{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T11:43:31Z","timestamp":1778327011003,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,15]],"date-time":"2016-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1473897600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"name":"Teaching and Research Department of Centro Hospitalar do Porto","award":["DEFI:309\/12(213-DEFI\/251-CES"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DEFI:309\/12(213-DEFI\/251-CES"]}]},{"name":"Spanish Ministry of Health and Carlos III Health Institute","award":["PI12\/01262"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI12\/01262"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Abdom Radiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-016-0899-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,14]],"date-time":"2016-09-14T21:20:48Z","timestamp":1473888048000},"page":"468-477","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Evaluation of fibrosis and inflammation in diffuse liver diseases using intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted MR imaging"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1068-8577","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuela","family":"Fran\u00e7a","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Luis","family":"Mart\u00ed-Bonmat\u00ed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"\u00c1ngel","family":"Alberich-Bayarri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Susana","family":"Guimaraes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Amorim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Javier Sanchez","family":"Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Ram\u00f3n","family":"Vizca\u00edno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Helena Pessegueiro","family":"Miranda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"899_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2011.09.024","volume":"56","author":"EL Ellis","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ellis EL, Mann DA (2012) Clinical evidence for the regression of liver fibrosis. J Hepatol 56:1171\u20131180. doi: 10.1016\/j.jhep.2011.09.024","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"899_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2008.01691.x","volume":"28","author":"RP Myers","year":"2008","unstructured":"Myers RP, Fong A, Shaheen AAM (2008) Utilization rates, complications and costs of percutaneous liver biopsy: a population-based study including 4275 biopsies. Liver Int 28:705\u2013712. doi: 10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2008.01691.x","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"key":"899_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1449","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hep.2003.09.022","volume":"38","author":"P Bedossa","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bedossa P, Darg\u00e8re D, Paradis V (2003) Sampling variability of liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C. Hepatology 38:1449\u20131457. doi: 10.1016\/j.hep.2003.09.022","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"899_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21747","volume":"46","author":"MM Lewin","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lewin MM, Poujol-Robert AA, Bo\u00eblle P-YP, et al. (2007) Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging for the assessment of fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C. Hepatology 46:658\u2013665. doi: 10.1002\/hep.21747","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"899_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2493080080","volume":"249","author":"A Luciani","year":"2008","unstructured":"Luciani A, Vignaud A, Cavet M, et al. (2008) Liver cirrhosis: Intravoxel incoherent motion MR Imaging\u2014Pilot Study. Radiology 249:891\u2013899. doi: 10.1148\/radiol.2493080080","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"899_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.07.2086","volume":"189","author":"B Taouli","year":"2007","unstructured":"Taouli B, Tolia AJ, Losada M, et al. (2007) Diffusion-weighted MRI for quantification of liver fibrosis: preliminary experience. AJR Am J Roentgenol 189:799\u2013806. doi: 10.2214\/AJR.07.2086","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"899_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.21227","volume":"28","author":"B Taouli","year":"2008","unstructured":"Taouli B, Chouli M, Martin AJ, et al. (2008) Chronic hepatitis: Role of diffusion-weighted imaging and diffusion tensor imaging for the diagnosis of liver fibrosis and inflammation. J Magn Reson Imaging 28:89\u201395. doi: 10.1002\/jmri.21227","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"899_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1556","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.09.2436","volume":"193","author":"K Sandrasegaran","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sandrasegaran K, Akisik FM, Lin C, et al. (2009) Value of diffusion-weighted MRI for assessing liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. AJR Am J Roentgenol 193:1556\u20131560. doi: 10.2214\/AJR.09.2436","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"899_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-011-2295-z","volume":"22","author":"AA Bakan","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bakan AA, Inci E, Bakan S, et al. (2011) Utility of diffusion-weighted imaging in the evaluation of liver fibrosis. Eur Radiol 22:682\u2013687. doi: 10.1007\/s00330-011-2295-z","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"899_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.09090021","volume":"254","author":"B Taouli","year":"2009","unstructured":"Taouli B, Koh DM (2009) Diffusion-weighted MR Imaging of the Liver. Radiology 254:47\u201366. doi: 10.1148\/radiol.09090021","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"899_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.210.3.r99fe17617","volume":"210","author":"I Yamada","year":"1999","unstructured":"Yamada I, Aung W, Himeno Y, et al. (1999) Diffusion coefficients in abdominal organs and hepatic lesions: evaluation with intravoxel incoherent motion echo-planar MR imaging. Radiology 210:617\u2013623","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"899_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.168.2.3393671","volume":"168","author":"D Bihan Le","year":"1988","unstructured":"Le Bihan D, Breton E, Lallemand D, et al. (1988) Separation of diffusion and perfusion in intravoxel incoherent motion MR imaging. Radiology 168:497\u2013505. doi: 10.1148\/radiology.168.2.3393671","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"899_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1097\/RCT.0b013e3182a589be","volume":"38","author":"JH Yoon","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yoon JH, Lee JM, Baek JH, et al. (2014) Evaluation of hepatic fibrosis using intravoxel incoherent motion in diffusion-weighted liver MRI. J Comput Assist Tomogr 38:110\u2013116. doi: 10.1097\/RCT.0b013e3182a589be","journal-title":"J Comput Assist Tomogr"},{"key":"899_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e113846","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0113846.t002","volume":"9","author":"P-X Lu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lu P-X, Huang H, Yuan J, et al. (2014) Decreases in molecular diffusion, perfusion fraction and perfusion-related diffusion in fibrotic livers: A prospective clinical intravoxel incoherent motion MR imaging study. PLoS One 9:e113846. doi: 10.1371\/journal.pone.0113846.t002","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"899_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.24796","volume":"42","author":"G Hu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hu G, Chan Q, Quan X, et al. (2014) Intravoxel incoherent motion MRI evaluation for the staging of liver fibrosis in a rat model. J Magn Reson Imaging 42:331\u2013339. doi: 10.1002\/jmri.24796","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"899_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.23607","volume":"36","author":"AM Chow","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chow AM, Gao DS, Fan SJ, et al. (2012) Liver fibrosis: an intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) study. J Magn Reson Imaging 36:159\u2013167. doi: 10.1002\/jmri.23607","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"899_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1428","DOI":"10.1177\/0284185114559763","volume":"56","author":"SR Chung","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chung SR, Lee SS, Kim N, et al. (2014) Intravoxel incoherent motion MRI for liver fibrosis assessment: a pilot study. Acta Radiol 56:1428\u20131436. doi: 10.1177\/0284185114559763","journal-title":"Acta Radiol"},{"key":"899_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2013.03.007","volume":"31","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Jin N, Deng J, et al. (2013) Intra-voxel incoherent motion MRI in rodent model of diethylnitrosamine-induced liver fibrosis. Magn Reson Imaging 31:1017\u20131021. doi: 10.1016\/j.mri.2013.03.007","journal-title":"Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"899_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-443-06803-4.00001-0","volume-title":"Practical hepatic pathology: a diagnostic approach","author":"R Saxena","year":"2011","unstructured":"Saxena R (2011) Microscopic anatomy, basic terms, and elemental lesions. In: Saxena R (ed) Practical hepatic pathology: a diagnostic approach, 1st edn. Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders, pp 3\u201328","edition":"1"},{"key":"899_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.25610","volume":"56","author":"Q-B Wang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wang Q-B, Zhu H, Liu H-L, Zhang B (2012) Performance of magnetic resonance elastography and diffusion-weighted imaging for the staging of hepatic fibrosis: a meta-analysis. Hepatology 56:239\u2013247. doi: 10.1002\/hep.25610","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"899_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2012.09.009","volume":"82","author":"M Tosun","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tosun M, Inan N, Sarisoy HT, et al. (2013) Diagnostic performance of conventional diffusion weighted imaging and diffusion tensor imaging for the liver fibrosis and inflammation. Eur J Radiol 82:203\u2013207. doi: 10.1016\/j.ejrad.2012.09.009","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"key":"899_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.10100853","volume":"258","author":"K Fujimoto","year":"2011","unstructured":"Fujimoto K, Tonan T, Azuma S, et al. (2011) Evaluation of the mean and entropy of apparent diffusion coefficient values in chronic hepatitis C: correlation with pathologic fibrosis stage and inflammatory activity grade. Radiology 258:739\u2013748. doi: 10.1148\/radiol.10100853","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"899_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-012-2700-2","volume":"23","author":"R B\u00fclow","year":"2012","unstructured":"B\u00fclow R, Mensel B, Meffert P, et al. (2012) Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging for staging liver fibrosis is less reliable in the presence of fat and iron. Eur Radiol 23:1281\u20131287. doi: 10.1007\/s00330-012-2700-2","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"899_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.12112478","volume":"265","author":"B Guiu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Guiu B, Petit JM, Capitan V, et al. (2012) Intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a 3.0-T MR Study. Radiology 265:96\u2013103. doi: 10.1148\/radiol.12112478","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"899_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2011.12.013","volume":"30","author":"JT Lee","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lee JT, Liau J, Murphy P, et al. (2012) Cross-sectional investigation of correlation between hepatic steatosis and IVIM perfusion on MR imaging. Magn Reson Imaging 30:572\u2013578. doi: 10.1016\/j.mri.2011.12.013","journal-title":"Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"899_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.24535","volume":"69","author":"J Hansmann","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hansmann J, Hernando D, Reeder SB (2012) Fat confounds the observed apparent diffusion coefficient in patients with hepatic steatosis. Magn Reson Med 69:545\u2013552. doi: 10.1002\/mrm.24535","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"},{"key":"899_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-012-2626-8","volume":"23","author":"HS Leit\u00e3o","year":"2012","unstructured":"Leit\u00e3o HS, Doblas S, d\u2019Assignies G, et al. (2012) Fat deposition decreases diffusion parameters at MRI: a study in phantoms and patients with liver steatosis. Eur Radiol 23:461\u2013467. doi: 10.1007\/s00330-012-2626-8","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"899_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-8278(95)80226-6","volume":"22","author":"K Ishak","year":"1995","unstructured":"Ishak K, Baptista A, Bianchi L, et al. (1995) Histological grading and staging of chronic hepatitis. J Hepatol 22:696\u2013699","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"899_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20701","volume":"41","author":"DE Kleiner","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kleiner DE, Brunt EM, Van Natta M, et al. (2005) Design and validation of a histological scoring system for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatology 41:1313\u20131321. doi: 10.1002\/hep.20701","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"899_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4755","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v13.i35.4755","volume":"13","author":"Y Deugnier","year":"2007","unstructured":"Deugnier Y, Turlin B (2007) Pathology of hepatic iron overload. WJG 13:4755\u20134760","journal-title":"WJG"},{"key":"899_CR31","first-page":"118","volume":"28","author":"L Papalavrentios","year":"2015","unstructured":"Papalavrentios L, Sinakos E, Chourmouzi D, et al. (2015) Value of 3 Tesla diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging for assessing liver fibrosis. Ann Gastroenterol 28:118\u2013123","journal-title":"Ann Gastroenterol"},{"key":"899_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0b013e318223bd2c","volume":"45","author":"S Bonekamp","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bonekamp S, Torbenson MS, Kamel IR (2011) Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging for the staging of liver fibrosis. J Clin Gastroenterol 45:885\u2013892. doi: 10.1097\/MCG.0b013e318223bd2c","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"899_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.22081","volume":"31","author":"J Patel","year":"2010","unstructured":"Patel J, Sigmund EE, Rusinek H, et al. (2010) Diagnosis of cirrhosis with intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion MRI and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI alone and in combination: Preliminary experience. J Magn Reson Imaging 31:589\u2013600. doi: 10.1002\/jmri.22081","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"899_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1629","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.24755","volume":"41","author":"P Murphy","year":"2014","unstructured":"Murphy P, Hooker J, Ang B, et al. (2014) Associations between histologic features of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and quantitative diffusion-weighted MRI measurements in adults. J Magn Reson Imaging 41:1629\u20131638. doi: 10.1002\/jmri.24755","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"899_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0125653","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0125653.t004","volume":"10","author":"DB Parente","year":"2015","unstructured":"Parente DB, Paiva FF, Oliveira Neto JA, et al. (2015) Intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion weighted MR imaging at 3.0 T: assessment of steatohepatitis and fibrosis compared with liver biopsy in type 2 diabetic patients. PLoS One 10:e0125653. doi: 10.1371\/journal.pone.0125653.t004","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"899_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.11.7541","volume":"199","author":"H Chandarana","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chandarana H, Do RKG, Mussi TC, et al. (2012) The effect of liver iron deposition on hepatic apparent diffusion coefficient values in cirrhosis. AJR Am J Roentgenol 199:803\u2013808. doi: 10.2214\/AJR.11.7541","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"899_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.24693","volume":"41","author":"B Leporq","year":"2015","unstructured":"Leporq B, Saint-Jalmes H, Rabrait C, et al. (2015) Optimization of intra-voxel incoherent motion imaging at 3.0 Tesla for fast liver examination. J Magn Reson Imaging 41:1209\u20131217. doi: 10.1002\/jmri.24693","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"899_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-012-2604-1","volume":"23","author":"A Andreou","year":"2012","unstructured":"Andreou A, Koh DM, Collins DJ, et al. (2012) Measurement reproducibility of perfusion fraction and pseudodiffusion coefficient derived by intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted MR imaging in normal liver and metastases. Eur Radiol 23:428\u2013434. doi: 10.1007\/s00330-012-2604-1","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"899_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(03)00005-9","volume":"38","author":"VJ Desmet","year":"2003","unstructured":"Desmet VJ (2003) Knodell RG, Ishak KG, Black WC, Chen TS, Craig R, Kaplowitz N, Kiernan TW, Wollman J. Formulation and application of a numerical scoring system for assessing histological activity in asymptomatic chronic active hepatitis [Hepatology 1981;1:431\u2013435]. J Hepatol 38:382\u2013386. doi: 10.1016\/S0168-8278(03)00005-9","journal-title":"J Hepatol"}],"container-title":["Abdominal Radiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00261-016-0899-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00261-016-0899-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00261-016-0899-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,24]],"date-time":"2017-06-24T18:49:07Z","timestamp":1498330147000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00261-016-0899-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,15]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]}},"alternative-id":["899"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00261-016-0899-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["2366-004X","2366-0058"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2366-004X","type":"print"},{"value":"2366-0058","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,15]]}}}