{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T13:31:44Z","timestamp":1777642304380,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,6]],"date-time":"2011-04-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1302048000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ocean Dynamics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10236-011-0395-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,5]],"date-time":"2011-04-05T07:34:51Z","timestamp":1301988891000},"page":"807-827","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Future wave climate over the west-European shelf seas"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Anna","family":"Zacharioudaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Shunqi","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Dave","family":"Simmonds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Vanesa","family":"Magar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Dominic E.","family":"Reeve","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"395_CR1","unstructured":"Andrade C, Pires H, Silva P, Taborda R, Freitas MC (2006). Zonas costeiras. In: Santos FD, Miranda P (eds.). Altera\u04ab\u00f5es clim\u00e1ticas em Portugal. Cen\u00e1rios, impactos e medidas de adapta\u04ab\u00e3o. Lisboa, Portugal, Gradiva. pp. 159\u2013208"},{"key":"395_CR2","first-page":"263","volume":"50","author":"C Andrade","year":"2007","unstructured":"Andrade C, Pires HO, Taborda R, Freitas MC (2007) Projecting future changes in wave climate and coastal response in Portugal by the end of the 21st century. J Coast Res 50:263\u2013257","journal-title":"J Coast Res"},{"issue":"Supplement 1","key":"395_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1007\/s10584-006-9226-z","volume":"81","author":"M Beniston","year":"2007","unstructured":"Beniston M, Stephenson DB, Christensen OB, Ferro CAT, Frei C, Goyette S, Halsnaes K, Holt T, Jylha K, Koffi B, Palutikof J, Scholl R, Semmler T, Woth K (2007) Future extreme events in European climate: an exploration of regional climate model projections. Clim Change 81(Supplement 1):71\u201395","journal-title":"Clim Change"},{"issue":"10","key":"395_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2275","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0477(1996)077<2275:TIWHIT>2.0.CO;2","volume":"77","author":"E Bouws","year":"1997","unstructured":"Bouws E, Jannink D, Komen G (1997) The increasing wave height in the North Atlantic Ocean. Bull Am Meteorol Soc 77(10):2275\u20132277","journal-title":"Bull Am Meteorol Soc"},{"issue":"21","key":"395_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5581","DOI":"10.1175\/JCLI3918.1","volume":"19","author":"S Caires","year":"2006","unstructured":"Caires S, Swail VR, Wang XL (2006) Projection and analysis of extreme wave climate. J Climate 19(21):5581\u20135605","journal-title":"J Climate"},{"key":"395_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0426(1996)013<0198:EOCOWM>2.0.CO;2","volume":"13","author":"V Cardone","year":"1996","unstructured":"Cardone V, Jensen R, Resio D, Swail V, Cox A (1996) Evaluation of contemporary ocean wave models in rare extreme events: the \u201cHalloween storm\u201d of October 1991 and the \u201cStorm of the century\u201d of March 1993\u201d. J Atmos Oceanic Technol 13:198\u2013230","journal-title":"J Atmos Oceanic Technol"},{"key":"395_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D05108","DOI":"10.1029\/2004JD004721","volume":"110","author":"CL Castro","year":"2005","unstructured":"Castro CL, Pielke RA Sr, Leoncini G (2005) Dynamical downscaling: assessment of value retained and added using the Regional Atmospheric Modelling System (RAMS). J Geophys Res 110:D05108. doi: 10.1029\/2004JD004721","journal-title":"J Geophys Res"},{"key":"395_CR8","unstructured":"Chawla A, Tolman HL (2007) Automated grid generation for WAVEWATCH III. NOAA\/NWS\/NCEP\/OMB, Technical Note 254. p 71"},{"issue":"3","key":"395_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0870.2008.00312.x","volume":"60","author":"J Debernard","year":"2008","unstructured":"Debernard J, R\u00f8ed LP (2008) Future wind, wave and storm surge climate in the Northern Seas: a revisit. Tellus A 60(3):427\u2013438","journal-title":"Tellus A"},{"key":"395_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.3354\/cr023039","volume":"23","author":"J Debernard","year":"2002","unstructured":"Debernard J, S\u00e6tra \u00d8, R\u00f8ed LP (2002) Future wind, wave and storm surge climate in the northern North Atlantic. Climate Res 23:39\u201349","journal-title":"Climate Res"},{"key":"395_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2180","DOI":"10.1175\/MWR3183.1","volume":"134","author":"F Feser","year":"2006","unstructured":"Feser F (2006) Enhanced detectability of added value in limited-area model results separated into different spatial scales. Mon Weather Rev 134:2180\u20132190","journal-title":"Mon Weather Rev"},{"key":"395_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1547","DOI":"10.1002\/joc.1556","volume":"27","author":"HJ Fowler","year":"2007","unstructured":"Fowler HJ, Blenkinsop S, Tebaldi C (2007) Linking climate change modelling to impacts studies: recent advances in downscaling techniques for hydrological modelling. Int J Climatol 27:1547\u20131578","journal-title":"Int J Climatol"},{"key":"395_CR13","volume-title":"Mathematical statistics","author":"JE Freund","year":"1992","unstructured":"Freund JE (1992) Mathematical statistics. Prentice-Hall, New Jersey, 576"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"395_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1007\/s10236-008-0141-x","volume":"58","author":"I Grabemann","year":"2008","unstructured":"Grabemann I, Weisse R (2008) Climate change impact on extreme wave conditions in the North Sea: an ensemble study. Ocean Dyn 58(3\u20134):199\u2013212","journal-title":"Ocean Dyn"},{"key":"395_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0088(199908)19:10<1091::AID-JOC403>3.0.CO;2-U","volume":"19","author":"SK Gulev","year":"1999","unstructured":"Gulev SK, Hasse L (1999) Changes in wind waves in the North Atlantic over the last 30\u00a0years. Int J Climatol 19:1091\u20131117","journal-title":"Int J Climatol"},{"issue":"8","key":"395_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1614","DOI":"10.1175\/2009JTECHO650.1","volume":"26","author":"JL Hanson","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hanson JL, Tracy BA, Tolman HL, Scott DR (2009) Pacific hindcast performance of three numerical wave models. J Atmos Oceanic Technol 26(8):1614\u20131633","journal-title":"J Atmos Oceanic Technol"},{"issue":"12","key":"395_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1283","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0088(199910)19:12<1283::AID-JOC420>3.0.CO;2-T","volume":"19","author":"JM Harold","year":"1999","unstructured":"Harold JM, Bigg GR, Turner J (1999) Mesocyclone activity over the Northeast Atlantic. Part 2: an investigation of causal mechanisms. Int J Climatol 19(12):1283\u20131299","journal-title":"Int J Climatol"},{"key":"395_CR18","unstructured":"Hawkes PJ, Bagenholm C, Gouldby BP, Ewing J (1997) Swell and bi-modal wave climate around the coast of England and Wales. Report SR 409, HR Wallingford"},{"key":"395_CR19","unstructured":"Hollweg H-D, Fast I, Hennemuth B, Keupthiel E, Lautenschlager M, Legutke S (2008) Ensemble simulations over Europe with the regional climate model CLM forced with IPCC AR4 global scenarios. M&D Technical Report No. 3, Hamburg"},{"key":"395_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511618536","volume-title":"Waves in oceanic and coastal waters","author":"LH Holthuijsen","year":"2007","unstructured":"Holthuijsen LH (2007) Waves in oceanic and coastal waters. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, p 404"},{"key":"395_CR21","volume-title":"Climate change 2007. Fourth assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change","author":"IPCC AR4","year":"2007","unstructured":"IPCC AR4 (2007) Climate change 2007. Fourth assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge"},{"key":"395_CR22","first-page":"559","volume-title":"Special report on emissions scenarios (SRES). A special report of working group III of the intergovernmental panel on climate change","author":"IPCC SRES","year":"2000","unstructured":"IPCC SRES (2000) Special report on emissions scenarios (SRES). A special report of working group III of the intergovernmental panel on climate change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, p 559"},{"key":"395_CR23","volume-title":"Scenarios for extra-tropical storm and wave activity: methodologies and results. ECLAT-2 blue workshop, climate scenarios for water related and coastal impact","author":"E Kaas","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kaas E, Andersen U (2000) Scenarios for extra-tropical storm and wave activity: methodologies and results. ECLAT-2 blue workshop, climate scenarios for water related and coastal impact. KNMI, Netherlands"},{"key":"395_CR24","unstructured":"Kaas E, Andersen U, Flather RA, Willimas JA, Blackman DL, Lionello P, Dalan F, Elvini E, Nizzero A, Malguzzi P, Pfizenmayer A, von Storch H, Dillingh D, Phillipart M, de Ronde J, Reistad M, Midtb\u00f8 KH, Vignes O, Haakenstad H, Hackett B, Fossum I, Sidselrud L (2001) Synthesis of the STOWASUS-2100 project: regional storm, wave and surge scenarios for the 2100 century. Danish Climate Centre Report 01\u20133. p 27"},{"key":"395_CR25","unstructured":"Kriezi EE, Broman B (2008) Past and future wave climate in the Baltic Sea produced by the SWAN model with forcing from the regional climate model RCA of the Rossby Centre. In: IEEE\/OES US\/EU-Baltic International Symposium (ed.), Tallinn, Estonia, 27\u201329 May 2008. pp 360\u2013366"},{"issue":"10","key":"395_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oceaneng.2008.02.009","volume":"35","author":"Y Li","year":"2008","unstructured":"Li Y, Simmonds DJ, Reeve DE (2008) Quantifying uncertainty in extreme values of design parameters with resampling techniques. Ocean Eng 35(10):1029\u20131038","journal-title":"Ocean Eng"},{"key":"395_CR27","volume-title":"UK climate projections science report: marine and coastal projections","author":"JA Lowe","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lowe JA, Howard TP, Pardaens A, Tinker J, Holt J, Wakelin S, Milne G, Leake J, Wolf J, Horsburgh K, Reeder T, Jenkins G, Ridley J, Dye S, Bradley S (2009) UK climate projections science report: marine and coastal projections. Met Office Hadley Centre, Exeter"},{"key":"395_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005358130291","volume":"35","author":"LO Mearns","year":"1997","unstructured":"Mearns LO, Rosenweig C, Goldberg R (1997) Mean and variance change in climate scenarios: methods, agricultural applications, and measures of uncertainty. Clim Change 35:367\u2013396","journal-title":"Clim Change"},{"issue":"8","key":"395_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coastaleng.2007.05.001","volume":"54","author":"G Muraleedharan","year":"2007","unstructured":"Muraleedharan G, Rao AD, Kurup PG, Unnikrishnan Nair N, Mourani S (2007) Modified Weibull distribution for maximum and significant wave height simulation and prediction. Coastal Eng 54(8):630\u2013638","journal-title":"Coastal Eng"},{"key":"395_CR30","unstructured":"NCEP (2006). National Center for Environmental Prediction, Washington DC. Available at: http:\/\/polar.ncep.noaa.gov\/waves\/NEW-WAM.html"},{"key":"395_CR31","unstructured":"NGDC (2009). National Geophysical Data Centre. Available at: http:\/\/www.ngdc.noaa.gov\/mgg\/global\/global.html"},{"key":"395_CR32","unstructured":"Padilla-Hern\u00e1dez R, Perrie W, Toulany B, Smith PC, Zhang W, Jimenez-Hern\u00e1ndez S (2004) Intercomparison of modern operational wave models. In: 8th International workshop on wave hindcasting and forecasting, North Shore, Oahu, Hawaii"},{"key":"395_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1007\/s00382-005-0072-x","volume":"25","author":"SC Pryor","year":"2005","unstructured":"Pryor SC, Barthelmie RG, Kjellstr\u00f6m E (2005) Potential climate change impact on wind energy resources in northern Europe: nalyses using a regional climate model. Climate Dyn 25:815\u2013835","journal-title":"Climate Dyn"},{"key":"395_CR34","unstructured":"R\u00e4is\u00e4nen J, Hansson U, Ullerstig A, D\u00f6scher R, Graham LP, Jones C, Meier M, Samuelsson P, Will\u00e9n U (2003) GCM driven simulations of recent and future climate with the Rossby Centre coupled atmosphere\u2014Baltic Sea regional climate model RCAO. RMK No.101, Rossby Centre, SMHI"},{"key":"395_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1007\/s00382-003-0365-x","volume":"22","author":"J R\u00e4is\u00e4nen","year":"2004","unstructured":"R\u00e4is\u00e4nen J, Hanson U, Ullerstig A, D\u00f6scher R, Graham LP, Jones C, Meier HEM, Samuelsson P, Will\u00e9n U (2004) European climate in the late twenty-first century: regional simulations with two driving global models and two forcing scenarios. Climate Dyn 22:13\u201331","journal-title":"Climate Dyn"},{"key":"395_CR36","unstructured":"Roeckner, Baeuml G, Bonaventura L, Brokopf R, Esch M, Giorgetta M, Hagemann S, Kirchner I, Kornblueh L, Manzini E, Rhodin A, Schlese U, Schulzweida U, Tompkins A (2003) The atmospheric general circulation model ECHAM 5. PART I: model description. MPI-Report 349"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"395_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1007\/s00382-005-0030-7","volume":"25","author":"M Sotillo","year":"2005","unstructured":"Sotillo M, Ratsimandresy A, Carretero J, Bentamy A, Valero F, Gonzalez-Rouco F (2005) A high-resolution 44-year atmospheric hind-cast for the Mediterranean basin: contribution to the regional improvement of global reanalysis. Climate Dyn 25(2\u20133):219\u2013236","journal-title":"Climate Dyn"},{"issue":"10","key":"395_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coastaleng.2009.06.003","volume":"56","author":"P Thompson","year":"2009","unstructured":"Thompson P, Reeve DE, Stander J, Cai Y (2009) Automated threshold selection methods for extreme wave analysis. Coastal Eng 56(10):1013\u20131021","journal-title":"Coastal Eng"},{"key":"395_CR39","unstructured":"Tolman (2002a) User manual and system documentation of WAVEWATCH-III version 2.22. NCEP\/NOAA\/NWS, National Center for Environmental Prediction, Technical note 222, Washington"},{"key":"395_CR40","unstructured":"Tolman HL (2002b) Validation of WAVEWATCH III version 1.15 for a global domain. NCEP\/NOAA\/NWS, National Center for Environmental Prediction, Technical note 213, Washington"},{"key":"395_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/S1463-5003(02)00040-9","volume":"5","author":"HL Tolman","year":"2003","unstructured":"Tolman HL (2003) Treatment of unresolved islands and ice in wind wave models. Ocean Model 5:219\u2013231","journal-title":"Ocean Model"},{"key":"395_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-3839(81)90005-3","volume":"5","author":"J Heteren van","year":"1981","unstructured":"van Heteren J, Bruinsma J (1981) A method to calculate the probability of exceedance of the design wave height. Coastal Eng 5:83\u201391","journal-title":"Coastal Eng"},{"key":"395_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-6-863-2006","volume":"6","author":"AO Ulden van","year":"2006","unstructured":"van Ulden AO, van Oldenborgh GJ (2006) Large-scale atmospheric circulation biases and changes in global climate model simulations and their importance for climate change in Central Europe. Atmos Chem Phys 6:863\u2013881","journal-title":"Atmos Chem Phys"},{"key":"395_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1007\/s10584-006-9212-5","volume":"81","author":"A Ulden van","year":"2007","unstructured":"van Ulden A, Lenderink G, van den Hurk B, van Meijgaard E (2007) Circulation statistics and climate change in Central Europe: PRUDENCE simulations and observations. Clim Change 81:179\u2013192","journal-title":"Clim Change"},{"key":"395_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1775","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0485(1988)018<1775:TWMTGO>2.0.CO;2","volume":"18","author":"WAMDI","year":"1988","unstructured":"WAMDI (1988) The WAM model\u2014a third generation ocean wave prediction model. J Phys Oceanogr 18:1775\u20131810","journal-title":"J Phys Oceanogr"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"395_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1007\/s00382-005-0080-x","volume":"26","author":"XLL Wang","year":"2006","unstructured":"Wang XLL, Swail VR (2006) Climate change signal and uncertainty in projections of ocean wave heights. Climate Dyn 26(2\u20133):109\u2013126","journal-title":"Climate Dyn"},{"issue":"12","key":"395_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2368","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0442(2004)017<2368:NAOWCC>2.0.CO;2","volume":"17","author":"XLL Wang","year":"2004","unstructured":"Wang XLL, Zwiers FW, Swail VR (2004) North Atlantic Ocean wave climate change scenarios for the twenty-first century. J Climate 17(12):2368\u20132383","journal-title":"J Climate"},{"key":"395_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0477(1998)079<0741:CWASIT>2.0.CO;2","volume":"79","author":"WASA","year":"1998","unstructured":"WASA (1998) Changing waves and storms in the Northeast Atlantic? Bull Am Meteorol Soc 79:741\u2013760","journal-title":"Bull Am Meteorol Soc"},{"key":"395_CR49","unstructured":"WDCC (2009). World Data Centre for Climate, CERA-DB. Available at: http:\/\/cera-www.dkrz.de\/"},{"key":"395_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2955","DOI":"10.1175\/2009MWR2704.1","volume":"137","author":"J Winterfeldt","year":"2009","unstructured":"Winterfeldt J, Weisse R (2009) Assessment of value added for surface marine wind speed obtained from two regional climate models. Mon Weather Rev 137:2955\u20132965","journal-title":"Mon Weather Rev"},{"key":"395_CR51","unstructured":"WMO (1998) Guide to wave analysis and forecasting. WMO-No. 702. Secretariat of the world meteorological organization, Geneva, Switzerland"}],"container-title":["Ocean Dynamics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10236-011-0395-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10236-011-0395-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10236-011-0395-6","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,29]],"date-time":"2019-05-29T11:19:29Z","timestamp":1559128769000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10236-011-0395-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,6]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,6]]}},"alternative-id":["395"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10236-011-0395-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1616-7341","1616-7228"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1616-7341","type":"print"},{"value":"1616-7228","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,6]]}}}