{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T00:41:15Z","timestamp":1760920875919,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1973,3,1]],"date-time":"1973-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":99792000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Lipids"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1973,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The optimal fatty acid to protein ratio for maximum rat liver microsomal or mitochondrial activation of the<jats:italic>trans<\/jats:italic>\u2010monounsaturated acids elaidate or<jats:italic>trans<\/jats:italic>\u2010vaccenate is similar to the ratio for maximum palmitate activation but approximately double the optimal ratio for maximum activation of the<jats:italic>cis<\/jats:italic>\u2010unsaturated fatty acids, oleate,<jats:italic>cis<\/jats:italic>\u2010vaccenate, or of the<jats:italic>trans<\/jats:italic>\u2010diunsaturated linelaidic acid. However, when the substrate is a fatty acid\u2010albumin complex rather than free fatty acids, optimal fatty acid activation appears to be independent of geometrical configuration or degree of unsaturation. All\u2010<jats:italic>trans<\/jats:italic> retinoate, d\u2010\u03b1\u2010tocopheryl acid succinate, and dihomogeranoate are not activated themselves, but at low concentrations extensively inhibit activation of<jats:italic>cis<\/jats:italic>\u2010acids (oleate,<jats:italic>cis<\/jats:italic>\u2010vaccenate, petroselenate, linoleate, linolenate, arachidonate) and the<jats:italic>trans<\/jats:italic>\u2010diunsaturated linelaidate but do not affect activation of palmitate or<jats:italic>trans<\/jats:italic>\u2010monounsaturated acids elaidate and<jats:italic>trans<\/jats:italic>\u2010vaccenate. Anionic, cationic or nonionic detergents in a pH 7.4 buffered incubation medium were shown to inhibit, have no effect on, or apparently activate oleate activation, respectively, while not affecting or inhibiting palmitate and elaidate activation. The effect observed was dependent on the fatty acid to protein ratio, the fatty acid configuration and the detergent concentration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/bf02531806","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,22]],"date-time":"2006-11-22T01:25:14Z","timestamp":1164158714000},"page":"111-118","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Activation of long chain fatty acids by subcellular fractions of rat liver: I. Activation of<i>trans<\/i>\u2010unsaturated acids"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Kenneth","family":"Lippel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition Institute ARS, USDA Beltsville Maryland 20705"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1973,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/23.8.1111"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02531877"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00810a024"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00817a021"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2760(68)90157-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj1180443"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02532738"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/99.3.293"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2760(68)90093-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","first-page":"18","volume":"144","author":"Anderson R.L.","year":"1967","journal-title":"Ibid."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","first-page":"525","volume":"144","author":"Anderson R.L.","year":"1967","journal-title":"Ibid."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/89.2.165"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2760(66)90088-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/89.3.257"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2760(65)90095-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02654879"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","first-page":"481","volume":"84","author":"Jensen R.G.","year":"1964","journal-title":"Biochim. 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