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According to these rules and guidelines, the use of clinic databases and patient biological material for diagnosis and research can be used without further ethical approval, under strict individual anonymity, and after patient written informed consent. Regarding the use of semen samples for laboratorial experimentation at ICBAS-UP, the Ethics Committee authorization number is Project 2019\/CE\/P017 (266\/CETI\/ICBAS).","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}