{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T05:30:50Z","timestamp":1775107850313,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,10]],"date-time":"2020-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1599696000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,10]],"date-time":"2020-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1599696000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EXALAR 21 02\/SAICT\/2017 - Project n\u00ba 30193"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EXALAR 21 02\/SAICT\/2017 - Project n\u00ba 30193"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["Project NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000010 \u2013 Health, Comfort and Energy in the Built Environment (HEBE), cofinanced by Programa Operacional Regional do Norte (NORTE2020), through Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional (FEDER)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Project NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000010 \u2013 Health, Comfort and Energy in the Built Environment (HEBE), cofinanced by Programa Operacional Regional do Norte (NORTE2020), through Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional (FEDER)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Pediatr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-020-03798-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,10]],"date-time":"2020-09-10T14:05:21Z","timestamp":1599746721000},"page":"535-545","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["A cross-sectional study of the impact of school neighbourhood on children obesity and body composition"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"180","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5762-7814","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"In\u00eas","family":"Paci\u00eancia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Cavaleiro Rufo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Francisca","family":"Mendes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Mariana","family":"Farraia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Cunha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Lu\u00eds","family":"Delgado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Patr\u00edcia","family":"Padr\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Moreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Moreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"3798_CR1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2018) Obesity and overweight. http:\/\/www.who.int\/en\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/obesity-and-overweight. Accessed 04 Jan 2020"},{"issue":"2","key":"3798_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.12334","volume":"17","author":"M Simmonds","year":"2016","unstructured":"Simmonds M, Llewellyn A, Owen CG, Woolacott N (2016) Predicting adult obesity from childhood obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev 17(2):95\u2013107. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/obr.12334","journal-title":"Obes Rev"},{"issue":"7","key":"3798_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1007\/s40273-014-0243-x","volume":"33","author":"A Hruby","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hruby A, Hu FB (2015) The epidemiology of obesity: a big picture. Pharmacoeconomics 33(7):673\u2013689. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40273-014-0243-x","journal-title":"Pharmacoeconomics"},{"issue":"7","key":"3798_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e263","DOI":"10.1016\/S2542-5196(17)30123-7","volume":"1","author":"I Paci\u00eancia","year":"2017","unstructured":"Paci\u00eancia I, Moreira A (2017) Human health: is it who you are or where you live? Lancet Planet Health 1(7):e263\u2013e264. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2542-5196(17)30123-7","journal-title":"Lancet Planet Health"},{"issue":"9793","key":"3798_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60813-1","volume":"378","author":"BA Swinburn","year":"2011","unstructured":"Swinburn BA, Sacks G, Hall KD, McPherson K, Finegood DT, Moodie ML, Gortmaker SL (2011) Obesity 1 The global obesity pandemic: shaped by global drivers and local environments. Lancet 378(9793):804\u2013814. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60813-1","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"3798_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.4274\/jcrpe.1984","volume":"7","author":"O Pirgon","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pirgon O, Aslan N (2015) The role of urbanization in childhood obesity. J Clin Res Pediatr E 7(3):163\u2013167. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4274\/jcrpe.1984","journal-title":"J Clin Res Pediatr E"},{"issue":"1","key":"3798_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1177\/1757913916679860","volume":"137","author":"T Townshend","year":"2017","unstructured":"Townshend T, Lake A (2017) Obesogenic environments: current evidence of the built and food environments. Perspect Public Health 137(1):38\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1757913916679860","journal-title":"Perspect Public Health"},{"key":"3798_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-14-233","volume":"14","author":"JD Mackenbach","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mackenbach JD, Rutter H, Compernolle S, Glonti K, Oppert JM, Charreire H, De Bourdeaudhuij I, Brug J, Nijpels G, Lakerveld J (2014) Obesogenic environments: a systematic review of the association between the physical environment and adult weight status, the SPOTLIGHT project. BMC Public Health 14:233. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2458-14-233","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"3798_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16030464","volume":"16","author":"P Congdon","year":"2019","unstructured":"Congdon P (2019) Obesity and urban environments. Int J Environ Res Public Health 16(3):464. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph16030464","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"3798_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2017.00665","volume":"8","author":"D Guarino","year":"2017","unstructured":"Guarino D, Nannipieri M, Iervasi G, Taddei S, Bruno RM (2017) The role of the autonomic nervous system in the pathophysiology of obesity. Front Physiol 8:665. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphys.2017.00665","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3798_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E14","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.20012","volume":"21","author":"TM Powell-Wiley","year":"2013","unstructured":"Powell-Wiley TM, Ayers CR, de Lemos JA, Lakoski SG, Vega GL, Grundy S, Das SR, Banks-Richard K, Albert MA (2013) Relationship between perceptions about neighborhood environment and prevalent obesity: data from the Dallas Heart Study. Obesity (Silver Spring, Md) 21(1):E14\u2013E21. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/oby.20012","journal-title":"Obesity (Silver Spring, Md)"},{"key":"3798_CR12","unstructured":"Bronfenbrenner U (2005) Making human beings human: bioecological perspectives on human development. Sage"},{"key":"3798_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2010) Bulletin of the World Health Organization, Urbanization and health. http:\/\/www.who.int\/bulletin\/volumes\/88\/4\/10-010410\/en\/. Access on 17\/09\/2017","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.10.010410"},{"key":"3798_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kruize H, van der Vliet N, Staatsen B, Bell R, Chiabai A, Mui\u00f1os G, Higgins S, Quiroga S, Martinez-Juarez P, Aberg Yngwe M, Tsichlas F, Karnaki P, Lima ML, Garc\u00eda de Jal\u00f3n S, Khan M, Morris G, Stegeman I (2019) Urban green space: creating a triple win for environmental sustainability, health, and health equity through behavior change. Int J Environ Res Public Health 16(22). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph16224403","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16224403"},{"key":"3798_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.landurbplan.2017.08.016","volume":"170","author":"S Tappert","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tappert S, Kl\u00f6ti T, Drilling M (2018) Contested urban green spaces in the compact city: the (re-)negotiation of urban gardening in Swiss cities. Landsc Urban Plan 170:69\u201378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.landurbplan.2017.08.016","journal-title":"Landsc Urban Plan"},{"key":"3798_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2017.05.016","volume":"106","author":"C Sarkar","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sarkar C (2017) Residential greenness and adiposity: findings from the UK Biobank. Environ Int 106:1\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envint.2017.05.016","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"issue":"4 Suppl","key":"3798_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.4278\/0890-1171-21.4s.317","volume":"21","author":"GC Liu","year":"2007","unstructured":"Liu GC, Wilson JS, Qi R, Ying J (2007) Green neighborhoods, food retail and childhood overweight: differences by population density. Am J Health Promot 21(4 Suppl):317\u2013325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4278\/0890-1171-21.4s.317","journal-title":"Am J Health Promot"},{"issue":"8","key":"3798_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1910","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.20772","volume":"22","author":"JI Halonen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Halonen JI, Kivimaki M, Pentti J, Stenholm S, Kawachi I, Subramanian SV, Vahtera J (2014) Green and blue areas as predictors of overweight and obesity in an 8-year follow-up study. Obesity (Silver Spring) 22(8):1910\u20131917. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/oby.20772","journal-title":"Obesity (Silver Spring)"},{"issue":"1","key":"3798_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/ckx037","volume":"28","author":"AAH Schalkwijk","year":"2018","unstructured":"Schalkwijk AAH, van der Zwaard BC, Nijpels G, Elders PJM, Platt L (2018) The impact of greenspace and condition of the neighbourhood on child overweight. Eur J Pub Health 28(1):88\u201394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurpub\/ckx037","journal-title":"Eur J Pub Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"3798_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.10.002","volume":"6","author":"P Permaul","year":"2018","unstructured":"Permaul P, Phipatanakul W (2018) School environmental intervention programs. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 6(1):22\u201329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.10.002","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"2","key":"3798_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159S","DOI":"10.3945\/an.111.000307","volume":"2","author":"KM Flegal","year":"2011","unstructured":"Flegal KM, Ogden CL (2011) Childhood obesity: are we all speaking the same language? Adv Nutr (Bethesda, Md) 2(2):159S\u2013166S. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3945\/an.111.000307","journal-title":"Adv Nutr (Bethesda, Md)"},{"key":"3798_CR22","unstructured":"Instituto Nacional de Estat\u00edstica (2019) Estimativas Provis\u00f3rias de Popula\u00e7\u00e3o Residente (Provisional Estimates of Resident Population)"},{"issue":"2","key":"3798_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ufug.2010.12.004","volume":"10","author":"H Madureira","year":"2011","unstructured":"Madureira H, Andresen T, Monteiro A (2011) Green structure and planning evolution in Porto. Urban For Urban Green 10(2):141\u2013149","journal-title":"Urban For Urban Green"},{"issue":"13-14","key":"3798_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1080\/15287394.2015.1048926","volume":"78","author":"J Madureira","year":"2015","unstructured":"Madureira J, Paciencia I, Ramos E, Barros H, Pereira C, Teixeira JP, Fernandes Ede O (2015) Children's health and indoor air quality in primary schools and homes in Portugal-study design. J Toxicol Environ Health A 78(13-14):915\u2013930. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15287394.2015.1048926","journal-title":"J Toxicol Environ Health A"},{"issue":"3","key":"3798_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.04.00090303","volume":"24","author":"SK Weiland","year":"2004","unstructured":"Weiland SK, Bj\u00f6rkst\u00e9n B, Brunekreef B, Cookson WOC, von Mutius E, Strachan DP (2004) Phase II of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC II): rationale and methods. Eur Respir J 24(3):406","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"3","key":"3798_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.95.08030483","volume":"8","author":"MI Asher","year":"1995","unstructured":"Asher MI, Keil U, Anderson HR, Beasley R, Crane J, Martinez F, Mitchell EA, Pearce N, Sibbald B, Stewart AW, Strachan D, Weiland SK, Williams HC (1995) International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (Isaac) - Rationale and Methods. Eur Respir J 8(3):483\u2013491. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/09031936.95.08030483","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"3798_CR27","unstructured":"Gibney MJ, Lanham-New SA, Cassidy A, HH V (2009) Introduction to human nutrition. John Wiley & Sons"},{"issue":"12","key":"3798_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1431","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8223(93)92247-U","volume":"93","author":"LA Lytle","year":"1993","unstructured":"Lytle LA, Nichaman MZ, Obarzanek E, Glovsky E, Montgomery D, Nicklas T, Zive M, Feldman H (1993) Validation of 24-hour recalls assisted by food records in third-grade children. J Am Diet Assoc 93(12):1431\u20131436. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0002-8223(93)92247-U","journal-title":"J Am Diet Assoc"},{"issue":"10","key":"3798_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2207","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.13248","volume":"28","author":"Y-G Seo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Seo Y-G, Kim JH, Kim Y, Lim H, Ju Y-S, Kang MJ, Lee K, Lee H-J, Jang HB, Park SI, Park KH (2018) Validation of body composition using bioelectrical impedance analysis in children according to the degree of obesity. Scand J Med Sci Sports 28(10):2207\u20132215. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/sms.13248","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports"},{"issue":"6","key":"3798_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.3390\/nu8060371","volume":"8","author":"C Delisle Nystr\u00f6m","year":"2016","unstructured":"Delisle Nystr\u00f6m C, Henriksson P, Alexandrou C, L\u00f6f M (2016) The Tanita SC-240 to assess body composition in pre-school children: an evaluation against the three component model. Nutrients 8(6):371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu8060371","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"Supplement 4","key":"3798_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S164","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2007-2329C","volume":"120","author":"SE Barlow","year":"2007","unstructured":"Barlow SE (2007) Expert committee recommendations regarding the prevention, assessment, and treatment of child and adolescent overweight and obesity: summary report. Pediatrics 120(Supplement 4):S164","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"3798_CR32","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2006) WHO child growth standards : length\/height-for-age, weight-for-age, weight-for-length, weight-for-height and body mass index-for-age : methods and development"},{"issue":"4","key":"3798_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2047-6310.2012.00064.x","volume":"7","author":"TJ Cole","year":"2012","unstructured":"Cole TJ, Lobstein T (2012) Extended international (IOTF) body mass index cut-offs for thinness, overweight and obesity. Pediatr Obes 7(4):284\u2013294. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.2047-6310.2012.00064.x","journal-title":"Pediatr Obes"},{"issue":"4","key":"3798_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0803232","volume":"30","author":"HD McCarthy","year":"2006","unstructured":"McCarthy HD, Cole TJ, Fry T, Jebb SA, Prentice AM (2006) Body fat reference curves for children. Int J Obes 30(4):598\u2013602","journal-title":"Int J Obes"},{"issue":"2","key":"3798_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-789X.2004.00136.x","volume":"5","author":"M Neovius","year":"2004","unstructured":"Neovius M, Linn\u00e9 Y, Barkeling B, R\u00f6ssner S (2004) Discrepancies between classification systems of childhood obesity. Obes Rev 5(2):105\u2013114","journal-title":"Obes Rev"},{"key":"3798_CR36","unstructured":"European Commission (2011) Urban Atlas Mapping Guide. European Commission"},{"issue":"4 Suppl","key":"3798_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2009.01.005","volume":"36","author":"RC Brownson","year":"2009","unstructured":"Brownson RC, Hoehner CM, Day K, Forsyth A, Sallis JF (2009) Measuring the built environment for physical activity: state of the science. Am J Prev Med 36(4 Suppl):S99\u2013S123 e112. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amepre.2009.01.005","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"3798_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15156","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-51659-y","volume":"9","author":"I Paci\u00eancia","year":"2019","unstructured":"Paci\u00eancia I, Rufo JC, Silva D, Martins C, Mendes F, Rama T, Rodolfo A, Madureira J, Delgado L, de Oliveira Fernandes E, Padr\u00e3o P, Moreira P, Severo M, Pina MF, Teixeira JP, Barros H, Ruokolainen L, Haahtela T, Moreira A (2019) School environment associates with lung function and autonomic nervous system activity in children: a cross-sectional study. Sci Rep 9(1):15156. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-019-51659-y","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"7","key":"3798_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph14070675","volume":"14","author":"M Browning","year":"2017","unstructured":"Browning M, Lee K (2017) Within what distance does \"greenness\" best predict physical health? A systematic review of articles with GIS buffer analyses across the lifespan. Int J Environ Res Public Health 14(7):675. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph14070675","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"3798_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2019.02.008","volume":"126","author":"JG Su","year":"2019","unstructured":"Su JG, Dadvand P, Nieuwenhuijsen MJ, Bartoll X, Jerrett M (2019) Associations of green space metrics with health and behavior outcomes at different buffer sizes and remote sensing sensor resolutions. Environ Int 126:162\u2013170. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envint.2019.02.008","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"issue":"6","key":"3798_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2006.07.028","volume":"31","author":"TA Glass","year":"2006","unstructured":"Glass TA, Rasmussen MD, Schwartz BS (2006) Neighborhoods and obesity in older adults: the Baltimore Memory Study. Am J Prev Med 31(6):455\u2013463. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amepre.2006.07.028","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"3798_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1007\/s11121-013-0414-6","volume":"15","author":"DR Hale","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hale DR, Patalay P, Fitzgerald-Yau N, Hargreaves DS, Bond L, Gorzig A, Wolpert M, Stansfeld SA, Viner RM (2014) School-level variation in health outcomes in adolescence: analysis of three longitudinal studies in England. Prev Sci 15(4):600\u2013610. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11121-013-0414-6","journal-title":"Prev Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"3798_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1207\/s15326985ep3401_3","volume":"34","author":"GJ Duncan","year":"1999","unstructured":"Duncan GJ, Raudenbush SW (1999) Assessing the effects of context in studies of child and youth development. Educ Psychol-Us 34(1):29\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1207\/s15326985ep3401_3","journal-title":"Educ Psychol-Us"},{"issue":"3","key":"3798_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e689","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2013-2690","volume":"133","author":"A Lundahl","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lundahl A, Kidwell KM, Nelson TD (2014) Parental underestimates of child weight: a meta-analysis. Pediatrics 133(3):e689\u2013e703. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2013-2690","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"4","key":"3798_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0803300","volume":"30","author":"A Must","year":"2006","unstructured":"Must A, Anderson SE (2006) Body mass index in children and adolescents: considerations for population-based applications. Int J Obes (2005 30(4):590\u2013594. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/sj.ijo.0803300","journal-title":"Int J Obes"},{"issue":"5","key":"3798_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1002\/ajhb.21056","volume":"22","author":"G Peltz","year":"2010","unstructured":"Peltz G, Aguirre MT, Sanderson M, Fadden MK (2010) The role of fat mass index in determining obesity. Am J Hum Biol 22(5):639\u2013647. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajhb.21056","journal-title":"Am J Hum Biol"},{"issue":"2","key":"3798_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1602714","volume":"62","author":"CM Wright","year":"2008","unstructured":"Wright CM, Sherriff A, Ward SC, McColl JH, Reilly JJ, Ness AR (2008) Development of bioelectrical impedance-derived indices of fat and fat-free mass for assessment of nutritional status in childhood. Eur J Clin Nutr 62(2):210\u2013217. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1602714","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"1","key":"3798_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1007\/s13679-012-0042-7","volume":"2","author":"YN Ang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ang YN, Wee BS, Poh BK, Ismail MN (2013) Multifactorial influences of childhood obesity. Curr Obes Rep 2(1):10\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13679-012-0042-7","journal-title":"Curr Obes Rep"},{"issue":"6","key":"3798_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1501","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2006.02.027","volume":"117","author":"R Barros","year":"2006","unstructured":"Barros R, Moreira A, Fonseca J, Moreira P, Fernandes L, de Oliveira JF, Delgado L, Castel-Branco MG (2006) Obesity and airway inflammation in asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 117(6):1501\u20131502. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaci.2006.02.027","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"3798_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1007\/s40471-015-0043-7","volume":"2","author":"P James","year":"2015","unstructured":"James P, Banay RF, Hart JE, Laden F (2015) A review of the health benefits of greenness. Curr Epidemiol Rep 2(2):131\u2013142. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40471-015-0043-7","journal-title":"Curr Epidemiol Rep"},{"issue":"12","key":"3798_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.12463","volume":"17","author":"Y Wang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wang Y, Hollis-Hansen K, Ren X, Qiu Y, Qu W (2016) Do environmental pollutants increase obesity risk in humans? Obes Rev 17(12):1179\u20131197. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/obr.12463","journal-title":"Obes Rev"},{"issue":"Supplement C","key":"3798_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmedr.2017.05.020","volume":"7","author":"CK Wilhelmsen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wilhelmsen CK, Skalleberg K, Raanaas RK, Tveite H, Aamodt G (2017) Associations between green area in school neighbourhoods and overweight and obesity among Norwegian adolescents. Prev Med Rep 7(Supplement C):99\u2013105. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pmedr.2017.05.020","journal-title":"Prev Med Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"3798_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2004.03.006","volume":"27","author":"N Owen","year":"2004","unstructured":"Owen N, Humpel N, Leslie E, Bauman A, Sallis JF (2004) Understanding environmental influences on walking - review and research agenda. Am J Prev Med 27(1):67\u201376. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amepre.2004.03.006","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"3798_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2008.07.006","volume":"35","author":"JF Bell","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bell JF, Wilson JS, Liu GC (2008) Neighborhood greenness and 2-year changes in body mass index of children and youth. Am J Prev Med 35(6):547\u2013553. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amepre.2008.07.006","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"3798_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ampre.2004.10.024","volume":"28","author":"AL Bedimo-Rung","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bedimo-Rung AL, Mowen AJ, Cohen DA (2005) The significance of parks to physical activity and public health - a conceptual model. Am J Prev Med 28(2):159\u2013168. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ampre.2004.10.024","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"3798_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.4278\/ajhp.110809-QUAN-304","volume":"27","author":"A Rundle","year":"2013","unstructured":"Rundle A, Quinn J, Lovasi G, Bader MDM, Yousefzadeh P, Weiss C, Neckerman K (2013) Associations between body mass index and park proximity, size, cleanliness, and recreational facilities. Am J Health Promot 27(4):262\u2013269. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4278\/ajhp.110809-QUAN-304","journal-title":"Am J Health Promot"},{"issue":"2","key":"3798_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1038\/s41366-019-0387-z","volume":"44","author":"T Norris","year":"2020","unstructured":"Norris T, Bann D, Hardy R, Johnson W (2020) Socioeconomic inequalities in childhood-to-adulthood BMI tracking in three British birth cohorts. Int J Obes 44(2):388\u2013398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41366-019-0387-z","journal-title":"Int J Obes"},{"issue":"8","key":"3798_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph14080916","volume":"14","author":"E Hoffimann","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hoffimann E, Barros H, Ribeiro AI (2017) Socioeconomic inequalities in green space quality and accessibility-evidence from a Southern European City. Int J Environ Res Public Health 14(8):916. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph14080916","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"7","key":"3798_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-019-03390-z","volume":"178","author":"CMP Roscoe","year":"2019","unstructured":"Roscoe CMP, James RS, Duncan MJ (2019) Accelerometer-based physical activity levels, fundamental movement skills and weight status in British preschool children from a deprived area. Eur J Pediatr 178(7):1043\u20131052. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00431-019-03390-z","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"key":"3798_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Markevych I, Fuertes E, Tiesler CMT, Birk M, Bauer CP, Koletzko S, von Berg A, Berdel D, Heinrich J (2014) Surrounding greenness and birth weight: results from the GINIplus and LISAplus birth cohorts in Munich. Health Place 26C. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.healthplace.2013.12.001","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthplace.2013.12.001"},{"key":"3798_CR61","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2016) Urban green spaces and health."},{"key":"3798_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2017.05.014","volume":"162","author":"KV Abhijith","year":"2017","unstructured":"Abhijith KV, Kumar P, Gallagher J, McNabola A, Baldauf R, Pilla F, Broderick B, Di Sabatino S, Pulvirenti B (2017) Air pollution abatement performances of green infrastructure in open road and built-up street canyon environments \u2013 a review. Atmos Environ 162:71\u201386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2017.05.014","journal-title":"Atmos Environ"},{"issue":"2","key":"3798_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1007\/s11154-007-9049-x","volume":"8","author":"F Grun","year":"2007","unstructured":"Grun F, Blumberg B (2007) Perturbed nuclear receptor signaling by environmental obesogens as emerging factors in the obesity crisis. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 8(2):161\u2013171. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11154-007-9049-x","journal-title":"Rev Endocr Metab Disord"},{"issue":"2","key":"3798_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1089\/107555302317371479","volume":"8","author":"PF Baillie-Hamilton","year":"2002","unstructured":"Baillie-Hamilton PF (2002) Chemical toxins: a hypothesis to explain the global obesity epidemic. J Altern Complement Med 8(2):185\u2013192. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/107555302317371479","journal-title":"J Altern Complement Med"},{"key":"3798_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16003","DOI":"10.1038\/npjbiofilms.2016.3","volume":"2","author":"SP Claus","year":"2016","unstructured":"Claus SP, Guillou H, Ellero-Simatos S (2016) The gut microbiota: a major player in the toxicity of environmental pollutants? NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2:16003. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/npjbiofilms.2016.3","journal-title":"NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes"},{"key":"3798_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.landurbplan.2014.01.017","volume":"125","author":"JR Wolch","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wolch JR, Byrne J, Newell JP (2014) Urban green space, public health, and environmental justice: the challenge of making cities \u2018just green enough\u2019. Landsc Urban Plan 125:234\u2013244. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.landurbplan.2014.01.017","journal-title":"Landsc Urban Plan"},{"key":"3798_CR67","unstructured":"Autran RG (2015) Neighbourhood built environment and physical activity among Portuguese adolescents. University of Porto"},{"key":"3798_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5868-10-127","volume":"10","author":"K Ord","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ord K, Mitchell R, Pearce J (2013) Is level of neighbourhood green space associated with physical activity in green space? Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 10:127\u2013127. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1479-5868-10-127","journal-title":"Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act"},{"issue":"Pt 1","key":"3798_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.10.009","volume":"121","author":"A Persson","year":"2018","unstructured":"Persson A, Pyko A, Lind T, Bellander T, Ostenson CG, Pershagen G, Eriksson C, Lohmus M (2018) Urban residential greenness and adiposity: a cohort study in Stockholm County. Environ Int 121(Pt 1):832\u2013841. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envint.2018.10.009","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"issue":"12","key":"3798_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2011.04.010","volume":"125","author":"M Ashe","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ashe M, Graff S, Spector C (2011) Changing places: policies to make a healthy choice the easy choice. Public Health 125(12):889\u2013895. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.puhe.2011.04.010","journal-title":"Public Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"3798_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthplace.2010.12.011","volume":"17","author":"B Giles-Corti","year":"2011","unstructured":"Giles-Corti B, Wood G, Pikora T, Learnihan V, Bulsara M, Van Niel K, Timperio A, McCormack G, Villanueva K (2011) School site and the potential to walk to school: the impact of street connectivity and traffic exposure in school neighborhoods. Health Place 17(2):545\u2013550. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.healthplace.2010.12.011","journal-title":"Health Place"},{"key":"3798_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2017.10.027","volume":"160","author":"JO Klompmaker","year":"2018","unstructured":"Klompmaker JO, Hoek G, Bloemsma LD, Gehring U, Strak M, Wijga AH, van den Brink C, Brunekreef B, Lebret E, Janssen NAH (2018) Green space definition affects associations of green space with overweight and physical activity. Environ Res 160:531\u2013540. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envres.2017.10.027","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"3798_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2018.01.002","volume":"4","author":"S Dempsey","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dempsey S, Lyons S, Nolan A (2018) Urban green space and obesity in older adults: evidence from Ireland. SSM Popul Health 4:206\u2013215. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ssmph.2018.01.002","journal-title":"SSM Popul Health"},{"issue":"10","key":"3798_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1531","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-018-3207-x","volume":"177","author":"SF G\u00f3mez","year":"2018","unstructured":"G\u00f3mez SF, Casas Esteve R, Subirana I, Serra-Majem L, Fletas Torrent M, Homs C, Bawaked RA, Estrada L, F\u00edto M, Schr\u00f6der H (2018) Effect of a community-based childhood obesity intervention program on changes in anthropometric variables, incidence of obesity, and lifestyle choices in Spanish children aged 8 to 10 years. Eur J Pediatr 177(10):1531\u20131539. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00431-018-3207-x","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"key":"3798_CR75","unstructured":"United Nations (2016) Sustainable development goals and related targets"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00431-020-03798-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00431-020-03798-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00431-020-03798-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,10]],"date-time":"2021-09-10T00:31:58Z","timestamp":1631233918000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00431-020-03798-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,10]]},"references-count":75,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]}},"alternative-id":["3798"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00431-020-03798-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["0340-6199","1432-1076"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0340-6199","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1076","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"29 January 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 August 2020","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"31 August 2020","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 September 2020","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this article.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The University Health Ethics Committee approved the study and written informed consent was obtained from the children\u2019s legal guardians. All research was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}}]}}