{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T22:56:04Z","timestamp":1771455364089,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3-4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,14]],"date-time":"2021-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1631577600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,14]],"date-time":"2021-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1631577600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SFRH\/BD\/108168\/2015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BD\/108168\/2015"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/00667\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00667\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/00667\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00667\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/00667\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00667\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EXPL\/EEI-EEE\/0394\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EXPL\/EEI-EEE\/0394\/2021"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"European Regional Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Ref. 40042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Ref. 40042"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"European Regional Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Ref. 40042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Ref. 40042"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Adv Manuf Technol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>An innovative pilot installation and eddy current testing (ECT) inspection system for laser-brazed joints is presented. The proposed system detects both surface and sub-surface welding defects operating autonomously and integrated with a robotized arm. Customized eddy current probes were designed and experimentally validated detecting pore defects with 0.13 mm diameter and sub-surface defects buried 1 mm deep. The integration of the system and the manufacturing process towards an Industry 4.0 quality control paradigm is also discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00170-021-08007-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,14]],"date-time":"2021-09-14T22:02:16Z","timestamp":1631656936000},"page":"1183-1195","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["New directions for inline inspection of automobile laser welds using non-destructive testing"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"118","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9352-5196","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel Ara\u00fajo","family":"Machado","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8928-510X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu\u00eds Filipe Soldado Granadeiro","family":"Rosado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8711-5737","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nuno Alberto Marques","family":"Mendes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6551-9677","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosa Maria Mendes","family":"Miranda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9072-5010","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Telmo Jorge Gomes","family":"dos Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"8007_CR1","volume-title":"Laser brazing in the automotive industry","author":"H Riedelsberger","year":"2006","unstructured":"Riedelsberger H (2006) Laser brazing in the automotive industry. 87th Fabtech \/ AWS Weld Show, Atlanta"},{"key":"8007_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1757-899X\/330\/1\/012073","volume":"330","author":"D Krishnaja","year":"2018","unstructured":"Krishnaja D, Cheepu M, Venkateswarlu D (2018) A review of research progress on dissimilar laser weld-brazing of automotive applications. IOP Conf Ser Mater Sci Eng 330:012073. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/1757-899X\/330\/1\/012073","journal-title":"IOP Conf Ser Mater Sci Eng"},{"key":"8007_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phpro.2011.03.094","volume":"12","author":"S Frank","year":"2011","unstructured":"Frank S, Ungers M, Rolser R (2011) Coaxial control of aluminum and steel laser brazing processes. Phys Procedia 12:752\u2013760. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.phpro.2011.03.094","journal-title":"Phys Procedia"},{"key":"8007_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1179\/1362171812Y.0000000075","volume":"18","author":"F Klocke","year":"2013","unstructured":"Klocke F, Frank S (2013) Surface deposits in laser brazing. Sci Technol Weld Join 18:62\u201369. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1179\/1362171812Y.0000000075","journal-title":"Sci Technol Weld Join"},{"key":"8007_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1553","DOI":"10.1007\/s00170-019-04779-8","volume":"106","author":"W Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang W, Cai Y, Wang H-P, Carlson BE, Poss M (2020) Quality inspection scheme for automotive laser braze joints. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 106:1553\u20131566. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00170-019-04779-8","journal-title":"Int J Adv Manuf Technol"},{"key":"8007_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1007\/s00170-012-3902-0","volume":"63","author":"W Huang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Huang W, Kovacevic R (2012) Development of a real-time laser-based machine vision system to monitor and control welding processes. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 63:235\u2013248. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00170-012-3902-0","journal-title":"Int J Adv Manuf Technol"},{"key":"8007_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1007\/s00170-011-3770-z","volume":"61","author":"G Senthil Kumar","year":"2012","unstructured":"Senthil Kumar G, Natarajan U, Ananthan SS (2012) Vision inspection system for the identification and classification of defects in MIG welding joints. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 61:923\u2013933. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00170-011-3770-z","journal-title":"Int J Adv Manuf Technol"},{"key":"8007_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phpro.2010.08.077","volume":"5","author":"M Ungers","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ungers M, Fecker D, Frank S, Donst D, M\u00e4rgner V, Abels P, Kaierle S (2010) In-situ quality monitoring during laser brazing. Phys Procedia 5:493\u2013503. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.phpro.2010.08.077","journal-title":"Phys Procedia"},{"key":"8007_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Grimm A, Schmidt M (2009) Possibilities for online process monitoring at laser brazing based on two dimensional detector systems. ICALEO:537\u2013544","DOI":"10.2351\/1.5061607"},{"key":"8007_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1089\/3dp.2020.0204","volume":"8","author":"VR Duarte","year":"2021","unstructured":"Duarte VR, Rodrigues TA, Machado MA, Pragana JPM, Pombinha P, Coutinho L et al (2021) Benchmarking of nondestructive testing for additive manufacturing. 3D Print Addit Manuf 8:263\u2013270. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/3dp.2020.0204","journal-title":"3D Print Addit Manuf"},{"key":"8007_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.3233\/978-1-61499-767-2-283","volume":"42","author":"MA Machado","year":"2017","unstructured":"Machado MA, Rosado L, Pedrosa N, Miranda RM, Piedade M, Santos TG (2017) Customized eddy current probes for pipe inspection. Stud Appl Electromagn Mech 42:283\u2013290. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/978-1-61499-767-2-283","journal-title":"Stud Appl Electromagn Mech"},{"key":"8007_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109167","volume":"224","author":"MA Machado","year":"2021","unstructured":"Machado MA, Antin K-N, Rosado LS, Vila\u00e7a P, Santos TG (2021) High-speed inspection of delamination defects in unidirectional CFRP by non-contact eddy current testing. Compos B Eng 224:109167. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109167","journal-title":"Compos B Eng"},{"key":"8007_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ndteint.2017.02.001","volume":"87","author":"MA Machado","year":"2017","unstructured":"Machado MA, Rosado L, Pedrosa N, Vostner A, Miranda RM, Piedade M, Santos TG (2017) Novel eddy current probes for pipes: application in austenitic round-in-square profiles of ITER. NDT E Int 87:111\u2013118. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ndteint.2017.02.001","journal-title":"NDT E Int"},{"key":"8007_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmst.2018.09.047","volume":"35","author":"GL Sorger","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sorger GL, Oliveira JP, In\u00e1cio PL, Enzinger N, Vila\u00e7a P, Miranda RM, Santos TG (2019) Non-destructive microstructural analysis by electrical conductivity: comparison with hardness measurements in different materials. J Mater Sci Technol 35:360\u2013368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jmst.2018.09.047","journal-title":"J Mater Sci Technol"},{"key":"8007_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Santos TG et al (2020) Reliability and NDT Methods. In: Torres Marques A, Esteves S, Pereira J, Oliveira L (eds) Additive Manufacturing Hybrid Processes for Composites Systems. Advanced Structured Materials, vol 129. Springer, Cham. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-44522-5_8","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-44522-5_8"},{"key":"8007_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmatprotec.2010.08.030","volume":"211","author":"TG Santos","year":"2011","unstructured":"Santos TG, Vila\u00e7a P, Miranda RM (2011) Electrical conductivity field analysis for evaluation of FSW joints in AA6013 and AA7075 alloys. J Mater Process Technol 211:174\u2013180. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jmatprotec.2010.08.030","journal-title":"J Mater Process Technol"},{"key":"8007_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1016\/j.measurement.2017.05.002","volume":"111","author":"NM Rodrigues","year":"2017","unstructured":"Rodrigues NM, Rosado LS, Ramos PM (2017) A portable embedded contactless system for the measurement of metallic material conductivity and lift-off. Measurement 111:441\u2013450. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.measurement.2017.05.002","journal-title":"Measurement"},{"key":"8007_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.measurement.2015.09.026","volume":"77","author":"RF Abrantes","year":"2016","unstructured":"Abrantes RF, Rosado LS, Piedade M, Ramos PM (2016) Pulsed eddy currents testing using a planar matrix probe. Measurement 77:351\u2013361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.measurement.2015.09.026","journal-title":"Measurement"},{"key":"8007_CR19","unstructured":"Wesdyne. ELSCANTM pipe and elbow scanner 2018. http:\/\/amdataproducts.com\/manual-scanners (accessed June 19, 2018)."}],"container-title":["The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00170-021-08007-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00170-021-08007-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00170-021-08007-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,3]],"date-time":"2022-01-03T16:34:04Z","timestamp":1641227644000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00170-021-08007-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,14]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3-4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]}},"alternative-id":["8007"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00170-021-08007-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["0268-3768","1433-3015"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0268-3768","type":"print"},{"value":"1433-3015","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"5 July 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 September 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 September 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"Not applicable","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Additional declarations for articles in life science journals that report the results of studies involving humans and\/or animals"}}]}}