key":"CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-7368(72)70695-7","volume":"12","author":"D.A. Jones","year":"1972","unstructured":"Jones, D.A., 1972. Blood samples: Probability of discrimination. J. Forens. Sci. Soc. 12: 355?359.","journal-title":"J. Forens. Sci. Soc."},{"key":"CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1038\/332278a0","volume":"332","author":"A.J. Jeffreys","year":"1988","unstructured":"Jeffreys, A.J., N.J. Rouyle, V. Wilson & Z. Wong, 1988. Spontaneous mutation rates to new length alleles at tandem-repetitive hypervariable loci in human DNA. Nature 332: 278?281.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/1.4.287","volume":"1","author":"C.P. Kimpton","year":"1992","unstructured":"Kimpton, C.P., A. Walton & P. Gill, 1992. A further tetranucleotide repeat polymorphism in the vWF gene. Hum. Mol. Genet. 1: 287.","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.3.1.13","volume":"3","author":"C.P. Kimpton","year":"1993","unstructured":"Kimpton, C.P., P. Gill, A. Walton, A. Urquhart, E.S. Millican & M. Adams, 1993. Automated DNA profiling employing ?multiplex? amplification of short tandem repeat loci. PCR Methods and Applications 3: 13?22.","journal-title":"PCR Methods and Applications"},{"key":"CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kimpton, C.P., D. Fisher, S. Watson, M. Adams, A. Urquhart, J.E. Lygo & P. Gill, 1994. Evaluation of an automated DNA profiling system employing multiplex amplification of four tetrameric STR loci. Int. J. Leg. Med. (in press).","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01224776"},{"key":"CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lygo, J.E., P.E. Johnson, D.J. Holdaway, S. Woodroffe, J.P. Whitaker, T.M. Clayton, C.P. Kimpton & P. Gill, 1994. The validation of short tandem repeat (STR) loci for the use in forensic casework. Int. J. Leg. Med. (in press).","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01225493"},{"key":"CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2556","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.7.2556","volume":"89","author":"M.E. Morton","year":"1992","unstructured":"Morton, M.E., 1992. Genetic structure of forensic populations. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89: 2556?2560.","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1892","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.90.5.1892","volume":"90","author":"N.E. Morton","year":"1993","unstructured":"Morton, N.E., A. Collins & I. Balazs, 1993. Kinship bioassay on hypervariable loci in Blacks and Caucasians. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90: 1892?1899.","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1038\/hdy.1991.37","volume":"66","author":"R.A. Nichols","year":"1991","unstructured":"Nichols, R.A. & D.J. Balding, 1991. Effects of population structure on DNA fingerprint analysis in forensic science. Heredity 66: 297?302.","journal-title":"Heredity"},{"key":"CR25","first-page":"3753","volume":"19","author":"M.H. Polymeropoulos","year":"1991","unstructured":"Polymeropoulos, M.H., D.S. Rath, H. Xiao & C.R. Merril, 1991a. Tetranucleotide repeat polymorphism at the human tyrosine hydrolase gene (TH). Nucleic Acids Res. 19: 3753.","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"CR26","first-page":"4018","volume":"19","author":"M.H. Polymeropoulos","year":"1991","unstructured":"Polymeropoulos, M.H., D.S. Rath, H. Xiao & C.R. Merril, 1991b. Tetranucleotide repeat polymorphism at the human c-fes\/fps proto-oncogene (FES). Nucleic Acids Res. 19: 4018.","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"CR27","first-page":"4036","volume":"19","author":"M.H. Polymeropoulos","year":"1991","unstructured":"Polymeropoulos, M.H., D.S. Rath, H. Xiao & C.R. Merril, 1991c. Tetranucleotide repeat polymorphism at the human coagulation factor XIII A subunit gene (F13A1). Nucleic Acids Res. 19: 4036.","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/105.3.767","volume":"105","author":"J. Reynolds","year":"1983","unstructured":"Reynolds, J., B.S. Weir & C.C. Cockerham, 1983. Estimation of the coancestry coefficient: Basis for a short term genetic distance. Genetics 105: 767?779.","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"CR29","first-page":"279","volume":"53","author":"A. Urquhart","year":"1993","unstructured":"Urquhart, A. & P. Gill, 1993. Tandem-repeat internal mapping (TRIM) of the Involucrin Gene: repeat number and repeatpattern polymorphism within a coding region in human populations. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 53: 279?286.","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/2.7.1023","volume":"2","author":"W.J. Wall","year":"1993","unstructured":"Wall, W.J., R. Williamson, M. Petrou, D. Papaioannou & B.H. Parkin, 1993. Variation of short tandem repeats within and between populations. Hum. Mol. Genet. 2: 1023?1029.","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"CR31","first-page":"388","volume":"44","author":"J.L. Weber","year":"1989","unstructured":"Weber, J.L. & P.E. May, 1989. Abundant class of human DNA polymorphism which can be typed using the polymerase chain reaction. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 44: 388?396.","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/2.8.1123","volume":"2","author":"J.I. Weber","year":"1993","unstructured":"Weber, J.I. & C. Wong, 1993. Mutation of human short tandem repeats. Hum. Mol. Genetics 2: 1123?1128.","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genetics"},{"key":"CR33","first-page":"373","volume-title":"Molecular Systematics and Evolution","author":"B.S. Weir","year":"1990","unstructured":"Weir, B.S., 1990. Intraspecific variation, pp. 373?410 Molecular Systematics and Evolution, published by Sinauer Associates, Inc. Sunderland, Massachusetts, USA."},{"key":"CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ge.28.120194.003121","volume":"28","author":"B.S. Weir","year":"1994","unstructured":"Weir, B.S., 1994: The effects of inbreeding on forensic calculations. Annual Review of Genetics 28: 597?621.","journal-title":"Annual Review of Genetics"},{"key":"CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1026","DOI":"10.1016\/S0888-7543(05)80126-0","volume":"14","author":"J.S. Ziegle","year":"1992","unstructured":"Ziegle, J.S., Y. Su, P. Kevin, L.N. Corcoran, P.E. Mayrand, L.B. Hoff, L.J. McBride, M.N. Kronick & S.R. Diehl, 1992. Application of automated DNA sizing technology for genotyping microsatellite loci. Genomics 14: 1026?1031.","journal-title":"Genomics"}],"container-title":["Genetica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF01441153.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/BF01441153\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/BF01441153","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,8]],"date-time":"2021-07-08T09:15:20Z","timestamp":1625735720000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/BF01441153"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1995,6]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1-2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,6]]}},"alternative-id":["BF01441153"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/bf01441153","relation":{},"ISSN":["0016-6707","1573-6857"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0016-6707","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-6857","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1995,6]]}}}