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Chagas and J. F. S. Gomes declarations of interest is none. Mark D. Griffiths declarations of interest: Mark D. Griffiths\u2019s university currently receives funding from Norsk Tipping (the gambling operator owned by the Norwegian Government). The third author has received funding for a number of research projects in the area of gambling education for young people, social responsibility in gambling and gambling treatment from Gamble Aware (formerly the Responsibility in Gambling Trust), a charitable body which funds its research program based on donations from the gambling industry. The third author also undertakes consultancy for various gaming companies in the area of social responsibility in gambling.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}