{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T16:20:46Z","timestamp":1774369246660,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,5]],"date-time":"2017-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1507161600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"name":"The State of Libya (The government)","award":["469-2009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["469-2009"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Heat Mass Transfer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00231-017-2181-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,5]],"date-time":"2017-10-05T08:39:20Z","timestamp":1507192760000},"page":"831-839","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Numerical model for the thermal behavior of thermocline storage tanks"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Ismael A. S.","family":"Ehtiwesh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Antonio C. M.","family":"Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2181_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.1016\/j.egypro.2015.03.106","volume":"69","author":"I Gonz\u00e1lez","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez I, Lehmkuhl O, P\u00e9rez-Segarra C, Oliva A (2015) Dynamic thermoelastic analysis of thermocline-like storage tanks. Energy Procedia 69:850\u2013859. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.egypro.2015.03.106","journal-title":"Energy Procedia"},{"key":"2181_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2013.01.047","volume":"60","author":"R Bay\u00f3n","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bay\u00f3n R, Rojas E (2013) Simulation of thermocline storage for solar thermal power plants: From dimensionless results to prototypes and real-size tanks. Int J Heat Mass Transf 60:713\u2013721","journal-title":"Int J Heat Mass Transf"},{"key":"2181_CR3","unstructured":"Ehtiwesh I (2016) Exergetic, energetic , economic and environmental evaluation of concentrated solar power plants in Libya. \nhttp:\/\/ria.ua.pt\/handle\/10773\/15882"},{"key":"2181_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2015.11.066","volume":"56","author":"I Ehtiwesh","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ehtiwesh I, Coelho M, Sousa ACM (2016) Exergetic and environmental life cycle assessment analysis of concentrated solar power plants. Renew Sust Energ Rev 56:145\u2013155. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rser.2015.11.066","journal-title":"Renew Sust Energ Rev"},{"key":"2181_CR5","unstructured":"Libby C (2010) Solar thermocline storage systems: preliminary design study. Report no. 1019581, EPRI, California"},{"key":"2181_CR6","first-page":"354","volume":"3","author":"M Tesfay","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tesfay M, Venkatesan M (2013) Simulation of thermocline thermal energy storage system using C. Int J Innov Appl Stud 3:354\u2013364","journal-title":"Int J Innov Appl Stud"},{"key":"2181_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1016\/j.solener.2010.03.007","volume":"84","author":"Z Yang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Yang Z, Garimella S (2010) Thermal analysis of solar thermal energy storage in a molten-salt thermocline. Sol Energy 84:974\u2013985","journal-title":"Sol Energy"},{"key":"2181_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3322","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2010.04.024","volume":"87","author":"Z Yang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Yang Z, Garimella S (2010) Molten-salt thermal energy storage in thermoclines under different environmental boundary conditions. Appl Energy 87:3322\u20133329","journal-title":"Appl Energy"},{"key":"2181_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2098","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2010.12.031","volume":"88","author":"S Flueckiger","year":"2011","unstructured":"Flueckiger S, Yang Z, Garimella S (2011) An integrated thermal and mechanical investigation of molten-salt thermocline energy storage. Appl Energy 88:2098\u20132105","journal-title":"Appl Energy"},{"key":"2181_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2011.11.002","volume":"92","author":"C Xu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Xu C, Wang Z, He Y, Li X, Bai F (2012) Sensitivity analysis of the numerical study on the thermal performance of a packed-bed molten salt thermocline thermal storage system. Appl Energy 92:65\u201375","journal-title":"Appl Energy"},{"key":"2181_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.renene.2012.04.017","volume":"48","author":"C Xu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Xu C, Wang Z, He Y, Li X, Bai F (2012) Parametric study and standby behavior of a packed-bed molten salt thermocline thermal storage system. Renew Energy 48:1\u20139","journal-title":"Renew Energy"},{"key":"2181_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.applthermaleng.2013.03.052","volume":"57","author":"C Xu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Xu C, Li X, Wang Z, He Y, Bai F (2013) Effects of solid particle properties on the thermal performance of a packed-bed molten-salt thermocline thermal storage system. Appl Therm Eng 57:69\u201380","journal-title":"Appl Therm Eng"},{"key":"2181_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-0032(29)91186-8","volume":"208","author":"T Schumann","year":"1929","unstructured":"Schumann T (1929) Heat transfer: A liquid flowing through a porous prism. J Franklin Inst 208:405\u2013416","journal-title":"J Franklin Inst"},{"key":"2181_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/0017-9310(91)90179-I","volume":"34","author":"Y Zurigat","year":"1991","unstructured":"Zurigat Y, Liche P, Ghajar A (1991) Influence of inlet geometry on mixing in thermocline thermal energy storage. Int J Heat Mass Transf 34:115\u2013125","journal-title":"Int J Heat Mass Transf"},{"key":"2181_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1115\/1.1464123","volume":"124","author":"J Pacheco","year":"2002","unstructured":"Pacheco J, Showalter S, Kolb W (2002) Development of a Molten-Salt Thermocline Thermal Storage System for Parabolic Trough Plants. J So Energ Eng 124:153\u2013159. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1115\/1.1464123","journal-title":"J So Energ Eng"},{"key":"2181_CR16","unstructured":"Faas SE, Thorne L, Fuchs E, Gilbertsen N (1986) 10MWe solar thermal central receiver pilot plant: thermal storage subsystem evaluation \u2013 final report. Sandia National Laboratories, SAND86\u20138212"},{"key":"2181_CR17","unstructured":"Mcmahan A (2006) Design & optimization of organic Rankine cycle solar-thermal power plants. Thesis, University of Wisconsin-Madison"},{"key":"2181_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1016\/j.applthermaleng.2016.01.110","volume":"100","author":"J-F Hoffmann","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hoffmann J-F, Fasquelle T, Goetz V, Py X (2016) A thermocline thermal energy storage system with filler materials for concentrated solar power plants: Experimental data and numerical model sensitivity to different experimental tank scales. Appl Therm Eng 100:753\u2013761. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.applthermaleng.2016.01.110","journal-title":"Appl Therm Eng"},{"key":"2181_CR19","volume-title":"Numerical Methods in Heat, Mass and Momentum Transfer","author":"J Murthy","year":"2002","unstructured":"Murthy J (2002) Numerical Methods in Heat, Mass and Momentum Transfer. School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette"},{"key":"2181_CR20","unstructured":"Patankar S (1980) Numerical heat transfer and fluid flow. Series in coputational methods in mechanics and thermal sciences"},{"key":"2181_CR21","volume-title":"Environmental fluid mechanics","author":"B Cushman-Roisin","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cushman-Roisin B (2014) Environmental fluid mechanics. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York"},{"key":"2181_CR22","volume-title":"Turbulence Modeling for CFD","author":"D Wilcox","year":"2006","unstructured":"Wilcox D (2006) Turbulence Modeling for CFD, 3rd edn. DCW Industries, Inc., La Ca\u00f1ada","edition":"3"},{"key":"2181_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.2514\/8.3713","volume":"23","author":"E Driest Van","year":"1956","unstructured":"Van Driest E (1956) On Turbulent Flow Near a Wall. J Aeronaut Sci 23:1007\u20131011","journal-title":"J Aeronaut Sci"},{"key":"2181_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jher.2011.01.002","volume":"5","author":"C Or","year":"2011","unstructured":"Or C, Lam K, Liu P (2011) Potential core lengths of round jets in stagnant and moving environments. J Hydro Environ Res 5:81\u201391","journal-title":"J Hydro Environ Res"},{"key":"2181_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41014","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4007665","volume":"134","author":"S Flueckiger","year":"2012","unstructured":"Flueckiger S, Yang Z, Garimella S (2012) Thermomechanical Simulation of the Solar One Thermocline Storage Tank. J So Energ Eng 134:41014. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1115\/1.4007665","journal-title":"J So Energ Eng"}],"container-title":["Heat and Mass Transfer"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00231-017-2181-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00231-017-2181-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00231-017-2181-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,12]],"date-time":"2018-02-12T11:45:13Z","timestamp":1518435913000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00231-017-2181-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,5]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]}},"alternative-id":["2181"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00231-017-2181-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["0947-7411","1432-1181"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0947-7411","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1181","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,5]]}}}