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Sperm samples were extracted by gentle abdominal pressure and sperm motion parameters were assessed for the first time in four species, using a computerized analysis system. The results obtained showed that spermatozoa kinetic patterns were similar for all 4 species, with high motility and velocity values after the sperm activation time and with a marked decrease after 20. On the other hand, sperm longevity was highly variable between species, with short longevities (around 40\u00a0s) for\n                    <jats:italic>A. hispanica<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>S. aradensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and longer longevities (100\u2013120\u00a0s) for\n                    <jats:italic>A. occidentale<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>I. lusitanicum<\/jats:italic>\n                    , which could indicate a latitudinal pattern in terms of sperm longevity\n                    <jats:italic>.<\/jats:italic>\n                    At the same time, morphometric analysis was carried out for the four target species, revealing that spermatozoa showed similar sizes and shapes to other external fertilizers belonging to Leuscididae, with small spherical heads, uniflagellate, and without acrosomes. In addition, a short-term gamete storage trail was performed by diluting sperm in 1:9 (sperm:extender) and storing them at 4\u00baC. Although the results obtained were uneven among the species studied, the dilution and extender used generated motilities above 40% up to day 4 of storage in\n                    <jats:italic>S. aradensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>I. lusitanicum<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and up to days 1\u20132 in\n                    <jats:italic>A. hispanica<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>A. occidentale<\/jats:italic>\n                    , respectively. Finally, gamete cryopreservation trials were also carried out on these threatened species. Although cryopreserved samples showed significantly lower motility than fresh samples, some protocols generate acceptable percentages of viability, DNA integrity, and sperm motility in some species such as\n                    <jats:italic>I. lusitanicum<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>A. occidentale<\/jats:italic>\n                    . The data revealed that the protocol based on 10% DMSO plus 7.5% egg yolk generated the best results.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>This study is the first to assess the reproductive traits of wild and captive populations of endangered leuciscids endemic from the Iberian Peninsula, describing the spermatozoa kinetics and developing protocols for managing male gametes both in short- and long-term storage. Outcomes will provide new and useful tools to complement the management and conservation of ex situ breeding programs that are being developed for these four endangered species.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10695-023-01195-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,21]],"date-time":"2023-04-21T05:08:33Z","timestamp":1682053713000},"page":"1931-1945","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Assessment of male reproductive traits in endangered leuciscids from the Iberian Peninsula: first attempts to store gametes both at short- and long-term"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Ana","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Sousa-Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"F\u00e1tima","family":"Gil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Elsa","family":"Cabrita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Pedro M.","family":"Guerreiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Victor","family":"Gallego","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"1195_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2009.04.001","volume":"153","author":"SMH Alavi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Alavi SMH, Rodina M, Policar T, Linhart O (2009) Relationship between semen characteristics and body size in Barbus barbus L. 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Cryobiology 47:227\u2013235. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2003.10.002","journal-title":"Cryobiology"}],"container-title":["Fish Physiology and Biochemistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10695-023-01195-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10695-023-01195-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10695-023-01195-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]],"date-time":"2024-11-19T21:04:33Z","timestamp":1732050273000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10695-023-01195-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,21]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]}},"alternative-id":["1195"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10695-023-01195-4","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-2510277\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0920-1742","1573-5168"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0920-1742","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-5168","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 January 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 April 2023","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 April 2023","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was carried out in strict accordance with the recommendations given in the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals of the EU Directive 2010\/63\/UE, transposed in the Portuguese legislation by the Decree-Law 113\/2013, with modifications included in decree-law 1\/2019, regarding the protection of animals used for scientific purposes. The protocol was approved by the Experimental Animal Ethics Committee from the CCMAR (University of Algarve) and permits for field work were given by ICNF (Fish capture and handling licenses: 515\/2022\/CAPT (CSS), 509\/2022\/CAPT (VGA) and 506\/2022\/CAPT (PMG).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate and consent to publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}