{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T18:07:50Z","timestamp":1777313270316,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":108,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,8]],"date-time":"2020-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1591574400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,8]],"date-time":"2020-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1591574400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Bull Earthquake Eng"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10518-020-00885-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,8]],"date-time":"2020-06-08T15:09:50Z","timestamp":1591628990000},"page":"6719-6745","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":197,"title":["Development of a fragility and vulnerability model for global seismic risk analyses"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7687-4909","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu\u00eds","family":"Martins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"V\u00edtor","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,8]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"885_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aej.2016.08.028","volume":"56","author":"H Abou-Elfath","year":"2017","unstructured":"Abou-Elfath H, Ramadan M, Meshaly M, Fdiel HA (2017) Seismic performance of steel frames designed using different allowable story drift limits. Alexandria Eng J 56(2):241\u2013249. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aej.2016.08.028","journal-title":"Alexandria Eng J"},{"issue":"1","key":"885_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1007\/s11069-016-2647-8","volume":"86","author":"AB Acevedo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Acevedo AB, Jaramillo JD, Yepes C, Silva V, Osorio FA, Villar M (2017) Evaluation of the seismic risk of the unreinforced masonry building stock in Antioquia, Colombia. Nat Hazards 86(1):31\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11069-016-2647-8","journal-title":"Nat Hazards"},{"issue":"Sup1","key":"885_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/13632461003651794","volume":"14","author":"N Ahmad","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ahmad N, Crowley H, Pinho R, Ali Q (2010) Displacement-based earthquake loss assessment of masonry buildings in Mansehra City, Pakistan. J Earthq Eng 14(Sup1):1\u201337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13632461003651794","journal-title":"J Earthq Eng"},{"key":"885_CR4","unstructured":"Alcocer S, Guillermo J, Vazquez A (2004) Response assessment of Mexican confined masonry structures through shaking table tests. In: 13th World conference on earthquake engineering, Vancouver, Canada"},{"key":"885_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.strusafe.2013.06.001","volume":"44","author":"D Asprone","year":"2013","unstructured":"Asprone D, Jalayer F, Simonelli S, Acconcia A, Prota A, Manfredi G (2013) Seismic insurance model for the Italian residential building stock. Struct Saf 44:70\u201379. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.strusafe.2013.06.001","journal-title":"Struct Saf"},{"issue":"3","key":"885_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1193\/1.3459127","volume":"26","author":"IE Bal","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bal IE, Bommer JJ, Stafford PJ, Crowley H, Pinho R (2010a) The influence of geographical resolution of urban exposure data in an earthquake loss model for Istanbul. Earthq Spectra 26(3):619\u2013634. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1193\/1.3459127","journal-title":"Earthq Spectra"},{"key":"885_CR7","unstructured":"Bal, \u0130.E., Crowley, H. and Pinho, R. (2010b) Displacement-based earthquake loss assessment: method development and application to turkish building stock. Research Report No. ROSE-2010-02, Instituto Universitario di Studi Superiori di Pavia"},{"issue":"3","key":"885_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1023\/a:1020095711419","volume":"6","author":"J Bommer","year":"2002","unstructured":"Bommer J, Spence R, Erdik M, Tabuchi S, Aydinoglu N, Booth E, del Re D, Peterken O (2002) Development of an earthquake loss model for Turkish catastrophe insurance. J Seismol 6(3):431\u2013446. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1023\/a:1020095711419","journal-title":"J Seismol"},{"issue":"6","key":"885_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3217","DOI":"10.1785\/0120080298","volume":"99","author":"JJ Bommer","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bommer JJ, Stafford PJ, Alarc\u00f3n JE (2009) Empirical equations for the prediction of the significant, bracketed, and uniform duration of earthquake ground motion empirical equations for the prediction of the duration of earthquake ground motion. Bull Seismol Soc Am 99(6):3217\u20133233. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1785\/0120080298","journal-title":"Bull Seismol Soc Am"},{"issue":"4","key":"885_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1080\/15583050701828178","volume":"2","author":"B Borzi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Borzi B, Crowley H, Pinho R (2008a) Simplified pushover-based earthquake loss assessment (SP-BELA) method for masonry buildings. Int J Archit Herit 2(4):353\u2013376. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15583050701828178","journal-title":"Int J Archit Herit"},{"issue":"3","key":"885_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engstruct.2007.05.021","volume":"30","author":"B Borzi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Borzi B, Pinho R, Crowley H (2008b) Simplified pushover-based vulnerability analysis for large-scale assessment of RC buildings. Eng Struct 30(3):804\u2013820. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.engstruct.2007.05.021","journal-title":"Eng Struct"},{"key":"885_CR11","unstructured":"Brzev S, Scawthorn C, Charleson LA, Greene M, Jaiswal K, Silva V (2013) GEM building taxonomy version 2.0. Vol. GEM Technical Report 2013-02 V1.0.0. Pavia, IT: GEM Foundation. 188"},{"issue":"2","key":"885_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.7158\/S12-034.2013.14.2","volume":"14","author":"DK Bull","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bull DK (2013) Earthquakes and the effects on structures: some of the lessons learnt. Aust J Struct Eng 14(2):145\u2013166. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7158\/S12-034.2013.14.2","journal-title":"Aust J Struct Eng"},{"issue":"1","key":"885_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1193\/1.1585988","volume":"14","author":"RJ Burby","year":"1998","unstructured":"Burby RJ, French SP, Nelson AC (1998) Plans, code enforcement, and damage reduction: evidence from the Northridge Earthquake. Earthq Spectra 14(1):59\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1193\/1.1585988","journal-title":"Earthq Spectra"},{"key":"885_CR14","unstructured":"Cabrera T, Hube MA, Santa Maria H, Silva V, Martins L, Yepes C, Cortes A (2019) Seismic vulnerability and fragility curves of houses based on damage data from three earthquakes in Chile. Earthq Spectra, (in review)"},{"issue":"3","key":"885_CR15","first-page":"411","volume":"3","author":"GM Calvi","year":"1999","unstructured":"Calvi GM (1999) A displacement-based approach for vulnerability evaluation of classes of buildings. J Earthq Eng 3(3):411\u2013438","journal-title":"J Earthq Eng"},{"key":"885_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Calvi GM (2010) Engineers understanding of earthquakes demand and structures response. In Geotechnical, geological and earthquake engineering, p 223\u2013247","DOI":"10.1007\/978-90-481-9544-2_10"},{"key":"885_CR17","unstructured":"Calvi GM, Pinho R (2004) LESSLOSS: a European integrated project on risk mitigation for earthquakes and landslides. Research report ROSE. University of Pavia Distribuito da IUSS Press, Pavia. vi, 178"},{"key":"885_CR18","unstructured":"Calvi G, Pinho R, Crowley H (2006) State-of-the-knowledge on the period elongation of RC buildings during strong ground shaking"},{"key":"885_CR19","unstructured":"Camelo V (2003) Dynamic characteristics of woodframe buildings, Ph.D. thesis, California Institute of Technology"},{"key":"885_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engstruct.2015.02.034","volume":"94","author":"C Casotto","year":"2015","unstructured":"Casotto C, Silva V, Crowley H, Nascimbene R, Pinho R (2015) Seismic fragility of Italian RC precast industrial structures. Eng Struct 94:122\u2013136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.engstruct.2015.02.034","journal-title":"Eng Struct"},{"key":"885_CR21","unstructured":"Crespi P, Giordano N, Frascaro G (2019) Seismic loss estimation of an old masonry building in Italy. In: ICASP13\u201413th international conference on applications of statistics and probability in civil engineering, Seoul, South Korea"},{"issue":"Sup001","key":"885_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1080\/13632460409350522","volume":"8","author":"H Crowley","year":"2004","unstructured":"Crowley H, Pinho R (2004) Period-Height relationship for existing European reinforced concrete buildings. J Earthq Eng 8(Sup001):93\u2013119. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13632460409350522","journal-title":"J Earthq Eng"},{"key":"885_CR23","unstructured":"Crowley H, Pinho R (2006) Simplified equations for estimating the period of vibration of existing buildings. In: Proceedings of the 1st European conference on earthquake engineering and seismology"},{"issue":"2","key":"885_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1002\/eqe.949","volume":"39","author":"H Crowley","year":"2010","unstructured":"Crowley H, Pinho R (2010) Revisiting Eurocode 8 formulae for periods of vibration and their employment in linear seismic analysis. Earthq Eng Struct Dyn 39(2):223\u2013235. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eqe.949","journal-title":"Earthq Eng Struct Dyn"},{"issue":"2","key":"885_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1007\/s10518-004-2290-8","volume":"2","author":"H Crowley","year":"2004","unstructured":"Crowley H, Pinho R, Bommer JJ (2004) A probabilistic displacement-based vulnerability assessment procedure for earthquake loss estimation. Bull Earthq Eng 2(2):173\u2013219. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10518-004-2290-8","journal-title":"Bull Earthq Eng"},{"issue":"4","key":"885_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.1193\/083116eqs140m","volume":"33","author":"H Crowley","year":"2017","unstructured":"Crowley H, Polidoro B, Pinho R, van Elk J (2017) Framework for developing fragility and consequence models for local personal risk. Earthq Spectra 33(4):1325\u20131345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1193\/083116eqs140m","journal-title":"Earthq Spectra"},{"key":"885_CR27","unstructured":"Crowley H, Rodrigues D, Silva V, Despotaki V, Romao X, Castro JM, Akkar S, Hanc\u0131lar U, Pitilakis KPD, Belvaux M, Wiemer S, Danciu L, Correia AA, Bursi OS, Wenzel M (2018) Towards a uniform earthquake risk model for Europe. In: 16th European conference on earthquake engineering. Thessaloniki, Greece"},{"key":"885_CR28","unstructured":"D\u2019Ayala D, Meslem A, Vamvatsikos D, Porter K, Rossetto T (2015) GEM guidelines for analytical vulnerability assessment of low\/mid-rise buildings"},{"issue":"3","key":"885_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1285","DOI":"10.1007\/s10518-018-0501-y","volume":"17","author":"C Del Gaudio","year":"2019","unstructured":"Del Gaudio C, De Risi MT, Ricci P, Verderame GM (2019) Empirical drift-fragility functions and loss estimation for infills in reinforced concrete frames under seismic loading. Bull Earthq Eng 17(3):1285\u20131330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10518-018-0501-y","journal-title":"Bull Earthq Eng"},{"key":"885_CR30","unstructured":"Di Pasquale G, Goretti A (2001) Vulnerabilit\u00e0 funzionale ed economica degli edifici residenziali colpiti dai recenti eventi sismici italiani. In: Proceedings of the 10th national conference \u201cL\u2019ingegneria Sismica in Italia\u201d. Potenza-Matera, Italy"},{"issue":"3","key":"885_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engstruct.2005.08.009","volume":"28","author":"M Dolce","year":"2006","unstructured":"Dolce M, Kappos A, Masi A, Penelis G, Vona M (2006) Vulnerability assessment and earthquake damage scenarios of the building stock of Potenza (Southern Italy) using Italian and Greek methodologies. Eng Struct 28(3):357\u2013371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.engstruct.2005.08.009","journal-title":"Eng Struct"},{"issue":"10","key":"885_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1080\/15732479.2011.574813","volume":"8","author":"M Dol\u0161ek","year":"2012","unstructured":"Dol\u0161ek M (2012) Simplified method for seismic risk assessment of buildings with consideration of aleatory and epistemic uncertainty. Struct Infrastruct Eng 8(10):939\u2013953. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15732479.2011.574813","journal-title":"Struct Infrastruct Eng"},{"issue":"7","key":"885_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1991","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engstruct.2008.01.001","volume":"30","author":"M Dol\u0161ek","year":"2008","unstructured":"Dol\u0161ek M, Fajfar P (2008) The effect of masonry infills on the seismic response of a four-storey reinforced concrete frame: a deterministic assessment. Eng Struct 30(7):1991\u20132001. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.engstruct.2008.01.001","journal-title":"Eng Struct"},{"issue":"9","key":"885_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1038","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)0733-9445(1999)125:9(1038)","volume":"125","author":"C Dymiotis","year":"1999","unstructured":"Dymiotis C, Kappos AJ, Chryssanthopoulos MK (1999) Seismic reliability of RC frames with uncertain drift and member capacity. J Struct Eng 125(9):1038\u20131047. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1061\/(ASCE)0733-9445(1999)125:9(1038)","journal-title":"J Struct Eng"},{"issue":"12","key":"885_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2057","DOI":"10.1002\/eqe.2575","volume":"44","author":"L Eads","year":"2015","unstructured":"Eads L, Miranda E, Lignos DG (2015) Average spectral acceleration as an intensity measure for collapse risk assessment. Earthq Eng Struct Dyn 44(12):2057\u20132073. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eqe.2575","journal-title":"Earthq Eng Struct Dyn"},{"key":"885_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470024867","volume-title":"Fundamentals of earthquake engineering","author":"AS Elnashai","year":"2008","unstructured":"Elnashai AS, Di Sarno L (2008) Fundamentals of earthquake engineering. Wiley, Chichester, p 347"},{"issue":"5","key":"885_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1360","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engstruct.2007.07.016","volume":"30","author":"MA Erberik","year":"2008","unstructured":"Erberik MA (2008a) Fragility-based assessment of typical mid-rise and low-rise RC buildings in Turkey. Eng Struct 30(5):1360\u20131374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.engstruct.2007.07.016","journal-title":"Eng Struct"},{"issue":"3","key":"885_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1002\/eqe.760","volume":"37","author":"MA Erberik","year":"2008","unstructured":"Erberik MA (2008b) Generation of fragility curves for Turkish masonry buildings considering in-plane failure modes. Earthq Eng Struct Dyn 37(3):387\u2013405. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eqe.760","journal-title":"Earthq Eng Struct Dyn"},{"issue":"1","key":"885_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02857534","volume":"2","author":"M Erdik","year":"2003","unstructured":"Erdik M, Aydinoglu N, Fahjan Y, Sesetyan K, Demircioglu M, Siyahi B, Durukal E, Ozbey C, Biro Y, Akman H, Yuzugullu O (2003) Earthquake risk assessment for Istanbul metropolitan area. Earthq Eng Eng Vib 2(1):1\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF02857534","journal-title":"Earthq Eng Eng Vib"},{"key":"885_CR40","unstructured":"FEMA (2003) FEMA 450-1 : NEHRP recommended provisions for seismic regulations for new buildings and other structures, FEMA 450-1, Department of Homeland Security - Federal Emergency Management Agency, Washington, DC"},{"key":"885_CR41","unstructured":"FEMA (2014) HAZUS-MH MR5, Technical manual, Department of Homeland Security - Federal Emergency Management Agency"},{"key":"885_CR42","unstructured":"FEMA (2017) FEMA P366-estimated annualized earthquake losses for the United States. FEMA P-366, Department of Homeland Security - Federal Emergency Management Agency, Washington, DC"},{"issue":"3","key":"885_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.3846\/1648715X.2016.1187682","volume":"20","author":"TM Ferreira","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ferreira TM, Maio R, Vicente R, Costa A (2016) Earthquake risk mitigation: the impact of seismic retrofitting strategies on urban resilience. Int J Strategic Prop Manag 20(3):291\u2013304. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3846\/1648715X.2016.1187682","journal-title":"Int J Strategic Prop Manag"},{"key":"885_CR44","unstructured":"Garc\u00eda H, Degrande G (2017) Performance and seismic vulnerability of a typical confined masonry house used in Cuenca Ecuador. In: Proceedings of the 16th World conference on earthquake engineering. Santiago, Chile"},{"key":"885_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engfailanal.2016.06.002","volume":"68","author":"D Gautam","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gautam D, Chaulagain H (2016) Structural performance and associated lessons to be learned from world earthquakes in Nepal after 25 April 2015 (MW 7.8) Gorkha earthquake. Eng Fail Anal 68:222\u2013243. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.engfailanal.2016.06.002","journal-title":"Eng Fail Anal"},{"key":"885_CR46","unstructured":"Ghobarah A (2004) On drift limits with different damage levels. In: Proceedings of international workshop on performance-based seismic design concepts and implementation. Bled, Slovenia"},{"key":"885_CR47","unstructured":"Grubi\u0161i\u0107 M, Kalman \u0160ipo\u0161 T, Sigmund V (2013) Seismic fragility assessment of masonry infilled reinforced concrete frames. In: 50th SE-EEE: Skopje, North Macedonia"},{"issue":"1","key":"885_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)0733-9445(2000)126:1(98)","volume":"126","author":"A Gupta","year":"2000","unstructured":"Gupta A, Krawinkler H (2000) Behavior of ductile SMRFs at various seismic hazard levels. J Struct Eng 126(1):98\u2013107. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1061\/(ASCE)0733-9445(2000)126:1(98)","journal-title":"J Struct Eng"},{"issue":"4","key":"885_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"04018034","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)CF.1943-5509.0001174","volume":"32","author":"L Hamzeh","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hamzeh L, Ashour A, Galal K (2018) Development of fragility curves for reinforced-masonry structural walls with boundary elements. J Perform Constr Facil 32(4):04018034. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1061\/(ASCE)CF.1943-5509.0001174","journal-title":"J Perform Constr Facil"},{"key":"885_CR109","unstructured":"Haselton CB, Goulet CA, Mitrani-Reiser J, Beck JL, Dierlein GG, Porter KA, Stewart JP, Taciroglu E (2008) An assessment to benchmark the seismic performance of a code-confirming reinforced concrete moment-frame building, PEER report 2007\/12, PEER - Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center"},{"issue":"4","key":"885_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1061\/(asce)st.1943-541x.0000318","volume":"137","author":"CB Haselton","year":"2011","unstructured":"Haselton CB, Liel AB, Deierlein GG, Dean BS, Chou JH (2011) Seismic collapse safety of reinforced concrete buildings. I: assessment of ductile moment frames. J Struct Eng 137(4):481\u2013491. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1061\/(asce)st.1943-541x.0000318","journal-title":"J Struct Eng"},{"issue":"1","key":"885_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1193\/120717EQS251M","volume":"35","author":"R Hoult","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hoult R, Goldsworthy H, Lumantarna E (2019) Fragility functions for RC shear wall buildings in Australia. Earthq Spectra 35(1):333\u2013360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1193\/120717EQS251M","journal-title":"Earthq Spectra"},{"issue":"13","key":"885_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2141","DOI":"10.1002\/eqe.2898","volume":"46","author":"S-H Hwang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hwang S-H, Lignos DG (2017) Earthquake-induced loss assessment of steel frame buildings with special moment frames designed in highly seismic regions. Earthq Eng Struct Dyn 46(13):2141\u20132162. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eqe.2898","journal-title":"Earthq Eng Struct Dyn"},{"key":"885_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jaiswal KS, Wald DJ (2011) Rapid estimation of the economic consequences of global earthquakes. Open File Report 2011-1116, U.S. Geological Survey","DOI":"10.3133\/ofr20111116"},{"issue":"3","key":"885_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1193\/1.3450316","volume":"26","author":"K Jaiswal","year":"2010","unstructured":"Jaiswal K, Wald D, Porter K (2010) A global building inventory for earthquake loss estimation and risk management. Earthq Spectra 26(3):731\u2013748. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1193\/1.3450316","journal-title":"Earthq Spectra"},{"issue":"4","key":"885_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1007\/s10518-014-9692-z","volume":"13","author":"F Jalayer","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jalayer F, De Risi R, Manfredi G (2015) Bayesian cloud analysis: efficient structural fragility assessment using linear regression. Bull Earthq Eng 13(4):1183\u20131203. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10518-014-9692-z","journal-title":"Bull Earthq Eng"},{"issue":"4","key":"885_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1007\/s10518-006-9023-0","volume":"4","author":"A Kappos","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kappos A, Panagopoulos G, Panagiotopoulos C, Penelis G (2006) A hybrid method for the vulnerability assessment of R\/C and URM buildings. Bull Earthq Eng 4(4):391\u2013413. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10518-006-9023-0","journal-title":"Bull Earthq Eng"},{"key":"885_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engstruct.2017.12.023","volume":"160","author":"G Karanikoloudis","year":"2018","unstructured":"Karanikoloudis G, Louren\u00e7o PB (2018) Structural assessment and seismic vulnerability of earthen historic structures: application of sophisticated numerical and simple analytical models. Eng Struct 160:488\u2013509. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.engstruct.2017.12.023","journal-title":"Eng Struct"},{"issue":"10","key":"885_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1667","DOI":"10.1002\/eqe.2876","volume":"46","author":"M Kohrangi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kohrangi M, Bazzurro P, Vamvatsikos D, Spillatura A (2017) Conditional spectrum-based ground motion record selection using average spectral acceleration. Earthq Eng Struct Dyn 46(10):1667\u20131685. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eqe.2876","journal-title":"Earthq Eng Struct Dyn"},{"issue":"1","key":"885_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1007\/s10518-017-0216-5","volume":"16","author":"M Kohrangi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kohrangi M, Kotha SR, Bazzurro P (2018) Ground-motion models for average spectral acceleration in a period range: direct and indirect methods. Bull Earthq Eng 16(1):45\u201365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10518-017-0216-5","journal-title":"Bull Earthq Eng"},{"issue":"4","key":"885_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1007\/s10518-006-9024-z","volume":"4","author":"S Lagomarsino","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lagomarsino S, Giovinazzi S (2006) Macroseismic and mechanical models for the vulnerability and damage assessment of current buildings. Bull Earthq Eng 4(4):415\u2013443. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10518-006-9024-z","journal-title":"Bull Earthq Eng"},{"issue":"9","key":"885_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1373","DOI":"10.1002\/eqe.2522","volume":"44","author":"D Lallemant","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lallemant D, Kiremidjian A, Burton H (2015) Statistical procedures for developing earthquake damage fragility curves. Earthq Eng Struct Dyn 44(9):1373\u20131389. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eqe.2522","journal-title":"Earthq Eng Struct Dyn"},{"issue":"5","key":"885_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1002\/eqe.2368","volume":"43","author":"N Lazar","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lazar N, Dol\u0161ek M (2014) Incorporating intensity bounds for assessing the seismic safety of structures: does it matter? Earthq Eng Struct Dyn 43(5):717\u2013738. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eqe.2368","journal-title":"Earthq Eng Struct Dyn"},{"key":"885_CR64","unstructured":"Liel AB, Luco N, Raghunandan M, Champion CP (2015) Modifications to risk-targeted seismic design maps for subduction and near-fault hazards. In: 12th International conference on applications of statistics and probability in Civil Engineering, ICASP 2015"},{"issue":"1","key":"885_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1007\/s11589-009-0049-7","volume":"23","author":"J Liu","year":"2010","unstructured":"Liu J, Liu Y, Liu H (2010) Seismic fragility analysis of composite frame structure based on performance. Earthq Sci 23(1):45\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11589-009-0049-7","journal-title":"Earthq Sci"},{"key":"885_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13632469.2019.1659881","author":"I Lotfy","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lotfy I, Mohammadalizadeh T, Ahmadi F, Soroushian S (2019) Fragility functions for displacement-based seismic design of reinforced masonry wall structures. J Earthq Eng. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13632469.2019.1659881","journal-title":"J Earthq Eng"},{"issue":"3","key":"885_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1339","DOI":"10.1193\/090517eqs174m","volume":"34","author":"H Lovon","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lovon H, Tarque N, Silva V, Yepes-Estrada C (2018) Development of fragility curves for confined masonry buildings in Lima, Peru. Earthq Spectra 34(3):1339\u20131361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1193\/090517eqs174m","journal-title":"Earthq Spectra"},{"issue":"5","key":"885_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1002\/eqe.2687","volume":"45","author":"L Martins","year":"2016","unstructured":"Martins L, Silva V, Marques M, Crowley H, Delgado R (2016) Development and assessment of damage-to-loss models for moment-frame reinforced concrete buildings. Earth Eng Struct Dyn 45(5):797\u2013817. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eqe.2687","journal-title":"Earth Eng Struct Dyn"},{"key":"885_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engstruct.2018.07.028","volume":"173","author":"L Martins","year":"2018","unstructured":"Martins L, Silva V, Bazzurro P, Marques M (2018) Advances in the derivation of fragility functions for the development of risk-targeted hazard maps. Eng Struct 173:669\u2013680. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.engstruct.2018.07.028","journal-title":"Eng Struct"},{"key":"885_CR70","unstructured":"McKenna F, Fenves G, Scott M, Jeremic B (2000) Open system for Earthquake Engineering Simulation (OpenSees). Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center. University of California, Berkeley, CA"},{"key":"885_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Motamed H, Calderon A, Silva V, Costa C (2018) Development of a probabilistic earthquake loss model for Iran","DOI":"10.1007\/s10518-018-0515-5"},{"issue":"4","key":"885_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1007\/s10518-006-9020-3","volume":"4","author":"P Mouroux","year":"2006","unstructured":"Mouroux P, Brun BL (2006) Presentation of RISK-UE project. Bull Earthq Eng 4(4):323\u2013339. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10518-006-9020-3","journal-title":"Bull Earthq Eng"},{"issue":"4","key":"885_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1523","DOI":"10.1193\/1.4000075","volume":"28","author":"J Murcia-Delso","year":"2012","unstructured":"Murcia-Delso J, Shing PB (2012) Fragility analysis of reinforced masonry shear walls. Earthq Spectra 28(4):1523\u20131547. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1193\/1.4000075","journal-title":"Earthq Spectra"},{"key":"885_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pagani M, Garcia-Pelaez J, Gee R, Johnson K, Silva V, Simionato M, Styron R, Vigano D, Danciu L, Monelli D, Poggi V, Weatherill G (2019) The 2018 version of the global earthquake model: hazard component. Earthquake Spectra","DOI":"10.1177\/8755293020931866"},{"key":"885_CR75","unstructured":"Plumier A, Doneux C (2001) Seismic behaviour and design of composite steel concrete structures. ICONS Report no. 4, LNEC-Laboratorio Nacional de Engenharia Civil, Lisbon, Portugal"},{"key":"885_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101425","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijdrr.2019.101425","volume":"44","author":"A Preciado","year":"2020","unstructured":"Preciado A, Ramirez-Gaytan A, Santos JC, Rodriguez O (2020) Seismic vulnerability assessment and reduction at a territorial scale on masonry and adobe housing by rapid vulnerability indicators: the case of Tlajomulco, Mexico. Int J Disaster Risk Reduct 44:101425. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijdrr.2019.101425","journal-title":"Int J Disaster Risk Reduct"},{"key":"885_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engstruct.2012.07.007","volume":"45","author":"CM Ramirez","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ramirez CM, Lignos DG, Miranda E, Kolios D (2012) Fragility functions for pre-Northridge welded steel moment-resisting beam-to-column connections. Eng Struct 45:574\u2013584. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.engstruct.2012.07.007","journal-title":"Eng Struct"},{"issue":"6","key":"885_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000012","volume":"135","author":"Z Riahi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Riahi Z, Elwood Kenneth J, Alcocer Sergio M (2009) Backbone model for confined masonry walls for performance-based seismic design. J Struct Eng 135(6):644\u2013654. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1061\/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000012","journal-title":"J Struct Eng"},{"issue":"10","key":"885_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1241","DOI":"10.1016\/s0141-0296(03)00060-9","volume":"25","author":"T Rossetto","year":"2003","unstructured":"Rossetto T, Elnashai A (2003) Derivation of vulnerability functions for European-type RC structures based on observational data. Eng Struct 25(10):1241\u20131263. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0141-0296(03)00060-9","journal-title":"Eng Struct"},{"key":"885_CR80","unstructured":"Rossetto T, Ioannou I, Grant D, Maqsood T (2014) Guidelines for empirical vulnerability assessment. GEM Technical Report 2014-08 V1.0.0, Global Earthquake Model Foundation, Pavia, Italy"},{"key":"885_CR81","unstructured":"Salgado-G\u00e1lvez, M., Zuloaga Romero, D., Bernal, G., Mora, M. and Cardona, O. (2013) Probabilistic seismic risk assessment of the building stock in Medell\u00edn, Colombia. In: International symposium, computational civil engineering. Iasi, Romania"},{"issue":"2","key":"885_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1081\/ETC-200067925","volume":"24","author":"W Schnedler","year":"2005","unstructured":"Schnedler W (2005) Likelihood estimation for censored random vectors. Econom Rev 24(2):195\u2013217. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1081\/ETC-200067925","journal-title":"Econom Rev"},{"key":"885_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470742341","volume-title":"Fundamentals of seismic loading on structures","author":"TK Sen","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sen TK (2009) Fundamentals of seismic loading on structures. Wiley-Blackwell, Chichester, p 384"},{"key":"885_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engstruct.2013.04.023","volume":"56","author":"V Silva","year":"2013","unstructured":"Silva V, Crowley H, Pinho R, Varum H (2013) Extending displacement-based earthquake loss assessment (DBELA) for the computation of fragility curves. Eng Struct 56:343\u2013356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.engstruct.2013.04.023","journal-title":"Eng Struct"},{"key":"885_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Silva V, Crowley H, Varum H, Pinho R (2014a) Seismic risk assessment for mainland Portugal. Bull Earthq Eng, 1\u201329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10518-014-9630-0","DOI":"10.1007\/s10518-014-9630-0"},{"key":"885_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Silva V, Crowley H, Varum H, Pinho R, Sousa L (2014b) Investigation of the characteristics of Portuguese regular moment-frame RC buildings and development of a vulnerability model. Bull Earthq Eng, pp 1\u201336. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10518-014-9669-y","DOI":"10.1007\/s10518-014-9669-y"},{"key":"885_CR87","unstructured":"Silva V, Casotto C, Rao A, Villar M, Crowley H, Vamvatsikos D (2015) OpenQuake Risk Modeller\u2019s toolkit - user guide, Technical Report 2015\u201309, Global Earthquake Model Foundation, Pavia, Italy"},{"key":"885_CR88","unstructured":"Silva V, Yepes-Estrada C, Dabbeek J, Martins L (2017) GED4ALL\u2014global exposure database for multi-hazard risk analysis\u2014inception report. GEM Technical Report 2017-01, GEM Foundation, Pavia, Italy"},{"key":"885_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/8755293019899953","author":"V Silva","year":"2019","unstructured":"Silva V, Amo-Oduro D, Calderon A, Costa C, Dabbeek J, Despotaki V, Martins L, Pagani M, Rao A, Simionato M, Vigan\u00f2 D, Yepes-Estrada C, Acevedo A, Crowley H, Horspool N, Jaiswal K, Journeay M, Pittore M (2019) Development of a global seismic risk model. Earthq Spectra. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/8755293019899953","journal-title":"Earthq Spectra"},{"key":"885_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engstruct.2017.05.001","volume":"145","author":"J Snoj","year":"2017","unstructured":"Snoj J, Dol\u0161ek M (2017) Fragility functions for unreinforced masonry walls made from hollow clay units. Eng Struct 145:293\u2013304. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.engstruct.2017.05.001","journal-title":"Eng Struct"},{"key":"885_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-26838-5","volume-title":"Estimating fatality rates for earthquake loss models","author":"E So","year":"2016","unstructured":"So E (2016) Estimating fatality rates for earthquake loss models. Springer, New York"},{"key":"885_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eqe.2734","author":"L Sousa","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sousa L, Silva V, Marques M, Crowley H (2016) On the treatment of uncertainties in the development of fragility functions for earthquake loss estimation of building portfolios. Earthq Eng Struct Dyn. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eqe.2734","journal-title":"Earthq Eng Struct Dyn"},{"issue":"1","key":"885_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1002\/eqe.2940","volume":"47","author":"L Sousa","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sousa L, Silva V, Marques M, Crowley H (2018) On the treatment of uncertainty in seismic vulnerability and portfolio risk assessment. Earthq Eng Struct Dyn 47(1):87\u2013104. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eqe.2940","journal-title":"Earthq Eng Struct Dyn"},{"issue":"3","key":"885_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1588","DOI":"10.1785\/0120070207","volume":"98","author":"PJ Stafford","year":"2008","unstructured":"Stafford PJ (2008) Conditional prediction of absolute durationsshort note. Bull Seismol Soc Am 98(3):1588\u20131594. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1785\/0120070207","journal-title":"Bull Seismol Soc Am"},{"issue":"sup2","key":"885_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1080\/13632460802014188","volume":"12","author":"FO Strasser","year":"2008","unstructured":"Strasser FO, Bommer JJ, \u015ee\u015fetyan K, Erdik M, \u00c7a\u011fnan Z, Irizarry J, Goula X, Lucantoni A, Sabetta F, Bal IE, Crowley H, Lindholm C (2008) A comparative study of european earthquake loss estimation tools for a scenario in Istanbul. J Earthq Eng 12(sup2):246\u2013256. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13632460802014188","journal-title":"J Earthq Eng"},{"key":"885_CR96","unstructured":"Tarque N, Crowley H, Pinho R, Varum H (2010) Seismic risk assessment of adobe dwellings in Cusco, Peru, based on mechanical procedures. In: 14th European conference on earthquake engineering Ohrid, North Macedonia"},{"issue":"2","key":"885_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1193\/1.4000001","volume":"28","author":"N Tarque","year":"2012","unstructured":"Tarque N, Crowley H, Pinho R, Varum H (2012) Displacement-based fragility curves for seismic assessment of adobe buildings in Cusco, Peru. Earthq Spectra 28(2):759\u2013794. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1193\/1.4000001","journal-title":"Earthq Spectra"},{"issue":"3","key":"885_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1007\/s10518-011-9331-x","volume":"10","author":"M Toma\u017eevi\u010d","year":"2012","unstructured":"Toma\u017eevi\u010d M, Gams M (2012) Shaking table study and modelling of seismic behaviour of confined AAC masonry buildings. Bull Earthq Eng 10(3):863\u2013893. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10518-011-9331-x","journal-title":"Bull Earthq Eng"},{"issue":"10","key":"885_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1073","DOI":"10.1002\/(sici)1096-9845(199710)26:10<1073::Aid-eqe695>3.0.Co;2-z","volume":"26","author":"M Toma\u017eevi\u010d","year":"1997","unstructured":"Toma\u017eevi\u010d M, Klemenc I (1997) Verification of seismic resistance of confined masonry buildings. Earthq Eng Struct Dyn 26(10):1073\u20131088. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/(sici)1096-9845(199710)26:10%3c1073:Aid-eqe695%3e3.0.Co;2-z","journal-title":"Earthq Eng Struct Dyn"},{"key":"885_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engstruct.2018.07.026","volume":"174","author":"N Tondini","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tondini N, Zanon G, Pucinotti R, Di Filippo R, Bursi OS (2018) Seismic performance and fragility functions of a 3D steel-concrete composite structure made of high-strength steel. Eng Struct 174:373\u2013383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.engstruct.2018.07.026","journal-title":"Eng Struct"},{"issue":"4","key":"885_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1479","DOI":"10.1007\/s10518-013-9572-y","volume":"12","author":"T Ulrich","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ulrich T, Negulescu C, Douglas J (2014) Fragility curves for risk-targeted seismic design maps. Bull Earthq Eng 12(4):1479\u20131491. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10518-013-9572-y","journal-title":"Bull Earthq Eng"},{"issue":"9","key":"885_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1002\/eqe.573","volume":"35","author":"D Vamvatsikos","year":"2006","unstructured":"Vamvatsikos D, Allin Cornell C (2006) Direct estimation of the seismic demand and capacity of oscillators with multi-linear static pushovers through IDA. Earthq Eng Struct Dyn 35(9):1097\u20131117. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eqe.573","journal-title":"Earthq Eng Struct Dyn"},{"key":"885_CR103","unstructured":"V\u00e1squez L, Hern\u00e1ndez G, Campos R, Gonz\u00e1lez M (2012) Caracterizaci\u00f3n mec\u00e1nica de muros estructurales de madera, Technical Report No. 191, Instituto Forestal, Chile"},{"issue":"2","key":"885_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1193\/010716eqs005m","volume":"33","author":"M Villar-Vega","year":"2017","unstructured":"Villar-Vega M, Silva V, Crowley H, Yepes C, Tarque N, Acevedo AB, Hube MA, Gustavo CD, Mar\u00eda HS (2017) Development of a fragility model for the residential building stock in South America. Earthq Spectra 33(2):581\u2013604. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1193\/010716eqs005m","journal-title":"Earthq Spectra"},{"issue":"5","key":"885_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soildyn.2005.07.001","volume":"26","author":"J Watson-Lamprey","year":"2006","unstructured":"Watson-Lamprey J, Abrahamson N (2006) Selection of ground motion time series and limits on scaling. Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 26(5):477\u2013482. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.soildyn.2005.07.001","journal-title":"Soil Dyn Earthq Eng"},{"key":"885_CR106","unstructured":"Ya\u00f1ez F, Astroza M, Holmerg A, Ogaz O (2004) Behavior of confined masonry shear walls with large openings. In: Proceedings of the 13th World conference on earthquake engineering. Vancouver, Canada"},{"issue":"4","key":"885_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2567","DOI":"10.1193\/011816eqs015dp","volume":"32","author":"C Yepes-Estrada","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yepes-Estrada C, Silva V, Rossetto T, D\u2019Ayala D, Ioannou I, Meslem A, Crowley H (2016) The global earthquake model physical vulnerability database. Earthq Spectra 32(4):2567\u20132585. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1193\/011816eqs015dp","journal-title":"Earthq Spectra"}],"container-title":["Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10518-020-00885-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10518-020-00885-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10518-020-00885-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,7]],"date-time":"2021-12-07T14:11:11Z","timestamp":1638886271000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10518-020-00885-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,8]]},"references-count":108,"journal-issue":{"issue":"15","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["885"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10518-020-00885-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["1570-761X","1573-1456"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1570-761X","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-1456","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"13 December 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 June 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 June 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}