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Contrarily to the clinical context, currently there are no standard guidelines to regulate the use of image compression in pre-clinical contexts as a potential alleviation\u00a0of this problem. In this work, the authors study the application of lossy image coding to compress high-resolution volumetric biomedical data. The impact of compression on the metrics\u00a0and interpretation of volumetric data was quantified for a correlated multimodal imaging study to characterize murine tumor vasculature, using volumetric high-resolution episcopic microscopy (HREM), micro-computed tomography (\u00b5CT), and micro-magnetic resonance imaging (\u00b5MRI). The effects of compression were assessed by measuring task-specific performances of several biomedical experts who interpreted and labeled multiple data volumes compressed at different degrees. We\u00a0defined trade-offs between data volume reduction and preservation of visual information, which ensured the preservation of relevant vasculature morphology at maximum compression efficiency across scales. Using the Jaccard Index (JI) and the average Hausdorff Distance (HD) after vasculature segmentation, we could\u00a0demonstrate that, in this study, compression that yields to\u00a0a 256-fold reduction of the data size allowed to keep the error induced by compression below the inter-observer variability, with minimal impact on the assessment of the tumor vasculature across scales.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10278-023-00800-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,10]],"date-time":"2023-04-10T15:02:21Z","timestamp":1681138941000},"page":"1826-1850","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Lossy Image Compression in a Preclinical Multimodal Imaging Study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6348-0342","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco F.","family":"Cunha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Valentin","family":"Bl\u00fcml","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Lydia M.","family":"Zopf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4096-1944","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas","family":"Walter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Wagner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0575-0073","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wolfgang J.","family":"Weninger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1004-7772","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucas A.","family":"Thomaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8580-1979","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu\u00eds M. 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