{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T22:48:35Z","timestamp":1778021315765,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,17]],"date-time":"2004-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1100649600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Neuropathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,2]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-004-0936-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,16]],"date-time":"2004-11-16T16:15:20Z","timestamp":1100621720000},"page":"207-210","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":72,"title":["Mutation analysis of B-RAF gene in human gliomas"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"109","author":[{"given":"Diana","family":"Basto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"V\ufffdtor","family":"Trovisco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jos\ufffd M.","family":"Lopes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Albino","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Pardal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Paula","family":"Soares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Rui M.","family":"Reis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"CR1","first-page":"1436","volume":"4","author":"Bollag","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bollag G, Freeman S, Lyons JF, Post LE (2003) Raf pathway inhibitors in oncology. Curr Opin Investig Drugs 4:1436?1441","journal-title":"Curr Opin Investig Drugs"},{"key":"CR2","first-page":"4682","volume":"49","author":"Bos","year":"1989","unstructured":"Bos JL (1989) ras oncogenes in human cancer: a review. Cancer Res 49:4682?4689","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1038\/nature00766","volume":"417","author":"Davies","year":"2002","unstructured":"Davies H, Bignell GR, Cox C, Stephens P, Edkins S, Clegg S, Teague J, Woffendin H, Garnett MJ, Bottomley W, et al (2002) Mutations of the BRAF gene in human cancer. Nature 417:949?954","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"CR4","first-page":"3826","volume":"61","author":"Ding","year":"2001","unstructured":"Ding H, Roncari L, Shannon P, Wu X, Lau N, Karaskova J, Gutmann DH, Squire JA, Nagy A, Guha A (2001) Astrocyte-specific expression of activated p21-ras results in malignant astrocytoma formation in a transgenic mouse model of human gliomas. Cancer Res 61:3826?3836","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc969","volume":"3","author":"Downward","year":"2003","unstructured":"Downward J (2003) Targeting RAS signaling pathways in cancer therapy. Nat Rev Cancer 3:11?22","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"key":"CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1097\/00019052-199512000-00002","volume":"8","author":"Forsyth","year":"1995","unstructured":"Forsyth PA, Cairncross JG (1995) Treatment of malignant glioma in adults. Curr Opin Neurol 8:414?418","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurol"},{"key":"CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2755","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1201455","volume":"15","author":"Guha","year":"1997","unstructured":"Guha A, Feldkamp MM, Lau N, Boss G, Pawson A (1997) Proliferation of human malignant astrocytomas is dependent on Ras activation. Oncogene 15:2755?2765","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1097\/00001622-200105000-00005","volume":"13","author":"Gurney","year":"2001","unstructured":"Gurney JG, Kadan-Lottick N (2001) Brain and other central nervous system tumors: rates, trends, and epidemiology. Curr Opin Oncol 13:160?166","journal-title":"Curr Opin Oncol"},{"key":"CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1038\/75596","volume":"25","author":"Holland","year":"2000","unstructured":"Holland EC, Celestino J, Dai C, Schaefer L, Sawaya RE, Fuller GN (2000) Combined activation of Ras and Akt in neural progenitors induces glioblastoma formation in mice. Nat Genet 25:55?57","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"CR10","unstructured":"Kleihues P, Cavenee WK (2000) Pathology and genetics of tumours of the nervous system, 2nd edn. IARC Press, Lyon"},{"key":"CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3510289","volume":"351","author":"Kolch","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kolch W (2000) Meaningful relationships: the regulation of the Ras\/Raf\/MEK\/ERK pathway by protein interactions. Biochem J 351:289?305","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"CR12","first-page":"3362","volume":"9","author":"Kumar","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kumar R, Angelini S, Czene K, Sauroja I, Hahka-Kemppinen M, Pyhonen S, Hemminki K (2003) BRAF mutations in metastatic melanomas: a possible association with clinical outcome. Clin Cancer Res 9:3362?3368","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1054","volume":"33","author":"Pollock","year":"2003","unstructured":"Pollock PM, Harper UL, Hansen KS, Yudt LM, Stark M, Robbins CM, Moses TY, Hostetter G, Wagner U, Kakareka J, et al (2003) High frequency of BRAF mutations in nevi. Nat Genet 33:19?20","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1038\/418934a","volume":"418","author":"Rajagopalan","year":"2002","unstructured":"Rajagopalan H, Bardelli A, Lengauer C, Kinzler KW, Vogelstein B, Velculescu VE (2002) Tumorigenesis: RAF\/RAS oncogenes and mismatch-repair status. Nature 418:934","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4218","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.80.14.4218","volume":"80","author":"Rapp","year":"1983","unstructured":"Rapp UR, Goldsborough MD, Mark GE, Bonner TI, Groffen J, Reynolds FH Jr, Stephenson JR (1983) Structure and biological activity of v-raf, a unique oncogene transduced by a retrovirus. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 80:4218?4222","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)64746-3","volume":"156","author":"Reis","year":"2000","unstructured":"Reis RM, Konu-Lebleblicioglu D, Lopes JM, Kleihues P, Ohgaki H (2000) Genetic profile of gliosarcomas. Am J Pathol 156:425?432","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/S0955-0674(97)80061-0","volume":"9","author":"Robinson","year":"1997","unstructured":"Robinson MJ, Cobb MH (1997) Mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. Curr Opin Cell Biol 9:180?186","journal-title":"Curr Opin Cell Biol"},{"key":"CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4578","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1206706","volume":"22","author":"Soares","year":"2003","unstructured":"Soares P, Trovisco V, Rocha AS, Lima J, Castro P, Preto A, Maximo V, Botelho T, Seruca R, Sobrinho-Simoes M (2003) BRAF mutations and RET\/PTC rearrangements are alternative events in the etiopathogenesis of PTC. Oncogene 22:4578?4580","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"CR19","first-page":"4956","volume":"61","author":"Sonoda","year":"2001","unstructured":"Sonoda Y, Ozawa T, Hirose Y, Aldape KD, McMahon M, Berger MS, Pieper RO (2001) Formation of intracranial tumors by genetically modified human astrocytes defines four pathways critical in the development of human anaplastic astrocytoma. Cancer Res 61:4956?4960","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1006091608586","volume":"40","author":"Surawicz","year":"1998","unstructured":"Surawicz TS, Davis F, Freels S, Laws ER, Menck HR (1998) Brain tumor survival: results from the National Cancer Data Base. J Neurooncol 40:151?160","journal-title":"J Neurooncol"},{"key":"CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(04)00215-6","volume":"116","author":"Wan","year":"2004","unstructured":"Wan PT, Garnett MJ, Roe SM, Lee S, Niculescu-Duvaz D, Good VM, Jones CM, Marshall CJ, Springer CJ, Barford D, Marais R (2004) Mechanism of activation of the RAF-ERK signaling pathway by oncogenic mutations of B-RAF. Cell 116:855?867","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc866","volume":"2","author":"Zhu","year":"2002","unstructured":"Zhu Y, Parada LF (2002) The molecular and genetic basis of neurological tumours. Nat Rev Cancer 2:616?626","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"}],"container-title":["Acta Neuropathologica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00401-004-0936-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00401-004-0936-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00401-004-0936-x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,28]],"date-time":"2019-05-28T17:22:58Z","timestamp":1559064178000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00401-004-0936-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,17]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,2]]}},"alternative-id":["936"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00401-004-0936-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["0001-6322","1432-0533"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0001-6322","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-0533","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,17]]}}}