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Evidence from tissue biopsies showed that exercise restores PQC system in HF; however, little is known about its effects on plasma proteostasis.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>To determine the effects of exercise training on the load and composition of plasma SDS-resistant protein aggregates (SRA) in patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Eighteen patients with HFrEF (age: 63.4\u2009\u00b1\u20096.5 years; LVEF: 33.4\u2009\u00b1\u200911.6%) participated in a 12-week combined (aerobic plus resistance) exercise program (60\u00a0min\/session, twice per week). The load and content of circulating SRA were assessed using D2D SDS-PAGE and mass spectrometry. Cardiorespiratory fitness, quality of life, and circulating levels of high-sensitive C-reactive protein, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), haptoglobin and ficolin-3, were also evaluated at baseline and after the exercise program.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The exercise program decreased the plasma SRA load (% SRA\/total protein: 38.0\u2009\u00b1\u20098.9 to 36.1\u2009\u00b1\u20099.7%, p\u2009=\u20090.018; % SRA\/soluble fraction: 64.3\u2009\u00b1\u200927.1 to 59.8\u2009\u00b1\u200927.7%, p\u2009=\u20090.003). Plasma SRA of HFrEF patients comprised 31 proteins, with \u03b1-2-macroglobulin and haptoglobin as the most abundant ones. The exercise training significantly increased haptoglobin plasma levels (1.03\u2009\u00b1\u20090.40 to 1.11\u2009\u00b1\u20090.46, p\u2009=\u20090.031), while decreasing its abundance in SRA (1.83\u2009\u00b1\u20090.54\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup> to 1.51\u2009\u00b1\u20090.59\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>, p\u2009=\u20090.049). Cardiorespiratory fitness [16.4(5.9) to 19.0(5.2) ml\/kg\/min, p\u2009=\u20090.002], quality of life, and circulating NT-proBNP [720.0(850.0) to 587.0(847.3) pg\/mL, p\u2009=\u20090.048] levels, also improved after the exercise program.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Exercise training reduced the plasma SRA load and enhanced PQC, potentially via haptoglobin-mediated action, while improving cardiorespiratory fitness and quality of life of patients with HFrEF.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-023-04884-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,30]],"date-time":"2023-10-30T09:02:22Z","timestamp":1698656542000},"page":"2711-2722","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Exercise training decreases the load and changes the content of circulating SDS-resistant protein aggregates in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"479","author":[{"given":"Marisol","family":"Gouveia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Cristine","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Priscilla Gois","family":"Basilio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Susana S.","family":"Aveiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Domingues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ke","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Wilfredo","family":"Col\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Vitorino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Rita","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M\u00e1rio","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Sandra I.","family":"Vieira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"4884_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Savarese G, Becher PM, Lund LH et al (2022) Global burden of Heart Failure: a comprehensive and updated review of epidemiology. 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