{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T21:51:40Z","timestamp":1740174700577,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,29]],"date-time":"2024-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711670400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,29]],"date-time":"2024-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711670400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005855","name":"Universidade Nova de Lisboa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005855","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Health Econ Manag."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The magnitude of the impact of technological innovations on healthcare expenditure is unclear. This paper estimated the impact of high-technology procedures on public healthcare expenditure for patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) in Portugal. The Blinder\u2013Oaxaca decomposition method was applied to Portuguese NHS administrative data for IHD discharges during two periods, 2008\u20132015 vs. 2002\u20132007 (N\u2009=\u2009434,870). We modelled per episode healthcare expenditures on the introduction of new technologies, adjusting for GDP, patient age, and comorbidities. The per episode healthcare expenditure was significantly higher in 2008\u20132015 compared to 2002\u20132007 for IHD discharges. The increase in the use of high-technology procedures contributed to 28.6% of this growth among all IHD patients, and to 18.4%, 6.8%, 11.1%, and 29.2% for acute myocardial infarction, unstable angina, stable angina, and other IHDs, respectively. Changes in the use of stents and embolic protection and\/or coronary brachytherapy devices were the largest contributors to expenditure growth. High-technology procedures were confirmed as a key driver of public healthcare expenditure growth in Portugal, contributing to more than a quarter of this growth.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10754-024-09372-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,29]],"date-time":"2024-03-29T07:01:42Z","timestamp":1711695702000},"page":"419-437","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Contribution of high-technology procedures to public healthcare expenditures: the case of ischemic heart disease in Portugal, 2002\u20132015"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1633-3187","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenkang","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Tim\u00f3teo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Vanessa","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"C\u00e9u","family":"Mateus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6634-9000","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julian","family":"Perelman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"9372_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abrantes-Metz, R. M. (2012). The contribution of innovation to health care costs: At least 50%?. http:\/\/ssrn.com\/abstract=2121688 Accessed 31 December 2022","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.2121688"},{"issue":"1","key":"9372_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1186\/s13584-019-0356-y","volume":"8","author":"L Achdut","year":"2019","unstructured":"Achdut, L. (2019). Private expenditures on healthcare: Determinants, patterns and progressivity aspects. Israel Journal of Health Policy Research, 8(1), 87. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13584-019-0356-y","journal-title":"Israel Journal of Health Policy Research"},{"key":"9372_CR3","unstructured":"Administra\u00e7\u00e3o Central do Sistema de Sa\u00fade (ACSS). (2012). Sistema de Classifica\u00e7\u00e3o de Doentes. https:\/\/www.sns.gov.pt\/entidades-de-saude\/administracao-central-do-sistema-de-saude\/. Accessed 31 December 2022"},{"issue":"1","key":"9372_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1186\/s12939-019-1025-z","volume":"18","author":"E Amporfu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Amporfu, E., & Gr\u00e9pin, K. A. (2019). Measuring and explaining changing patterns of inequality in institutional deliveries between urban and rural women in Ghana: A decomposition analysis. International Journal for Equity in Health, 18(1), 123. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12939-019-1025-z","journal-title":"International Journal for Equity in Health"},{"issue":"9","key":"9372_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e65","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0b013e318297429c","volume":"53","author":"SR Austin","year":"2015","unstructured":"Austin, S. R., Wong, Y. N., Uzzo, R. G., Beck, J. R., & Egleston, B. L. (2015). Why summary comorbidity measures such as the Charlson comorbidity index and Elixhauser score work. Medical Care, 53(9), e65\u2013e72. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MLR.0b013e318297429c","journal-title":"Medical Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"9372_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0000000000000471","volume":"54","author":"A Bannay","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bannay, A., Chaignot, C., Bloti\u00e8re, P. O., Basson, M., Weill, A., Ricordeau, P., & Alla, F. (2016). The best use of the Charlson comorbidity index with electronic health care database to predict mortality. Medical Care, 54(2), 188\u2013194. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MLR.0000000000000471","journal-title":"Medical Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"9372_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthpol.2012.04.008","volume":"106","author":"PP Barros","year":"2012","unstructured":"Barros, P. P. (2012). Health policy reform in tough times: The case of Portugal. Health Policy, 106(1), 17\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.healthpol.2012.04.008","journal-title":"Health Policy"},{"issue":"2","key":"9372_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1080\/00036846.2011.597726","volume":"45","author":"F Bilgel","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bilgel, F., & Tran, K. C. (2013). The determinants of Canadian provincial health expenditures: Evidence from a dynamic panel. Applied Economics, 45(2), 201\u2013212. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00036846.2011.597726","journal-title":"Applied Economics"},{"issue":"4","key":"9372_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.2307\/144855","volume":"8","author":"AS Blinder","year":"1973","unstructured":"Blinder, A. S. (1973). Wage discrimination: Reduced form and structural estimates. The Journal of Human Resources, 8(4), 436\u2013455. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/144855","journal-title":"The Journal of Human Resources"},{"issue":"13","key":"9372_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1242","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1607991","volume":"375","author":"KH B\u00f8naa","year":"2016","unstructured":"B\u00f8naa, K. H., Mannsverk, J., Wiseth, R., Aaberge, L., Myreng, Y., Nyg\u00e5rd, O., et al. (2016). Drug-eluting or bare-metal stents for coronary artery disease. New England Journal of Medicine, 375(13), 1242\u20131252. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1607991","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"9372_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1257\/jel.50.3.645","volume":"50","author":"A Chandra","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chandra, A., & Skinner, J. (2012). Technology growth and expenditure growth in health care. Journal of Economic Literature, 50(3), 645\u2013680. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1257\/jel.50.3.645","journal-title":"Journal of Economic Literature"},{"key":"9372_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Charlson, M. E., Pompei, P., Ales, K. L., & MacKenzie, C. R. (1987). A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: Development and validation. Journal of Chronic Diseases, 40(5), 373\u2013383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0021-9681(87)90171-8","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9681(87)90171-8"},{"issue":"12","key":"9372_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2008.01.006","volume":"61","author":"ME Charlson","year":"2008","unstructured":"Charlson, M. E., Charlson, R. E., Peterson, J. C., Marinopoulos, S. S., Briggs, W. M., & Hollenberg, J. P. (2008). The Charlson comorbidity index is adapted to predict costs of chronic disease in primary care patients. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 61(12), 1234\u20131240. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2008.01.006","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Epidemiology"},{"key":"9372_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Charlson, M., Wells, M. T., Ullman, R., King, F., & Shmukler, C. (2014). The Charlson Comorbidity Index can be used prospectively to identify patients who will incur high future costs. PLoS ONE, 9(12), e112479. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0112479","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0112479"},{"key":"9372_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.worlddev.2018.05.012","volume":"110","author":"YPY Chen,& Zhang,","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chen,& Zhang, Y. P. Y. (2018). A decomposition method on employment and wage discrimination and its application in urban China (2002\u20132013). World Development, 110, 1\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.worlddev.2018.05.012","journal-title":"World Development"},{"key":"9372_CR16","unstructured":"Cohen, D. J. (2019). Are drug-eluting stents safer than bare-metal stents? NEJM Journal Watch. https:\/\/www.jwatch.org\/na49095\/2019\/06\/04\/are-drug-eluting-stents-safer-bare-metal-stents. Accessed 31 December 2022"},{"issue":"5","key":"9372_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.20.5.11","volume":"20","author":"DM Cutler","year":"2001","unstructured":"Cutler, D. M., & McClellan, M. (2001). Is technological change in medicine worth it? Health Affairs, 20(5), 11\u201329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1377\/hlthaff.20.5.11","journal-title":"Health Affairs"},{"key":"9372_CR18","unstructured":"Dababneh, E., & Goldstein, S. (2022). Chronic ischemic heart disease selection of treatment modality. StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK507703\/. Accessed 31 December 2022."},{"key":"9372_CR46","unstructured":"Di\u00e1rio da Rep\u00fablica. (2018). Republic Diary No. 254\/2018, Series 1 of 2018-09-07 [In Portuguese]. Di\u00e1rio da Rep\u00fablica \/Health, 4497\u20134706. https:\/\/dre.pt\/dre\/en\/detail\/order\/254-2018-116353279. Accessed 31 December 2022."},{"issue":"17","key":"9372_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1668","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.15927","volume":"318","author":"JL Dieleman","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dieleman, J. L., Squires, E., Bui, A. L., Campbell, M., Chapin, A., Hamavid, H., et al. (2017). Factors associated with increases in US health care spending, 1996\u20132013. JAMA, 318(17), 1668\u20131678. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2017.15927","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"9372_CR20","unstructured":"Dybczak, K., & Przywara, B. (2010). The role of technology in health care expenditure in the EU. European Economy\u2014Economic Papers 2008\u20132015. Directorate General Economic and Financial Affairs (DG ECFIN), European Commission. https:\/\/ideas.repec.org\/p\/euf\/ecopap\/0400.html. Accessed 31 December 2022."},{"issue":"5","key":"9372_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4733.2007.00186.x","volume":"10","author":"LP Garrison","year":"2007","unstructured":"Garrison, L. P., Neumann, P. J., Erickson, P., Marshall, D., & Daniel Mullins, C. (2007). Using real-world data for coverage and payment decisions: The ISPOR real-world data task force report why a real-world data task force? Growing use of evidence syntheses and outcomes research. Value in Health, 10(5), 326\u2013335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1524-4733.2007.00186.x","journal-title":"Value in Health"},{"key":"9372_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.5935\/abc.20190109","volume":"113","author":"J Gil","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gil, J., Abreu, L., Antunes, H., Gon\u00e7alves, M. L., Pires, M. I., dos Santos, L. F., et al. (2019). Application of risks scores in acute coronary syndromes. How does ProACS hold up against other risks scores? Arquivos Brasileiros De Cardiologia, 113, 20\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5935\/abc.20190109","journal-title":"Arquivos Brasileiros De Cardiologia"},{"key":"9372_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Green, M. A., & Rowe, F. (2021). Explaining the widening distribution of Body Mass Index: A decomposition analysis of trends for England, 2002\u20132004 and 2012\u20132014. Area, 53(2), 362\u2013372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/area.12675","DOI":"10.1111\/area.12675"},{"issue":"36","key":"9372_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4455","DOI":"10.1080\/00036846.2014.964829","volume":"46","author":"J Hartwig","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hartwig, J., & Sturm, J.-E. (2014). Robust determinants of health care expenditure growth. Applied Economics, 46(36), 4455\u20134474. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00036846.2014.964829","journal-title":"Applied Economics"},{"key":"9372_CR25","unstructured":"Hassan, M., Barragan, L., & Nan, C. (2019. Wage discrimination between U.S. born citizens vs. naturalized citizens or legal residents. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/341090127_Wage_Discrimination_Between_US_Born_Citizens_vs_Naturalized_Citizens_or_Legal_Residents"},{"key":"9372_CR26","unstructured":"Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. (2019). Global Burden of Disease 2019 (GBD 2019) Data Resources. University of Washington. https:\/\/vizhub.healthdata.org\/gbd-compare\/. Accessed 31 December 2022."},{"issue":"4","key":"9372_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1177\/1536867X0800800401","volume":"8","author":"B Jann","year":"2008","unstructured":"Jann, B. (2008). The Blinder\u2013Oaxaca decomposition for linear regression models. The Stata Journal, 8(4), 453\u2013479. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1536867X0800800401","journal-title":"The Stata Journal"},{"issue":"2","key":"9372_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19020424","volume":"19","author":"E Kandaswamy","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kandaswamy, E., & Zuo, L. (2018). Recent advances in treatment of coronary artery disease: Role of science and technology. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 19(2), 424\u2013442. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms19020424","journal-title":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences"},{"key":"9372_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Karbeah, J. M. (2020). Wage discrimination within health care professions: An intersectional analysis. Health Services Research, 55(S1), 70\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1475-6773.13426","DOI":"10.1111\/1475-6773.13426"},{"key":"9372_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Liu, Y.-M. (2020). Population aging, technological innovation, and the growth of health expenditure: Evidence from patients with type 2 diabetes in taiwan. Value in Health Regional Issues, 21, 120\u2013126. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vhri.2019.07.012","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vhri.2019.07.012"},{"key":"9372_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lobo, M. F., Azzone, V., Resnic, F. S., Melica, B., Teixeira-Pinto, A., Azevedo, L. F., et al. (2017). The Atlantic divide in coronary heart disease: Epidemiology and patient care in the US and Portugal. Revista Portuguesa de Cardiologia, 36(9), 583\u2013593. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.repc.2016.09.021","DOI":"10.1016\/j.repc.2016.09.021"},{"key":"9372_CR32","unstructured":"Mayo Clinic. (2021). Angina treatment: Stents, drugs, lifestyle changes\u2014What\u2019s best? Mayo Clinic. https:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/diseases-conditions\/coronary-artery-disease\/in-depth\/angina-treatment\/art-20046240. Accessed 1 January 2023"},{"key":"9372_CR33","unstructured":"Mechanic, O. J., Gavin, M., & Grossman, S. A. (2022). Acute myocardial infarction. StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK459269\/. Accessed 31 December 2022"},{"key":"9372_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Meskarpour Amiri, M., Kazemian, M., Motaghed, Z., & Abdi, Z. (2021). Systematic review of factors determining health care expenditures. Health Policy and Technology, 10(2), 100498. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.hlpt.2021.01.004","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hlpt.2021.01.004"},{"key":"9372_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Murthy, V. N. R., & Okunade, A. A. (2016). Determinants of U.S. health expenditure: Evidence from autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach to cointegration. Economic Modelling, 59, 67\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.econmod.2016.07.001","DOI":"10.1016\/j.econmod.2016.07.001"},{"issue":"1","key":"9372_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1007\/s10754-016-9196-2","volume":"17","author":"VNR Murthy","year":"2017","unstructured":"Murthy, V. N. R., & Ketenci, N. (2017). Is technology still a major driver of health expenditure in the United States? Evidence from cointegration analysis with multiple structural breaks. International Journal of Health Economics and Management, 17(1), 29\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10754-016-9196-2","journal-title":"International Journal of Health Economics and Management"},{"key":"9372_CR37","unstructured":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. (2022). Stable angina | Treatment summaries. https:\/\/bnf.nice.org.uk\/treatment-summaries\/stable-angina\/. Accessed 1 January 2023"},{"key":"9372_CR38","unstructured":"Neumann, P. J., & Weinstein, M. C. (1991). The diffusion of new technology: Costs and benefits to health care. In A. C. Gelijins & E. A. Halm (Eds.), The Changing Economics of Medical Technology. National Academies Press (US). https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK234309\/. Accessed 31 December 2022"},{"issue":"1","key":"9372_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1186\/s13561-017-0164-4","volume":"7","author":"SH Nghiem","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nghiem, S. H., & Connelly, L. B. (2017). Convergence and determinants of health expenditures in OECD countries. Health Economics Review, 7(1), 29. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13561-017-0164-4","journal-title":"Health Economics Review"},{"issue":"42","key":"9372_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2950","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehu299","volume":"35","author":"M Nichols","year":"2014","unstructured":"Nichols, M., Townsend, N., Scarborough, P., & Rayner, M. (2014). Cardiovascular disease in Europe 2014: Epidemiological update. European Heart Journal, 35(42), 2950\u20132959. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehu299","journal-title":"European Heart Journal"},{"issue":"3","key":"9372_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.2307\/2525981","volume":"14","author":"R Oaxaca","year":"1973","unstructured":"Oaxaca, R. (1973). Male-female wage differentials in urban labor markets. International Economic Review, 14(3), 693\u2013709. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/2525981","journal-title":"International Economic Review"},{"key":"9372_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Okunade, A. A., & Osmani, A. R. (2018). Technology, productivity, and costs in healthcare. In Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Economics and Finance (pp. 1\u201321). Oxford University Press. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/acrefore\/9780190625979.013.64","DOI":"10.1093\/acrefore\/9780190625979.013.64"},{"key":"9372_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Pereira, M., Azevedo, A., Lunet, N., Carreira, H., O\u2019Flaherty, M., Capewell, S., & Bennett, K. (2013). Explaining the decline in coronary heart disease mortality in Portugal between 1995 and 2008. Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes, 6(6), 634\u2013642. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.113.000264","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.113.000264"},{"issue":"1","key":"9372_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1007\/s10198-010-0276-9","volume":"13","author":"DC Prieto","year":"2012","unstructured":"Prieto, D. C., & Lago-Pe\u00f1as, S. (2012). Decomposing the determinants of health care expenditure: The case of Spain. The European Journal of Health Economics, 13(1), 19\u201327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10198-010-0276-9","journal-title":"The European Journal of Health Economics"},{"issue":"1","key":"9372_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/s12982-021-00100-9","volume":"18","author":"E Rahimi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rahimi, E., & Hashemi Nazari, S. S. (2021). A detailed explanation and graphical representation of the Blinder\u2013Oaxaca decomposition method with its application in health inequalities. Emerging Themes in Epidemiology, 18(1), 12. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12982-021-00100-9","journal-title":"Emerging Themes in Epidemiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"9372_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1186\/s13561-020-00278-9","volume":"10","author":"I Rodriguez Santana","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rodriguez Santana, I., Arag\u00f3n, M. J., Rice, N., & Mason, A. R. (2020). Trends in and drivers of healthcare expenditure in the English NHS: A retrospective analysis. Health Economics Review, 10(1), 20. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13561-020-00278-9","journal-title":"Health Economics Review"},{"key":"9372_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Roth, G. A., Mensah, G. A., Johnson, C. O., Addolorato, G., Ammirati, E., Baddour, L. M., et al. (2020). Global burden of cardiovascular diseases and risk factors, 1990\u20132019: Update from the GBD 2019 study. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 76(25), 2982\u20133021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.11.010","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.11.010"},{"issue":"1","key":"9372_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1186\/s13561-016-0097-3","volume":"6","author":"MF Sharaf","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sharaf, M. F., & Rashad, A. S. (2016). Regional inequalities in child malnutrition in Egypt, Jordan, and Yemen: A Blinder\u2013Oaxaca decomposition analysis. Health Economics Review, 6(1), 23. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13561-016-0097-3","journal-title":"Health Economics Review"},{"issue":"5","key":"9372_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1162\/REST_a_00535","volume":"97","author":"J Skinner","year":"2015","unstructured":"Skinner, J., & Staiger, D. (2015). Technology diffusion and productivity growth in health care. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 97(5), 951\u2013964. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/REST_a_00535","journal-title":"The Review of Economics and Statistics"},{"key":"9372_CR51","unstructured":"Statista. (2022). Portugal - Inflation rate 1986 - 2026. https:\/\/www.statista.com\/statistics\/372347\/inflation-rate-in-portugal\/. Accessed 31 December 2022"},{"key":"9372_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tim\u00f3teo, A. T., Gouveia, M., Soares, C., & Cruz Ferreira, R. (2020). Indirect costs of myocardial infarction in Portugal. Revista Portuguesa de Cardiologia, 39(5), 245\u2013251. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.repc.2019.09.010","DOI":"10.1016\/j.repc.2019.09.010"},{"key":"9372_CR53","first-page":"49","volume":"8","author":"J Urbano","year":"1990","unstructured":"Urbano, J., & Bentes, M. (1990). Defini\u00e7\u00e3o de produ\u00e7\u00e3o do hospital: Os grupos de diagn\u00f3sticos homog\u00e9neos. Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, 8, 49\u201360.","journal-title":"Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica"},{"key":"9372_CR54","unstructured":"Wilkins, E., Wilson, L., Wickramasinghe, K., Bhatnagar, P., Leal, J., Luengo-Fernandez, R., et al. (2017). European cardiovascular disease statistics 2017. https:\/\/ehnheart.org\/images\/CVD-statistics-report-August-2017.pdf. Accessed 31 December 2022"},{"key":"9372_CR55","unstructured":"World Bank. (n.d.). GDP per capita (constant 2010 US$)\u2014Portugal. https:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/indicator\/NY.GDP.PCAP.KD?end=2020&locations=PT&start=1960&view=chart. Accessed 31 December 2022"},{"key":"9372_CR56","unstructured":"World Health Organization\/Europe. (2021). Cardiovascular diseases\u2014data and statistics. https:\/\/www.euro.who.int\/en\/health-topics\/noncommunicable-diseases\/cardiovascular-diseases\/data-and-statistics. Accessed 31 December 2022"},{"issue":"4","key":"9372_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1007\/s10663-013-9233-z","volume":"41","author":"P-C Wu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wu, P.-C., Liu, S.-Y., & Pan, S.-C. (2014). Nonlinear relationship between health care expenditure and its determinants: A panel smooth transition regression model. Empirica, 41(4), 713\u2013729. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10663-013-9233-z","journal-title":"Empirica"},{"key":"9372_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"You, X., & Okunade, A. A. (2017). Income and technology as drivers of Australian Healthcare Expenditures. Health Economics, 26(7), 853\u2013862. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hec.3403","DOI":"10.1002\/hec.3403"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Health Economics and Management"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10754-024-09372-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10754-024-09372-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10754-024-09372-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T05:33:48Z","timestamp":1727760828000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10754-024-09372-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,29]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]}},"alternative-id":["9372"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10754-024-09372-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["2199-9023","2199-9031"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2199-9023"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2199-9031"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"18 May 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 March 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 March 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}