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Stoic philosophy has influenced various therapeutic traditions. Individuals today may adopt an approach to life representing a naive Stoic Ideology, which nevertheless reflects a misinterpretation of stoic philosophy. How do these interpretations affect well-being and meaning in life? We examine the differential effects of Stoic Ideology on eudaimonic versus hedonic well-being across three cultural contexts. In this pre-registered study, across samples in New Zealand (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009636), Norway (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009290), and the US (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009381) we found that a) Stoic Ideology can be measured across all three contexts and b) Converging evidence that Stoic Ideology was negatively related to both hedonic well-being and eudaimonic well-being. Focusing on specific relationships, we found especially pronounced effects for Taciturnity (the desire to not express emotions) and Serenity (the desire to feel less emotions). Despite being a misinterpretation of stoic philosophy, these findings highlight the important role of individuals\u2019 orientations to emotional processing for well-being.\n<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10902-022-00563-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,12]],"date-time":"2022-08-12T17:03:28Z","timestamp":1660323808000},"page":"3531-3547","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Misunderstood Stoicism: The negative Association Between Stoic Ideology and well-Being"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5166-0728","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Johannes Alfons","family":"Karl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9164-7170","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul","family":"Verhaeghen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6071-4641","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shelley N.","family":"Aikman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6942-2645","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stian","family":"Solem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6655-4178","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Espen R.","family":"Lassen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3055-3955","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ronald","family":"Fischer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"563_CR1","volume-title":"Cognitive Therapy of Depression","author":"AT Beck","year":"1979","unstructured":"Beck, A. 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