{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,5]],"date-time":"2025-10-05T20:00:34Z","timestamp":1759694434439,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,14]],"date-time":"2020-01-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1578960000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,14]],"date-time":"2020-01-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1578960000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010665","name":"H2020 Marie Sk\u0142odowska-Curie Actions","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PIEF-GA-2012-332331"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PIEF-GA-2012-332331"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013239","name":"Centro de Estudos Ambientais e Marinhos, Universidade de Aveiro","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UID \/ AMB \/ 50017\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID \/ AMB \/ 50017\/2019"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013239","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SFRH\/BPD\/118053\/2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BPD\/118053\/2016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DI 1694\/1\u20101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DI 1694\/1\u20101"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Behav Ecol Sociobiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00265-019-2793-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,14]],"date-time":"2020-01-14T07:02:47Z","timestamp":1578985367000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Individual behavior, behavioral stability, and pace of life within and among five shrew species"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"74","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6010-1127","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sophie","family":"von Merten","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Niels J.","family":"Dingemanse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Maria da Luz","family":"Mathias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Leszek","family":"Rychlik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2793_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-3472(73)80065-X","volume":"21","author":"J Archer","year":"1973","unstructured":"Archer J (1973) Tests for emotionality in rats and mice - review. Anim Behav 21:205\u2013235","journal-title":"Anim Behav"},{"key":"2793_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1419","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2109.2006.01575.x","volume":"37","author":"HP Baird","year":"2006","unstructured":"Baird HP, Patullo BW, Macmillan DL (2006) Reducing aggression between freshwater crayfish (Cherax destructor Clark: Decapoda, Parastacidae) by increasing habitat complexity. Aquac Res 37:1419\u20131428","journal-title":"Aquac Res"},{"key":"2793_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1007\/s00265-019-2713-9","volume":"73","author":"J Baxter-Gilbert","year":"2019","unstructured":"Baxter-Gilbert J, Riley JL, Whiting MJ (2019) Bold new world: urbanization promotes an innate behavioral trait in a lizard. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 73:105","journal-title":"Behav Ecol Sociobiol"},{"key":"2793_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1461-0248.2007.01081.x","volume":"10","author":"AM Bell","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bell AM, Sih A (2007) Exposure to predation generates personality in threespined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus). Ecol Lett 10:828\u2013834","journal-title":"Ecol Lett"},{"key":"2793_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1163\/156853990X00185","volume":"112","author":"RF Benus","year":"1990","unstructured":"Benus RF, den Daas S, Koolhaas JM, van Oortmerssen GA (1990) Routine formation and flexibility in social and non-social behaviour of aggressive and non-aggressive male mice. Behaviour 112:176\u2013193","journal-title":"Behaviour"},{"key":"2793_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1408589111","volume":"112","author":"CA Botero","year":"2015","unstructured":"Botero CA, Weissing FJ, Wright J, Rubenstein DR (2015) Evolutionary tipping points in the capacity to adapt to environmental change. P Natl Acad Sci USA 112:184\u2013189","journal-title":"P Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2793_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.2307\/1940639","volume":"76","author":"A Bouskila","year":"1995","unstructured":"Bouskila A (1995) Interactions between predation risk and competition: a field study of kangaroo rats and snakes. Ecology 76:165\u2013178","journal-title":"Ecology"},{"key":"2793_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anbehav.2004.12.022","volume":"70","author":"C Brown","year":"2005","unstructured":"Brown C, Jones F, Braithwaite V (2005) In situ examination of boldness\u2013shyness traits in the tropical poeciliid, Brachyraphis episcopi. Anim Behav 70:1003\u20131009","journal-title":"Anim Behav"},{"key":"2793_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2435.2008.01468.x","volume":"23","author":"V Careau","year":"2009","unstructured":"Careau V, Bininda-Emonds ORP, Thomas DW, Reale D, Humphries MM (2009) Exploration strategies map along fast-slow metabolic and life-history continua in muroid rodents. Funct Ecol 23:150\u2013156","journal-title":"Funct Ecol"},{"key":"2793_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.2307\/3546209","volume":"76","author":"B Christensen","year":"1996","unstructured":"Christensen B (1996) Predator foraging capabilities and prey antipredator behaviours: pre-versus postcapture constraints on size-dependent predator-prey interactions. Oikos 76:368\u2013380","journal-title":"Oikos"},{"key":"2793_CR11","volume-title":"The natural history of shrews","author":"S Churchfield","year":"1990","unstructured":"Churchfield S (1990) The natural history of shrews. Cornell University Press, Ithaca"},{"key":"2793_CR12","unstructured":"Churchfield S (1994) Foraging strategies of shrews, and the evidence from field studies. In: Merritt JF, Kirkland GL, Rose RK (eds) Advances in the biology of shrews., vol 18. Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh, USA, pp 77-87"},{"key":"2793_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7998.2006.00115.x","volume":"269","author":"S Churchfield","year":"2006","unstructured":"Churchfield S, Rychlik L (2006) Diets and coexistence in Neomys and Sorex shrews in Bia\u0142owie\u017ca forest, eastern Poland. J Zool 269:381\u2013390","journal-title":"J Zool"},{"key":"2793_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1111\/2041-210X.12281","volume":"6","author":"IR Cleasby","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cleasby IR, Nakagawa S, Schielzeth H (2015) Quantifying the predictability of behaviour: statistical approaches for the study of between-individual variation in the within-individual variance. Methods Ecol Evol 6:27\u201337","journal-title":"Methods Ecol Evol"},{"key":"2793_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4021","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2010.0217","volume":"365","author":"CM Coppens","year":"2010","unstructured":"Coppens CM, de Boer SF, Koolhaas JM (2010) Coping styles and behavioural flexibility: towards underlying mechanisms. Philos Trans R Soc B 365:4021\u20134028","journal-title":"Philos Trans R Soc B"},{"key":"2793_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1007\/s11284-017-1484-x","volume":"32","author":"M Dahirel","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dahirel M, Vong A, Ansart A, Madec L (2017) Individual boldness is life stage-dependent and linked to dispersal in a hermaphrodite land snail. Ecol Res 32:751\u2013755","journal-title":"Ecol Res"},{"key":"2793_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1461-0248.2012.01846.x","volume":"15","author":"SRX Dall","year":"2012","unstructured":"Dall SRX, Bell AM, Bolnick DI, Ratnieks FL (2012) An evolutionary ecology of individual differences. Ecol Lett 15:1189\u20131198","journal-title":"Ecol Lett"},{"key":"2793_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1007\/s00265-018-2473-y","volume":"72","author":"M Dammhahn","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dammhahn M, Dingemanse NJ, Niemel\u00e4 PT, R\u00e9ale D (2018) Pace-of-life syndromes: a framework for the adaptive integration of behaviour, physiology and life history. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 72:62","journal-title":"Behav Ecol Sociobiol"},{"key":"2793_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1111\/eth.12536","volume":"122","author":"SA Deventer","year":"2016","unstructured":"Deventer SA, Uhl F, Bugnyar T, Miller R, Fitch WT, Schiestl M, Ringler M, Schwab C (2016) Behavioural type affects space use in a wild population of crows (Corvus corone). Ethology 122:881\u2013891","journal-title":"Ethology"},{"key":"2793_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1128","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2656.2007.01284.x","volume":"76","author":"NJ Dingemanse","year":"2007","unstructured":"Dingemanse NJ, Wright J, Kazem AJ, Thomas DK, Hickling R, Dawnay N (2007) Behavioural syndromes differ predictably between 12 populations of three-spined stickleback. J Anim Ecol 76:1128\u20131138","journal-title":"J Anim Ecol"},{"key":"2793_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1111\/ele.13413","volume":"23","author":"NJ Dingemanse","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dingemanse NJ, Barber I, Dochtermann NA (2020) Non-consumptive effects of predation: does perceived risk strengthen the genetic integration of behaviour and morphology in stickleback? Ecol Lett 23:107\u2013118","journal-title":"Ecol Lett"},{"key":"2793_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2016.08.007","volume":"85","author":"PD Edwards","year":"2016","unstructured":"Edwards PD, Palme R, Boonstra R (2016) Seasonal programming, not competition or testosterone, drives stress-axis changes in a partially-semelparous mammal. Horm Behav 85:96\u2013101","journal-title":"Horm Behav"},{"key":"2793_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-5347(98)01577-8","volume":"14","author":"SA Foster","year":"1999","unstructured":"Foster SA (1999) The geography of behaviour: an evolutionary perspective. Trends Ecol Evol 14:190\u2013195","journal-title":"Trends Ecol Evol"},{"key":"2793_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beproc.2018.09.008","volume":"157","author":"D Frynta","year":"2018","unstructured":"Frynta D, Kaftanov\u00e1-Eli\u00e1\u0161ov\u00e1 B, \u017dampachov\u00e1 B, Vor\u00e1\u010dkov\u00e1 P, S\u00e1dlov\u00e1 J, Landov\u00e1 E (2018) Behavioural strategies of three wild-derived populations of the house mouse (Mus m. musculus and M. m. domesticus) in five standard tests of exploration and boldness: searching for differences attributable to subspecies and commensalism. Behav Process 157:133\u2013141","journal-title":"Behav Process"},{"key":"2793_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1111\/eth.12246","volume":"120","author":"G Gracceva","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gracceva G, Herde A, Groothuis TGG, Koolhaas JM, Palme R, Eccard JA (2014) Turning shy on a winter\u2019s day: effects of season on personality and stress response in Microtus arvalis. Ethology 120:753\u2013767","journal-title":"Ethology"},{"key":"2793_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1965","DOI":"10.1002\/joc.1276","volume":"25","author":"RJ Hijmans","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hijmans RJ, Cameron SE, Parra JL, Jones PG, Jarvis A (2005) Very high resolution interpolated climate surfaces for global land areas. Int J Climatol 25:1965\u20131978","journal-title":"Int J Climatol"},{"key":"2793_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anbehav.2014.09.015","volume":"97","author":"CT Holbrook","year":"2014","unstructured":"Holbrook CT, Wright CM, Pruitt JN (2014) Individual differences in personality and behavioural plasticity facilitate division of labour in social spider colonies. Anim Behav 97:177\u2013183","journal-title":"Anim Behav"},{"key":"2793_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1111\/1365-2435.12779","volume":"31","author":"B Holtmann","year":"2017","unstructured":"Holtmann B, Lagisz M, Nakagawa S (2017) Metabolic rates, and not hormone levels, are a likely mediator of between-individual differences in behaviour: a meta-analysis. Funct Ecol 31:685\u2013696","journal-title":"Funct Ecol"},{"key":"2793_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/130.1.195","volume":"130","author":"D Houle","year":"1992","unstructured":"Houle D (1992) Comparing evolvability and variability of quantitative traits. Genetics 130:195\u2013204","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"2793_CR30","first-page":"111","volume-title":"Advances in the biology of shrews","author":"DGL Innes","year":"1994","unstructured":"Innes DGL (1994) Life histories of the Soricidae. In: Merritt JF, Kirkland GL, Rose RK (eds) Advances in the biology of shrews, vol 18. Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh, pp 111\u2013136"},{"key":"2793_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anbehav.2004.07.008","volume":"69","author":"SP Jensen","year":"2005","unstructured":"Jensen SP, Gray SJ, Hurst JL (2005) Excluding neighbours from territories: effects of habitat structure and resource distribution. Anim Behav 69:785\u2013795","journal-title":"Anim Behav"},{"key":"2793_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1163\/1568539X-00003442","volume":"154","author":"ER Knotts","year":"2017","unstructured":"Knotts ER (2017) Influences of individual phenotypic traits on the habitat preferences of the sand fiddler crab, Uca pugilator. Behaviour 154:741\u2013764","journal-title":"Behaviour"},{"key":"2793_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1163\/000579511X572035","volume":"148","author":"A Kobler","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kobler A, Maes GE, Humblet Y, Volckaert FA, Eens M (2011) Temperament traits and microhabitat use in bullhead, Cottus perifretum: fish associated with complex habitats are less aggressive. Behaviour 148:603\u2013625","journal-title":"Behaviour"},{"key":"2793_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-7634(99)00026-3","volume":"23","author":"JM Koolhaas","year":"1999","unstructured":"Koolhaas JM, Korte SM, de Boer SF, van der Vegt BJ, van Reenen CG, Hopster H, de Jong IC, Ruis MA, Blokhuis HJ (1999) Coping styles in animals: current status in behavior and stress-physiology. Neurosci Biobehav R 23:925\u2013935","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav R"},{"key":"2793_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1093\/jmammal\/gyy013","volume":"99","author":"K Kowalski","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kowalski K, Rychlik L (2018) The role of venom in the hunting and hoarding of prey differing in body size by the Eurasian water shrew, Neomys fodiens. J Mammal 99:351\u2013362","journal-title":"J Mammal"},{"key":"2793_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1186\/s12983-017-0230-0","volume":"14","author":"K Kowalski","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kowalski K, Marciniak P, Rosi\u0144ski G, Rychlik L (2017) Evaluation of the physiological activity of venom from the Eurasian water shrew Neomys fodiens. Front Zool 14:46","journal-title":"Front Zool"},{"key":"2793_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.4098\/AT.arch.94-37","volume":"39","author":"NL Krushinska","year":"1994","unstructured":"Krushinska NL, Rychlik L (1994) Aggressiveness of a Neomys fodiens parous female towards conspecific and N. anomalus intruders. Acta Theriol 39:329\u2013332","journal-title":"Acta Theriol"},{"key":"2793_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1111\/gcb.13395","volume":"23","author":"O Lapiedra","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lapiedra O, Chejanovski Z, Kolbe JJ (2017) Urbanization and biological invasion shape animal personalities. Glob Chang Biol 23:592\u2013603","journal-title":"Glob Chang Biol"},{"key":"2793_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.aecr.2015.01.004","volume":"52","author":"KL Laskowski","year":"2015","unstructured":"Laskowski KL, Pearish S, Bensky M, Bell AM (2015) Predictors of individual variation in movement in a natural population of threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus). Adv Ecol Res 52:65\u201390","journal-title":"Adv Ecol Res"},{"key":"2793_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anbehav.2018.01.011","volume":"137","author":"V Mazza","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mazza V, Eccard JA, Zaccaroni M, Jacob J, Dammhahn M (2018) The fast and the flexible: cognitive style drives individual variation in cognition in a small mammal. Anim Behav 137:119\u2013132","journal-title":"Anim Behav"},{"key":"2793_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1439-0310.2002.00773.x","volume":"108","author":"C Mettke-Hofmann","year":"2002","unstructured":"Mettke-Hofmann C, Winkler H, Leisler B (2002) The significance of ecological factors for exploration and neophobia in parrots. Ethology 108:249\u2013272","journal-title":"Ethology"},{"key":"2793_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.4098\/AT.arch.83-1","volume":"28","author":"I Michalak","year":"1983","unstructured":"Michalak I (1983) Reproduction, maternal and social behaviour of the European water shrew under laboratory conditions. Acta Theriol 28:3\u201324","journal-title":"Acta Theriol"},{"key":"2793_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.1111\/1365-2435.13034","volume":"32","author":"M Michelangeli","year":"2018","unstructured":"Michelangeli M, Goulet CT, Kang HS, Wong BB, Chapple DG (2018) Integrating thermal physiology within a syndrome: locomotion, personality and habitat selection in an ectotherm. Funct Ecol 32:970\u2013981","journal-title":"Funct Ecol"},{"key":"2793_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1007\/s00265-018-2526-2","volume":"72","author":"P-O Montiglio","year":"2018","unstructured":"Montiglio P-O, Dammhahn M, Messier GD, R\u00e9ale D (2018) The pace-of-life syndrome revisited: the role of ecological conditions and natural history on the slow-fast continuum. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 72:116","journal-title":"Behav Ecol Sociobiol"},{"key":"2793_CR45","first-page":"425","volume":"26","author":"N Moraleva","year":"1989","unstructured":"Moraleva N (1989) Intraspecific interactions in the common shrew Sorex araneus in Central Siberia. Ann Zool Fenn 26:425\u2013432","journal-title":"Ann Zool Fenn"},{"key":"2793_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beproc.2015.10.012","volume":"121","author":"S Moss","year":"2015","unstructured":"Moss S, Tittaferrante S, Way GP, Fuller A, Sullivan N, Ruhl N, McRobert SP (2015) Interactions between aggression, boldness and shoaling within a brood of convict cichlids (Amatitlania nigrofasciatus). Behav Process 121:63\u201369","journal-title":"Behav Process"},{"key":"2793_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1455","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01918804","volume":"33","author":"A Nagel","year":"1977","unstructured":"Nagel A (1977) Torpor in the European white-toothed shrews. Experientia 33:1455\u20131456","journal-title":"Experientia"},{"key":"2793_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtherbio.2015.12.002","volume":"56","author":"FG Oliveira","year":"2016","unstructured":"Oliveira FG, Tapisso JT, Monarca RI, Cerveira AM, Mathias ML (2016) Phenotypic flexibility in the energetic strategy of the greater white-toothed shrew, Crocidura russula. J Therm Biol 56:10\u201317","journal-title":"J Therm Biol"},{"key":"2793_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1007\/s00265-013-1500-2","volume":"67","author":"S Pearish","year":"2013","unstructured":"Pearish S, Hostert L, Bell AM (2013) Behavioral type\u2013environment correlations in the field: a study of three-spined stickleback. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 67:765\u2013774","journal-title":"Behav Ecol Sociobiol"},{"key":"2793_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7998.1990.tb04316.x","volume":"220","author":"DE Promislow","year":"1990","unstructured":"Promislow DE, Harvey PH (1990) Living fast and dying young: a comparative analysis of life-history variation among mammals. J Zool 220:417\u2013437","journal-title":"J Zool"},{"key":"2793_CR51","volume-title":"Keys to vertebrates of Poland, mammals","author":"Z Pucek","year":"1981","unstructured":"Pucek Z (1981) Keys to vertebrates of Poland, mammals. PWN \u2013 Polish Scientific Publishers, Warszawa"},{"key":"2793_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-185X.2007.00010.x","volume":"82","author":"D R\u00e9ale","year":"2007","unstructured":"R\u00e9ale D, Reader SM, Sol D, McDougall PT, Dingemanse NJ (2007) Integrating animal temperament within ecology and evolution. Biol Rev 82:291\u2013318","journal-title":"Biol Rev"},{"key":"2793_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4051","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2010.0208","volume":"365","author":"D R\u00e9ale","year":"2010","unstructured":"R\u00e9ale D, Garant D, Humphries MM, Bergeron P, Careau V, Montiglio P-O (2010) Personality and the emergence of the pace-of-life syndrome concept at the population level. Philos Trans R Soc B 365:4051\u20134063","journal-title":"Philos Trans R Soc B"},{"key":"2793_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-5347(02)02578-8","volume":"17","author":"RE Ricklefs","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ricklefs RE, Wikelski M (2002) The physiology\/life-history nexus. Trends Ecol Evol 17:462\u2013468","journal-title":"Trends Ecol Evol"},{"key":"2793_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-6480(02)00064-3","volume":"128","author":"LM Romero","year":"2002","unstructured":"Romero LM (2002) Seasonal changes in plasma glucocorticoid concentrations in free-living vertebrates. Gen Comp Endocrinol 128:1\u201324","journal-title":"Gen Comp Endocrinol"},{"key":"2793_CR56","unstructured":"Rychlik L (1998) Evolution of social systems in shrews. In: Wojcik JM, Wolsan M (eds) Evolution of shrews. Mammal Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Bia\u0142owie\u017ca, Poland, pp 347\u2013406"},{"key":"2793_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rychlik L (2000) Habitat preferences of four sympatric species of shrews. Acta Theriol 45, Suppl. 1:173\u2013190","DOI":"10.4098\/AT.arch.00-72"},{"key":"2793_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03192627","volume":"50","author":"L Rychlik","year":"2005","unstructured":"Rychlik L, Zwolak R (2005) Behavioural mechanisms of conflict avoidance among shrews. Acta Theriol 50:289\u2013308","journal-title":"Acta Theriol"},{"key":"2793_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1139\/z06-017","volume":"84","author":"L Rychlik","year":"2006","unstructured":"Rychlik L, Zwolak R (2006) Interspecific aggression and behavioural dominance among four sympatric species of shrews. Can J Zool 84:434\u2013448","journal-title":"Can J Zool"},{"key":"2793_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1007\/s00265-018-2546-y","volume":"72","author":"F Santicchia","year":"2018","unstructured":"Santicchia F, Gagnaison C, Bisi F, Martinoli A, Matthysen E, Bertolino S, Wauters LA (2018) Habitat-dependent effects of personality on survival and reproduction in red squirrels. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 72:134","journal-title":"Behav Ecol Sociobiol"},{"key":"2793_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00376932","volume":"75","author":"RD Semlitsch","year":"1988","unstructured":"Semlitsch RD, Gibbons JW (1988) Fish predation in size-structured populations of treefrog tadpoles. Oecologia 75:321\u2013326","journal-title":"Oecologia"},{"key":"2793_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tree.2004.04.009","volume":"19","author":"A Sih","year":"2004","unstructured":"Sih A, Bell A, Johnson JC (2004a) Behavioral syndromes: an ecological and evolutionary overview. Trends Ecol Evol 19:372\u2013378","journal-title":"Trends Ecol Evol"},{"key":"2793_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1086\/422893","volume":"79","author":"A Sih","year":"2004","unstructured":"Sih A, Bell AM, Johnson JC, Ziemba RE (2004b) Behavioral syndromes: an integrative overview. Q Rev Biol 79:241\u2013277","journal-title":"Q Rev Biol"},{"key":"2793_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tree.2014.11.004","volume":"30","author":"A Sih","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sih A, Mathot KJ, Moir\u00f3n M, Montiglio P-O, Wolf M, Dingemanse NJ (2015) Animal personality and state\u2013behaviour feedbacks: a review and guide for empiricists. Trends Ecol Evol 30:50\u201360","journal-title":"Trends Ecol Evol"},{"key":"2793_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1007\/s00265-018-2463-0","volume":"72","author":"D Sol","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sol D, Maspons J, Gonzalez-Voyer A, Morales-Castilla I, Garamszegi LZ, M\u00f8ller AP (2018) Risk-taking behavior, urbanization and the pace of life in birds. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 72:59","journal-title":"Behav Ecol Sociobiol"},{"key":"2793_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20151768","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2015.1768","volume":"282","author":"O Spiegel","year":"2015","unstructured":"Spiegel O, Leu ST, Sih A, Godfrey SS, Bull CM (2015) When the going gets tough: behavioural type-dependent space use in the sleepy lizard changes as the season dries. Proc R Soc B 282:20151768","journal-title":"Proc R Soc B"},{"key":"2793_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1461-0248.2007.01034.x","volume":"10","author":"JA Stamps","year":"2007","unstructured":"Stamps JA (2007) Growth-mortality tradeoffs and \u2018personality traits\u2019 in animals. Ecol Lett 10:355\u2013363","journal-title":"Ecol Lett"},{"key":"2793_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.2307\/2389364","volume":"3","author":"SC Stearns","year":"1989","unstructured":"Stearns SC (1989) Trade-offs in life-history evolution. Funct Ecol 3:259\u2013268","journal-title":"Funct Ecol"},{"key":"2793_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.08.003","volume":"52","author":"A Strauss","year":"2007","unstructured":"Strauss A, Mascher E, Palme R, Millesi E (2007) Sexually mature and immature yearling male European ground squirrels: a comparison of behavioral and physiological parameters. Horm Behav 52:646\u2013652","journal-title":"Horm Behav"},{"key":"2793_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1644\/11-MAMM-A-364.1","volume":"94","author":"JT Tapisso","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tapisso JT, Ramalhinho MG, Mathias ML, Rychlik L (2013) Ecological release: swimming and diving behavior of an allopatric population of the Mediterranean water shrew. J Mammal 94:29\u201339","journal-title":"J Mammal"},{"key":"2793_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1038\/189732a0","volume":"189","author":"L Taylor","year":"1961","unstructured":"Taylor L (1961) Aggregation, variance and the mean. Nature 189:732\u2013735","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2793_CR72","unstructured":"Taylor JRE (1998) Evolution of energetic strategies in shrews. In: Wojcik JM, Wolsan M (eds) Evolution of shrews. Mammal Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Bia\u0142owie\u017ca, Poland, pp 309\u2013346"},{"key":"2793_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.1006\/anbe.1994.1344","volume":"48","author":"ME Verbeek","year":"1994","unstructured":"Verbeek ME, Drent PJ, Wiepkema PR (1994) Consistent individual differences in early exploratory behaviour of male great tits. Anim Behav 48:1113\u20131121","journal-title":"Anim Behav"},{"key":"2793_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anbehav.2017.02.021","volume":"127","author":"S von Merten","year":"2017","unstructured":"von Merten S, Zwolak R, Rychlik L (2017) Social personality: a more social shrew species exhibits stronger differences in personality types. Anim Behav 127:125\u2013134","journal-title":"Anim Behav"},{"key":"2793_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1111\/brv.12131","volume":"90","author":"DF Westneat","year":"2015","unstructured":"Westneat DF, Wright J, Dingemanse NJ (2015) The biology hidden inside residual within-individual phenotypic variation. Biol Rev 90:729\u2013743","journal-title":"Biol Rev"},{"key":"2793_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9340","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0702212104","volume":"104","author":"P Wiersma","year":"2007","unstructured":"Wiersma P, Mu\u00f1oz-Garcia A, Walker A, Williams JB (2007) Tropical birds have a slow pace of life. P Natl Acad Sci USA 104:9340\u20139345","journal-title":"P Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2793_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.1998.0202","volume":"353","author":"DS Wilson","year":"1998","unstructured":"Wilson DS (1998) Adaptive individual differences within single populations. Philos Trans R Soc B 353:199\u2013205","journal-title":"Philos Trans R Soc B"},{"key":"2793_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tree.2012.05.001","volume":"27","author":"M Wolf","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wolf M, Weissing FJ (2012) Animal personalities: consequences for ecology and evolution. Trends Ecol Evol 27:452\u2013461","journal-title":"Trends Ecol Evol"},{"key":"2793_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05835","volume":"447","author":"M Wolf","year":"2007","unstructured":"Wolf M, van Doorn GS, Leimar O, Weissing FJ (2007) Life-history trade-offs favour the evolution of animal personalities. Nature 447:581\u2013585","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2793_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1111\/brv.12451","volume":"94","author":"J Wright","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wright J, Bolstad GH, Araya-Ajoy YG, Dingemanse NJ (2019) Life-history evolution under fluctuating density-dependent selection and the adaptive alignment of pace-of-life syndromes. Biol Rev 94:230\u2013247","journal-title":"Biol Rev"}],"container-title":["Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00265-019-2793-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00265-019-2793-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00265-019-2793-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,13]],"date-time":"2021-01-13T21:33:31Z","timestamp":1610573611000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00265-019-2793-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,14]]},"references-count":80,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]}},"alternative-id":["2793"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00265-019-2793-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["0340-5443","1432-0762"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0340-5443"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1432-0762"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"16 September 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 December 2019","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 December 2019","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 January 2020","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"All applicable international, national, and\/or institutional guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed. Capturing and testing were conducted with approval from the relevant governmental review board of each region: Regionalna Dyrekcja Ochrony \u015arodowiska w Poznaniu (WPN-II.6401.143.2013.AG) for Pozna\u0144, Poland; Regierung von Oberbayern (55.1-8642-8-2007) for Starnberg, Germany; Regierungspr\u00e4sidium Freiburg (35-9185.81\/G-14\/55) for Konstanz, Germany; and Minist\u00e9rio da Agricultura, do Mar do Ambiente e do Ordenamento do Territ\u00f3rio (01\/2014\/CAPT) for Portugal.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}}],"article-number":"15"}}