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This study employed two distinct databases, the Medisch Spectrum Twente (MST) clinical database comprising electronic health records of COVID-19 patients hospitalized at MST, and the Post-COVID cohort database which contains follow-up information on the same patients. These databases were integrated to establish the potential relationship between the administration of corticosteroids, antibiotics, or anticoagulants during hospitalization and the occurrence of post-COVID-19 syndrome after a 6-month interval following discharge. A total of 123 patients who were hospitalized due to COVID-19 infection were included in this study. Among these patients, 33 (26.8%) developed post-COVID-19 syndrome which persisted even 6\u00a0months after hospital discharge. Multivariate analysis revealed that patients who received treatment with corticosteroids had a significantly lower likelihood (OR 0.32, 95% CI 0.11\u20130.90) of developing post-COVID-19 syndrome, while no significant association was observed for treatment with antibiotics (OR 1.26, 95% CI 0.47\u20133.39) or anticoagulants (OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.18\u20131.71). The findings of this study indicate that corticosteroids exert a significant protective effect against the development of post-COVID-19 syndrome in patients who were hospitalized due to COVID-19 infection. Although a trend towards a protective effect of anticoagulants was observed, it did not reach statistical significance. On the contrary, patients treated with antibiotics were shown to have increased chances of developing post-COVID-19 syndrome, although this effect was also not statistically significant.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10238-023-01153-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,8]],"date-time":"2023-08-08T06:01:46Z","timestamp":1691474506000},"page":"4881-4888","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["The effect of corticosteroids, antibiotics, and anticoagulants on the development of post-COVID-19 syndrome in COVID-19 hospitalized patients 6\u00a0months after discharge: a retrospective follow up study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"John","family":"Davelaar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naomi","family":"Jessurun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerko","family":"Schaap","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Bode","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harald","family":"Vonkeman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"1153_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/cwe.12349","volume":"28","author":"L Song","year":"2020","unstructured":"Song L, Zhou Y. 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Harald Vonkeman is a board member of the Dutch Arthritis Society. Naomi Jessurun is a board member of the Dutch Royal Society of Pharmacists. All other authors confirm that they have no competing interests to declare.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"Patients provided informed consent for the use of their data from the post COVID database. The institutional review board of MST approved of the use of the patient's data, as collected in the clinical database for COVID-19 related data (K20-K30).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}}]}}