{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,15]],"date-time":"2025-11-15T17:00:12Z","timestamp":1763226012465},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,24]],"date-time":"2012-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1343088000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Tech Coloproctol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10151-012-0860-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,23]],"date-time":"2012-07-23T08:38:14Z","timestamp":1343032694000},"page":"445-450","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Defecation 2: Internal anorectal resistance is a critical factor in defecatory disorders"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Bush","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"P.","family":"Petros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M.","family":"Swash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M.","family":"Fernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"A.","family":"Gunnemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"860_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Petros P, Swash M, Bush M, Fernandez M, Gunnemann A, Zimmer M (2012) Defecation 1\u2014Testing a hypothesis for pelvic striated muscle action to open the anorectum. Tech Coloproctol (in press)","DOI":"10.1007\/s10151-012-0861-2"},{"key":"860_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02764822","volume":"8","author":"PE Petros","year":"1997","unstructured":"Petros PE, Ulmsten U (1997) Role of the pelvic floor in bladder neck opening and closure 1: muscle forces. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 8:74\u201380","journal-title":"Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct"},{"key":"860_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9290(97)00050-X","volume":"30","author":"MB Bush","year":"1997","unstructured":"Bush MB, Petros PEP, Barrett-Lennard BR (1997) On the flow through the human urethra. J Biomechanics 30:967\u2013969","journal-title":"J Biomechanics"},{"key":"860_CR4","unstructured":"Farag A (2009) The use of flow equation in functional coloproctology: a new theory in anorectal physiology. Pelviperineology 8:17\u201323"},{"key":"860_CR5","unstructured":"White FM (2002) Differential relations for a fluid particle. In: Fluid mechanics, 5th edn. McGraw Hill, Boston, pp 215\u2013275"},{"key":"860_CR6","unstructured":"Bird RB, Armstrong RC, Hassager O (1987) The generalised newtonian fluid. In: Dynamics of polymeric liquids Vol 1. Fluid dynamics, 2nd edn. Wiley, New York, pp 169\u2013233"},{"key":"860_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ritter AB, Hazelwood V, Valdevit A, Ascione AN (2011) Principles and biomedical applications of hemodynamics. In: Biomedical engineering principles, 2nd edn. Taylor and Francis, Boca Raton, USA, pp 151\u2013205","DOI":"10.1201\/b11844-8"},{"key":"860_CR8","first-page":"210","volume-title":"Proceedings of biomedical engineering 2005","author":"MB Bush","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bush MB, Moron C, Messner-Pellenc L, Petros PE, Millard R (2005) A mechanical model for the opening of the human female urethra. In: Adlassnig K-P, Bracale M (eds) Proceedings of biomedical engineering 2005. Acta Press, Austria, pp 210\u2013213"},{"key":"860_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Noakes KF, Bissett IP, Pullan AJ, Cheng LK (2006) Anatomically based computational models of the male and female pelvic floor and anal canal. In: Proceedings of the 28th IEEE EMBS annual international conference, New York City, p 3815\u20133818","DOI":"10.1109\/IEMBS.2006.259886"},{"key":"860_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1831","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-007-0265-y","volume":"50","author":"D Li","year":"2007","unstructured":"Li D, Guo M (2007) Morphology of the levator ani muscle. Dis Colon Rectum 50:1831\u20131839","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"860_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Saha P (2000) Fundamentals of extrusion. In: Aluminium extrusion Technology. ASM International, Materials Park, USA, pp 1\u201323","DOI":"10.31399\/asm.tb.aet.t68260001"},{"key":"860_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1177\/014107688507801105","volume":"78","author":"M Swash","year":"1985","unstructured":"Swash M, Snooks SJ, Henry MM (1985) A unifying concept of pelvic floor disorders and incontinence. J R Soc Med 78:906\u2013911","journal-title":"J R Soc Med"},{"key":"860_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.47.12.1269","volume":"47","author":"SJ Snooks","year":"1984","unstructured":"Snooks SJ, Barnes PR, Swash M (1984) Damage to the voluntary anal and urinary sphincter musculature in incontinence. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatr 47:1269\u20131273","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatr"},{"key":"860_CR14","first-page":"77","volume-title":"The Pelvic floor: its functions and disorders","author":"DC Bartolo","year":"2002","unstructured":"Bartolo DC, Macdonald AD (2002) Faecal continence and defecation. In: Pemberton J, Swash M, Henry MM (eds) The Pelvic floor: its functions and disorders. WB Saunders, London, pp 77\u201383"},{"key":"860_CR15","first-page":"14","volume":"33","author":"A Shafik","year":"1982","unstructured":"Shafik A (1982) A new concept of the anatomy of the anal sphincter mechanism and the physiology of defecation. XIV. Anal canal. A fallacious embryological and anatomical entity. Am J Proctol Gastroenterol Colon Rectal Surg 33:14\u201330","journal-title":"Am J Proctol Gastroenterol Colon Rectal Surg"},{"key":"860_CR16","first-page":"89","volume":"27","author":"PE Petros","year":"2008","unstructured":"Petros PE, Swash M (2008) The musculoelastic theory of anorectal function and dysfunction. Pelviperineology 27:89\u201393","journal-title":"Pelviperineology"},{"key":"860_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1215","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02257784","volume":"17","author":"F Seow-Choen","year":"1994","unstructured":"Seow-Choen F, Ho J (1994) Histoanatomy of anal glands. Dis Colon Rectum 17:1215\u20131218","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"860_CR18","first-page":"118","volume":"27","author":"B Abendstein","year":"2008","unstructured":"Abendstein B, Brugger BA, Furtschegger A, Rieger M, Petros PE (2008) Role of the uterosacral ligaments in the causation of rectal intussusception, abnormal bowel emptying, and fecal incontinence-a prospective study. Pelviperineology 27:118\u2013121","journal-title":"Pelviperineology"}],"container-title":["Techniques in Coloproctology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10151-012-0860-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10151-012-0860-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10151-012-0860-3","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,22]],"date-time":"2022-01-22T18:01:50Z","timestamp":1642874510000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10151-012-0860-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,24]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]}},"alternative-id":["860"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10151-012-0860-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1123-6337","1128-045X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1123-6337","type":"print"},{"value":"1128-045X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,24]]}}}