{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T05:14:58Z","timestamp":1791263698993,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":100,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773100800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773100800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008331","name":"Universidade Federal Do Rio De Janeiro","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008331","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurochem Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Brain aging involves progressive disruption of tissue homeostasis and susceptibility to neurodegenerative disorders. Within this context, astrocytes are key determinants of region-specific physiology, given their roles in metabolic support, synapse regulation, proteostasis, neuroinflammation, and blood-brain barrier maintenance. Aging is accompanied by broad transcriptional and functional remodeling in astrocytes, leading to the emergence of distinct cellular states that cannot be defined by classical morphological criteria alone. This review discusses how aging modifies astrocyte identities toward reactive and senescence-like states. We summarize core features of astrocyte senescence, including altered secretory signaling, impaired neuronal support, and changes in mitochondrial and proteostatic pathways, while integrating recent single-cell and regionally transcriptomic studies that delineate multiple reactive states associated with aging and pathological contexts. We further address evidence that reactivity and senescence are not mutually exclusive endpoints, but may coexist, arise sequentially, or partially overlap depending on timing, brain region, biological sex, and pathological insults. Finally, we define key open questions and experimental priorities required to establish the temporal and causal relationships among astrocyte states. We argue that resolving these issues is essential for advancing therapeutic strategies that specifically target defined astrocyte phenotypes, rather than nonspecifically suppressing astrocyte activity, in aging and neurodegenerative diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-026-04709-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T02:10:43Z","timestamp":1773108643000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Astrocyte States in Brain Aging and Neurodegeneration: At the Crossroads of Senescence and Reactivity"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Jo\u00e3o Bastos Lima","family":"Pacca-Corr\u00eaa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beatriz Martins","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Siqueira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raffaela","family":"Schafbenker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriela Joras","family":"Baumart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabella Vivarini","family":"Damico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fl\u00e1via Carvalho Alcantara","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isadora","family":"Matias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"4709_CR1","volume-title":"StatPearls","author":"L Thau","year":"2025","unstructured":"Thau L, Reddy V, Singh P (2025) Anatomy, Central Nervous System. StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing, Treasure Island (FL)"},{"key":"4709_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.21974","volume":"513","author":"FAC Azevedo","year":"2009","unstructured":"Azevedo FAC, Carvalho LRB, Grinberg LT et al (2009) Equal numbers of neuronal and nonneuronal cells make the human brain an isometrically scaled-up primate brain. J Comp Neurol 513:532\u2013541. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cne.21974","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"4709_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.051508.135600","volume":"32","author":"A Kriegstein","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kriegstein A, Alvarez-Buylla A (2009) The glial nature of embryonic and adult neural stem cells. Annu Rev Neurosci 32:149\u2013184. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev.neuro.051508.135600","journal-title":"Annu Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"4709_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2019.09.004","volume":"42","author":"A Sierra","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sierra A, Paolicelli RC, Kettenmann H (2019) Cien a\u00f1os de microgl\u00eda: milestones in a century of microglial research. Trends Neurosci 42:778\u2013792. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tins.2019.09.004","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"key":"4709_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2022.11.001","volume":"186","author":"C L\u00f3pez-Ot\u00edn","year":"2023","unstructured":"L\u00f3pez-Ot\u00edn C, Blasco MA, Partridge L et al (2023) Hallmarks of aging: an expanding universe. Cell 186:243\u2013278. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2022.11.001","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"4709_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2024.12.007","volume":"113","author":"ED Sun","year":"2025","unstructured":"Sun ED, Nagvekar R, Pogson AN, Brunet A (2025) Brain aging and rejuvenation at single-cell resolution. Neuron 113:82\u2013108. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuron.2024.12.007","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"4709_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-019-0244-7","volume":"15","author":"Y Hou","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hou Y, Dan X, Babbar M et al (2019) Ageing as a risk factor for neurodegenerative disease. Nat Rev Neurol 15:565\u2013581. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41582-019-0244-7","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"4709_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1038\/s41573-020-0072-x","volume":"19","author":"SC Cunnane","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cunnane SC, Trushina E, Morland C et al (2020) Brain energy rescue: an emerging therapeutic concept for neurodegenerative disorders of ageing. Nat Rev Drug Discov 19:609\u2013633. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41573-020-0072-x","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"key":"4709_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1080\/13607863.2018.1544213","volume":"24","author":"S Cahill","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cahill S (2020) WHO\u2019s global action plan on the public health response to dementia: some challenges and opportunities. Aging Ment Health 24:197\u2013199. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13607863.2018.1544213","journal-title":"Aging Ment Health"},{"key":"4709_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e105","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(21)00249-8","volume":"7","author":"E Nichols","year":"2022","unstructured":"Nichols E, Steinmetz JD, Vollset SE et al (2022) Estimation of the global prevalence of dementia in 2019 and forecasted prevalence in 2050: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet Public Health 7:e105\u2013e125. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2468-2667(21)00249-8","journal-title":"Lancet Public Health"},{"key":"4709_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1038\/nature20411","volume":"539","author":"T Wyss-Coray","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wyss-Coray T (2016) Ageing, neurodegeneration and brain rejuvenation. Nature 539:180\u2013186. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature20411","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"4709_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.12937","volume":"18","author":"J Cohen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cohen J, Torres C (2019) Astrocyte senescence: evidence and significance. Aging Cell 18:e12937. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/acel.12937","journal-title":"Aging Cell"},{"key":"4709_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-025-02145-7","volume":"10","author":"Q Jiang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Jiang Q, Liu J, Huang S et al (2025) Antiageing strategy for neurodegenerative diseases: from mechanisms to clinical advances. Sig Transduct Target Ther 10:76. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41392-025-02145-7","journal-title":"Sig Transduct Target Ther"},{"key":"4709_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2022.931536","volume":"14","author":"J Lee","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lee J, Kim H-J (2022) Normal aging induces changes in the brain and neurodegeneration progress: review of the structural, biochemical, metabolic, cellular, and molecular changes. Front Aging Neurosci 14:931536. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnagi.2022.931536","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"key":"4709_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2018.00339","volume":"10","author":"K Jin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jin K, Zhang T, Shaw M et al (2018) Relationship between sulcal characteristics and brain aging. Front Aging Neurosci 10:339. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnagi.2018.00339","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"key":"4709_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmech.2021.705653","volume":"7","author":"Y Blinkouskaya","year":"2021","unstructured":"Blinkouskaya Y, Weickenmeier J (2021) Brain shape changes associated with cerebral atrophy in healthy aging and Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Front Mech Eng 7:705653. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmech.2021.705653","journal-title":"Front Mech Eng"},{"key":"4709_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1003467","volume":"17","author":"S Suri","year":"2020","unstructured":"Suri S, Chiesa ST, Zsoldos E et al (2020) Associations between arterial stiffening and brain structure, perfusion, and cognition in the Whitehall II Imaging Sub-study: a retrospective cohort study. PLoS Med 17:e1003467. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pmed.1003467","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"4709_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1208","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI95145","volume":"128","author":"DJ Baker","year":"2018","unstructured":"Baker DJ, Petersen RC (2018) Cellular senescence in brain aging and neurodegenerative diseases: evidence and perspectives. J Clin Invest 128:1208\u20131216. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/JCI95145","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"4709_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.13980","volume":"23","author":"LC Ceafalan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ceafalan LC, Fertig TE, Gheorghe TC et al (2019) Age-related ultrastructural changes of the basement membrane in the mouse blood\u2010brain barrier. J Cell Mol Med 23:819\u2013827. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jcmm.13980","journal-title":"J Cell Mol Med"},{"key":"4709_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-020-0588-8","volume":"23","author":"F Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang F, Ren S-Y, Chen J-F et al (2020) Myelin degeneration and diminished myelin renewal contribute to age-related deficits in memory. Nat Neurosci 23:481\u2013486. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41593-020-0588-8","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"4709_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3200","volume":"13","author":"JH Morrison","year":"2012","unstructured":"Morrison JH, Baxter MG (2012) The ageing cortical synapse: hallmarks and implications for cognitive decline. Nat Rev Neurosci 13:240\u2013250. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrn3200","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"4709_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2012.09.077","volume":"251","author":"DL Dickstein","year":"2013","unstructured":"Dickstein DL, Weaver CM, Luebke JI, Hof PR (2013) Dendritic spine changes associated with normal aging. Neuroscience 251:21\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2012.09.077","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"4709_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1018","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2019.03.096","volume":"27","author":"LC Graham","year":"2019","unstructured":"Graham LC, Naldrett MJ, Kohama SG et al (2019) Regional molecular mapping of primate synapses during normal healthy aging. Cell Rep 27:1018\u20131026e4. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.celrep.2019.03.096","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"4709_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101311","volume":"67","author":"VA Pandya","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pandya VA, Patani R (2021) Region-specific vulnerability in neurodegeneration: lessons from normal ageing. Ageing Res Rev 67:101311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101311","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev"},{"key":"4709_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.12.039","volume":"22","author":"MM Boisvert","year":"2018","unstructured":"Boisvert MM, Erikson GA, Shokhirev MN, Allen NJ (2018) The aging astrocyte transcriptome from multiple regions of the mouse brain. Cell Rep 22:269\u2013285. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.12.039","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"4709_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.07.027","volume":"186","author":"O Hahn","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hahn O, Foltz AG, Atkins M et al (2023) Atlas of the aging mouse brain reveals white matter as vulnerable foci. Cell 186:4117\u20134133e22. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2023.07.027","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"4709_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2024.12.010","volume":"113","author":"L Labarta-Bajo","year":"2025","unstructured":"Labarta-Bajo L, Allen NJ (2025) Astrocytes in aging. Neuron 113:109\u2013126. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuron.2024.12.010","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"4709_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.12.011","volume":"18","author":"L Soreq","year":"2017","unstructured":"Soreq L, Rose J, Soreq E et al (2017) Major shifts in glial regional identity are a transcriptional hallmark of human brain aging. Cell Rep 18:557\u2013570. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.12.011","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"4709_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2384","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-024-01791-4","volume":"27","author":"A Serrano-Pozo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Serrano-Pozo A, Li H, Li Z et al (2024) Astrocyte transcriptomic changes along the spatiotemporal progression of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Nat Neurosci 27:2384\u20132400. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41593-024-01791-4","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"4709_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1824","volume":"7","author":"NJ Abbott","year":"2006","unstructured":"Abbott NJ, R\u00f6nnb\u00e4ck L, Hansson E (2006) Astrocyte\u2013endothelial interactions at the blood\u2013brain barrier. Nat Rev Neurosci 7:41\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrn1824","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"4709_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-35383-2","volume":"13","author":"A Institoris","year":"2022","unstructured":"Institoris A, Vandal M, Peringod G et al (2022) Astrocytes amplify neurovascular coupling to sustained activation of neocortex in awake mice. Nat Commun 13:7872. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-022-35383-2","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"4709_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4653","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-018-1396-y","volume":"56","author":"LP Diniz","year":"2019","unstructured":"Diniz LP, Matias I, Siqueira M et al (2019) Astrocytes and the TGF-\u03b21 pathway in the healthy and diseased brain: a double-edged sword. Mol Neurobiol 56:4653\u20134679. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12035-018-1396-y","journal-title":"Mol Neurobiol"},{"key":"4709_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2024.114193","volume":"43","author":"Q Ye","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ye Q, Jo J, Wang C-Y et al (2024) Astrocytic Slc4a4 regulates blood-brain barrier integrity in healthy and stroke brains via a CCL2-CCR2 pathway and NO dysregulation. Cell Rep 43:114193. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.celrep.2024.114193","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"4709_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1038\/nature18928","volume":"535","author":"K Hayakawa","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hayakawa K, Esposito E, Wang X et al (2016) Transfer of mitochondria from astrocytes to neurons after stroke. Nature 535:551\u2013555. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature18928","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"4709_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adk2913","volume":"10","author":"D Liu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Liu D, Liao P, Li H et al (2024) Regulation of blood-brain barrier integrity by Dmp1 -expressing astrocytes through mitochondrial transfer. Sci Adv 10:eadk2913. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/sciadv.adk2913","journal-title":"Sci Adv"},{"key":"4709_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41432","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M112.380824","volume":"287","author":"LP Diniz","year":"2012","unstructured":"Diniz LP, Almeida JC, Tortelli V et al (2012) Astrocyte-induced synaptogenesis is mediated by transforming growth factor \u03b2 signaling through modulation of D-serine levels in cerebral cortex neurons. J Biol Chem 287:41432\u201341445. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1074\/jbc.M112.380824","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"4709_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a041352","volume":"16","author":"W-S Chung","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chung W-S, Baldwin KT, Allen NJ (2024) Astrocyte regulation of synapse formation, maturation, and elimination. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 16:a041352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/cshperspect.a041352","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol"},{"key":"4709_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00042.2016","volume":"98","author":"A Verkhratsky","year":"2018","unstructured":"Verkhratsky A, Nedergaard M (2018) Physiology of astroglia. Physiol Rev 98:239\u2013389. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/physrev.00042.2016","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"4709_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3276","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4707-08.2009","volume":"29","author":"NA Oberheim","year":"2009","unstructured":"Oberheim NA, Takano T, Han X et al (2009) Uniquely hominid features of adult human astrocytes. J Neurosci 29:3276\u20133287. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4707-08.2009","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"4709_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2019.00059","volume":"11","author":"I Matias","year":"2019","unstructured":"Matias I, Morgado J, Gomes FCA (2019) Astrocyte heterogeneity: impact to brain aging and disease. Front Aging Neurosci 11:59. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnagi.2019.00059","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"key":"4709_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2022.12.010","volume":"123","author":"H Bondi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bondi H, Chiazza F, Masante I et al (2023) Heterogenous response to aging of astrocytes in murine Substantia Nigra pars compacta and pars reticulata. Neurobiol Aging 123:23\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2022.12.010","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"key":"4709_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.13334","volume":"20","author":"A Popov","year":"2021","unstructured":"Popov A, Brazhe A, Denisov P et al (2021) Astrocyte dystrophy in ageing brain parallels impaired synaptic plasticity. Aging Cell 20:e13334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/acel.13334","journal-title":"Aging Cell"},{"key":"4709_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E1896","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1800165115","volume":"115","author":"LE Clarke","year":"2018","unstructured":"Clarke LE, Liddelow SA, Chakraborty C et al (2018) Normal aging induces A1-like astrocyte reactivity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 115:E1896\u2013E1905. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.1800165115","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"4709_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s43587-022-00257-1","author":"E Lee","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lee E, Jung Y-J, Park YR et al (2022) A distinct astrocyte subtype in the aging mouse brain characterized by impaired protein homeostasis. Nat Aging. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s43587-022-00257-1","journal-title":"Nat Aging"},{"key":"4709_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.14493","volume":"24","author":"F Cabral-Miranda","year":"2025","unstructured":"Cabral-Miranda F, Araujo APB, Medinas DB, Gomes FCA (2025) Astrocytic Hevin\/SPARCL-1 regulates cognitive decline in pathological and normal brain aging. Aging Cell 24:e14493. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/acel.14493","journal-title":"Aging Cell"},{"key":"4709_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.13521","volume":"21","author":"I Matias","year":"2022","unstructured":"Matias I, Diniz LP, Damico IV et al (2022) Loss of lamin-B1 and defective nuclear morphology are hallmarks of astrocyte senescence in vitro and in the aging human hippocampus. Aging Cell 21:e13521. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/acel.13521","journal-title":"Aging Cell"},{"key":"4709_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2024.1496163","volume":"18","author":"APB Araujo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Araujo APB, Vargas G, Hayashide L et al (2024) Aging promotes an increase in mitochondrial fragmentation in astrocytes. Front Cell Neurosci 18:1496163. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fncel.2024.1496163","journal-title":"Front Cell Neurosci"},{"issue":"8","key":"4709_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2024.167470","volume":"1870","author":"LP Diniz","year":"2024","unstructured":"Diniz LP, Araujo APB, Carvalho CF et al (2024) Accumulation of damaged mitochondria in aging astrocytes due to mitophagy dysfunction: implications for susceptibility to mitochondrial stress. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 167470. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbadis.2024.167470","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis"},{"key":"4709_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/17590914231157974","volume":"15","author":"I Matias","year":"2023","unstructured":"Matias I, Diniz LP, Araujo APB et al (2023) Age-associated upregulation of glutamate transporters and glutamine synthetase in senescent astrocytes in vitro and in the mouse and human hippocampus. ASN Neuro 15:17590914231157974. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/17590914231157974","journal-title":"ASN Neuro"},{"key":"4709_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23084168","volume":"23","author":"N Kudlova","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kudlova N, De Sanctis JB, Hajduch M (2022) Cellular senescence: molecular targets, biomarkers, and senolytic drugs. IJMS 23:4168. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms23084168","journal-title":"IJMS"},{"key":"4709_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-024-00738-8","volume":"25","author":"V Suryadevara","year":"2024","unstructured":"Suryadevara V, Hudgins AD, Rajesh A et al (2024) SenNet recommendations for detecting senescent cells in different tissues. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 25:1001\u20131023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41580-024-00738-8","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"4709_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"996","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1474-9726.2012.00870.x","volume":"11","author":"D Jurk","year":"2012","unstructured":"Jurk D, Wang C, Miwa S et al (2012) Postmitotic neurons develop a p21-dependent senescence\u2010like phenotype driven by a DNA damage response. Aging Cell 11:996\u20131004. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1474-9726.2012.00870.x","journal-title":"Aging Cell"},{"key":"4709_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcb.2018.03.003","volume":"28","author":"P Sapieha","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sapieha P, Mallette FA (2018) Cellular senescence in postmitotic cells: beyond growth arrest. Trends Cell Biol 28:595\u2013607. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tcb.2018.03.003","journal-title":"Trends Cell Biol"},{"key":"4709_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-020-00314-w","volume":"22","author":"R Di Micco","year":"2021","unstructured":"Di Micco R, Krizhanovsky V, Baker D, di d\u2019Adda Fagagna F (2021) Cellular senescence in ageing: from mechanisms to therapeutic opportunities. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 22:75\u201395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41580-020-00314-w","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"4709_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1534263","volume":"16","author":"C Li","year":"2025","unstructured":"Li C, Yuan Y, Jia Y et al (2025) Cellular senescence: from homeostasis to pathological implications and therapeutic strategies. Front Immunol 16:1534263. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1534263","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"4709_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2023.1250264","volume":"11","author":"P Pizzul","year":"2023","unstructured":"Pizzul P, Rinaldi C, Bonetti D (2023) The multistep path to replicative senescence onset: zooming on triggering and inhibitory events at telomeric DNA. Front Cell Dev Biol 11:1250264. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcell.2023.1250264","journal-title":"Front Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"4709_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s41232-024-00342-5","volume":"44","author":"Y Saito","year":"2024","unstructured":"Saito Y, Yamamoto S, Chikenji TS (2024) Role of cellular senescence in inflammation and regeneration. Inflamm Regener 44:28. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s41232-024-00342-5","journal-title":"Inflamm Regener"},{"key":"4709_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcb.2022.04.011","volume":"33","author":"RL Cohn","year":"2023","unstructured":"Cohn RL, Gasek NS, Kuchel GA, Xu M (2023) The heterogeneity of cellular senescence: insights at the single-cell level. Trends Cell Biol 33:9\u201317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tcb.2022.04.011","journal-title":"Trends Cell Biol"},{"key":"4709_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2652","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2017.07.033","volume":"27","author":"A Hernandez-Segura","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hernandez-Segura A, De Jong TV, Melov S et al (2017) Unmasking transcriptional heterogeneity in senescent cells. Curr Biol 27:2652\u20132660e4. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cub.2017.07.033","journal-title":"Curr Biol"},{"key":"4709_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.3000599","volume":"18","author":"N Basisty","year":"2020","unstructured":"Basisty N, Kale A, Jeon OH et al (2020) A proteomic atlas of senescence-associated secretomes for aging biomarker development. PLoS Biol 18:e3000599. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pbio.3000599","journal-title":"PLoS Biol"},{"key":"4709_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241310788","volume":"24","author":"J Giroud","year":"2023","unstructured":"Giroud J, Bouriez I, Paulus H et al (2023) Exploring the communication of the SASP: dynamic, interactive, and adaptive effects on the microenvironment. IJMS 24:10788. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms241310788","journal-title":"IJMS"},{"key":"4709_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.14258","volume":"23","author":"F Herbstein","year":"2024","unstructured":"Herbstein F, Sapochnik M, Attorresi A et al (2024) The <Emphasis Type=\"SmallCaps\">SASP<\/Emphasis> factor <Emphasis Type=\"SmallCaps\">IL<\/Emphasis> -6 sustains cell\u2010autonomous senescent cells via a <Emphasis Type=\"SmallCaps\">cGAS<\/Emphasis> \u2010 <Emphasis Type=\"SmallCaps\">STING<\/Emphasis> \u2010 <Emphasis Type=\"SmallCaps\">NF\u03baB<\/Emphasis> intracrine senescent noncanonical pathway. Aging Cell 23:e14258. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/acel.14258","journal-title":"Aging Cell"},{"key":"4709_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-022-04186-5","volume":"79","author":"H-J Kim","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kim H-J, Kim W-J, Shin H-R et al (2022) ROS-induced PADI2 downregulation accelerates cellular senescence via the stimulation of SASP production and NF\u03baB activation. Cell Mol Life Sci 79:155. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00018-022-04186-5","journal-title":"Cell Mol Life Sci"},{"key":"4709_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-022-00601-z","volume":"18","author":"W Huang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Huang W, Hickson LJ, Eirin A et al (2022) Cellular senescence: the good, the bad and the unknown. Nat Rev Nephrol 18:611\u2013627. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41581-022-00601-z","journal-title":"Nat Rev Nephrol"},{"key":"4709_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2020.113466","volume":"334","author":"K Simmnacher","year":"2020","unstructured":"Simmnacher K, Krach F, Schneider Y et al (2020) Unique signatures of stress-induced senescent human astrocytes. Exp Neurol 334:113466. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.expneurol.2020.113466","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"4709_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.70177","volume":"169","author":"M Marques","year":"2025","unstructured":"Marques M, Hayashide LDS, Amorim P et al (2025) Doxorubicin induces a senescent phenotype in murine and human astrocytes. J Neurochem 169:e70177. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jnc.70177","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"4709_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8498","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24108498","volume":"24","author":"J Meldolesi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Meldolesi J (2023) Role of senescent astrocytes in health and disease. Int J Mol Sci 24:8498. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms24108498","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"4709_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.15570","volume":"288","author":"E Gonz\u00e1lez-Gualda","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Gualda E, Baker AG, Fruk L, Mu\u00f1oz\u2010Esp\u00edn D (2021) A guide to assessing cellular senescence in vitro and in vivo. FEBS J 288:56\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/febs.15570","journal-title":"FEBS J"},{"key":"4709_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23094995","volume":"23","author":"A Lazic","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lazic A, Balint V, Stanisavljevic Ninkovic D et al (2022) Reactive and senescent astroglial phenotypes as hallmarks of brain pathologies. IJMS 23:4995. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms23094995","journal-title":"IJMS"},{"key":"4709_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2023.03.007","volume":"196","author":"C Villablanca","year":"2023","unstructured":"Villablanca C, Vidal R, Gonzalez-Billault C (2023) Are cytoskeleton changes observed in astrocytes functionally linked to aging? Brain Res Bull 196:59\u201367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2023.03.007","journal-title":"Brain Res Bull"},{"key":"4709_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1709","DOI":"10.14336\/AD.2024.0089","volume":"16","author":"D Kim","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kim D, Yoo SH, Yeon G-B et al (2024) Senescent astrocytes derived from human pluripotent stem cells reveal Age-Related changes and implications for neurodegeneration. Aging Dis 16:1709\u20131731. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14336\/AD.2024.0089","journal-title":"Aging Dis"},{"key":"4709_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1007\/s11357-019-00100-3","volume":"41","author":"JJ Lye","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lye JJ, Latorre E, Lee BP et al (2019) Astrocyte senescence may drive alterations in GFAP\u03b1, CDKN2A p14ARF, and TAU3 transcript expression and contribute to cognitive decline. Geroscience 41:561\u2013573. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11357-019-00100-3","journal-title":"Geroscience"},{"key":"4709_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-57663-x","volume":"10","author":"CM Willis","year":"2020","unstructured":"Willis CM, Nicaise AM, Bongarzone ER et al (2020) Astrocyte support for oligodendrocyte differentiation can be conveyed via extracellular vesicles but diminishes with age. Sci Rep 10:828. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-020-57663-x","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"4709_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27185925","volume":"27","author":"W Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang W, Yang X, Liu J et al (2022) Senescent phenotype of astrocytes leads to activation of BV2 microglia and N2a neuronal cells death. Molecules 27:5925. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/molecules27185925","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"4709_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.13747","volume":"22","author":"MK Preininger","year":"2023","unstructured":"Preininger MK, Zaytseva D, Lin JM, Kaufer D (2023) Blood\u2013brain barrier dysfunction promotes astrocyte senescence through albumin-induced TGF\u03b2 signaling activation. Aging Cell 22:e13747. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/acel.13747","journal-title":"Aging Cell"},{"key":"4709_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2024.102580","volume":"103","author":"F Cabral-Miranda","year":"2025","unstructured":"Cabral-Miranda F, Matias I, Gomes FCA (2025) Astrocytic proteostasis in the tale of aging and neurodegeneration. Ageing Res Rev 103:102580. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arr.2024.102580","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev"},{"key":"4709_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5774","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-024-04650-2","volume":"62","author":"P Sultana","year":"2025","unstructured":"Sultana P, Honc O, Hodny Z, Novotny J (2025) Clusterin deficiency promotes cellular senescence in human astrocytes. Mol Neurobiol 62:5774\u20135786. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12035-024-04650-2","journal-title":"Mol Neurobiol"},{"key":"4709_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0045069","volume":"7","author":"R Bhat","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bhat R, Crowe EP, Bitto A et al (2012) Astrocyte senescence as a component of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. PLoS One 7:e45069. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0045069","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"4709_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0543-y","volume":"562","author":"TJ Bussian","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bussian TJ, Aziz A, Meyer CF et al (2018) Clearance of senescent glial cells prevents tau-dependent pathology and cognitive decline. Nature 562:578\u2013582. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41586-018-0543-y","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"4709_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"930","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.12.092","volume":"22","author":"SJ Chinta","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chinta SJ, Woods G, Demaria M et al (2018) Cellular senescence is induced by the environmental neurotoxin paraquat and contributes to neuropathology linked to Parkinson\u2019s disease. Cell Rep 22:930\u2013940. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.12.092","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"4709_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2019.11.026","volume":"50","author":"A Birger","year":"2019","unstructured":"Birger A, Ben-Dor I, Ottolenghi M et al (2019) Human iPSC-derived astrocytes from ALS patients with mutated C9ORF72 show increased oxidative stress and neurotoxicity. EBioMedicine 50:274\u2013289. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ebiom.2019.11.026","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"4709_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2020.07.004","volume":"41","author":"MV Sofroniew","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sofroniew MV (2020) Astrocyte reactivity: subtypes, states, and functions in CNS innate immunity. Trends Immunol 41:758\u2013770. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.it.2020.07.004","journal-title":"Trends Immunol"},{"key":"4709_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2023.1173200","volume":"17","author":"Z Matusova","year":"2023","unstructured":"Matusova Z, Hol EM, Pekny M et al (2023) Reactive astrogliosis in the era of single-cell transcriptomics. Front Cell Neurosci 17:1173200. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fncel.2023.1173200","journal-title":"Front Cell Neurosci"},{"key":"4709_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-020-00783-4","volume":"24","author":"C Escartin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Escartin C, Galea E, Lakatos A et al (2021) Reactive astrocyte nomenclature, definitions, and future directions. Nat Neurosci 24:312\u2013325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41593-020-00783-4","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"4709_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024-025-00810-7","volume":"20","author":"HK Gildea","year":"2025","unstructured":"Gildea HK, Liddelow SA (2025) Mechanisms of astrocyte aging in reactivity and disease. Mol Neurodegener 20:21. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13024-025-00810-7","journal-title":"Mol Neurodegener"},{"key":"4709_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-neuro-112723-031738","volume":"48","author":"BLL Clayton","year":"2025","unstructured":"Clayton BLL, Liddelow SA (2025) Heterogeneity of astrocyte reactivity. Annu Rev Neurosci 48:231\u2013249. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev-neuro-112723-031738","journal-title":"Annu Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"4709_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1038\/nature21029","volume":"541","author":"SA Liddelow","year":"2017","unstructured":"Liddelow SA, Guttenplan KA, Clarke LE et al (2017) Neurotoxic reactive astrocytes are induced by activated microglia. Nature 541:481\u2013487. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature21029","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"4709_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-018-0051-5","volume":"24","author":"SP Yun","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yun SP, Kam T-I, Panicker N et al (2018) Block of A1 astrocyte conversion by microglia is neuroprotective in models of Parkinson\u2019s disease. Nat Med 24:931\u2013938. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41591-018-0051-5","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"4709_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-020-0880-6","volume":"8","author":"O Al-Dalahmah","year":"2020","unstructured":"Al-Dalahmah O, Sosunov AA, Shaik A et al (2020) Single-nucleus RNA-seq identifies Huntington disease astrocyte states. Acta Neuropathol Commun 8:19. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40478-020-0880-6","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol Commun"},{"key":"4709_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-17514-9","volume":"11","author":"KA Guttenplan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Guttenplan KA, Weigel MK, Adler DI et al (2020) Knockout of reactive astrocyte activating factors slows disease progression in an ALS mouse model. Nat Commun 11:3753. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-020-17514-9","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"4709_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-020-0624-8","volume":"23","author":"N Habib","year":"2020","unstructured":"Habib N, McCabe C, Medina S et al (2020) Disease-associated astrocytes in Alzheimer\u2019s disease and aging. Nat Neurosci 23:701\u2013706. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41593-020-0624-8","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"4709_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2020.615740","volume":"13","author":"TJ Oberstein","year":"2020","unstructured":"Oberstein TJ, Utz J, Spitzer P et al (2020) The role of cathepsin B in the degradation of A\u03b2 and in the production of A\u03b2 peptides starting with Ala2 in cultured astrocytes. Front Mol Neurosci 13:615740. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnmol.2020.615740","journal-title":"Front Mol Neurosci"},{"key":"4709_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3778","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-022-02817-3","volume":"59","author":"M Zattoni","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zattoni M, Mearelli M, Vanni S et al (2022) Serpin signatures in prion and Alzheimer\u2019s diseases. Mol Neurobiol 59:3778\u20133799. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12035-022-02817-3","journal-title":"Mol Neurobiol"},{"key":"4709_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2620","volume":"10","author":"G Bu","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bu G (2009) Apolipoprotein E and its receptors in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: pathways, pathogenesis and therapy. Nat Rev Neurosci 10:333\u2013344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrn2620","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"4709_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-023-01288-6","volume":"26","author":"Z-P Chen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chen Z-P, Wang S, Zhao X et al (2023) Lipid-accumulated reactive astrocytes promote disease progression in epilepsy. Nat Neurosci 26:542\u2013554. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41593-023-01288-6","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"4709_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1788","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2022.03.008","volume":"110","author":"JS Sadick","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sadick JS, O\u2019Dea MR, Hasel P et al (2022) Astrocytes and oligodendrocytes undergo subtype-specific transcriptional changes in alzheimer\u2019s disease. Neuron 110:1788\u20131805e10. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuron.2022.03.008","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"4709_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1528","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-022-01180-9","volume":"25","author":"K Leng","year":"2022","unstructured":"Leng K, Rose IVL, Kim H et al (2022) CRISPRi screens in human iPSC-derived astrocytes elucidate regulators of distinct inflammatory reactive states. Nat Neurosci 25:1528\u20131542. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41593-022-01180-9","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"4709_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-50466-y","volume":"15","author":"Q Guo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Guo Q, Gobbo D, Zhao N et al (2024) Adenosine triggers early astrocyte reactivity that provokes microglial responses and drives the pathogenesis of sepsis-associated encephalopathy in mice. Nat Commun 15:6340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-024-50466-y","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"4709_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1038\/s41573-022-00390-x","volume":"21","author":"H-G Lee","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lee H-G, Wheeler MA, Quintana FJ (2022) Function and therapeutic value of astrocytes in neurological diseases. Nat Rev Drug Discov 21:339\u2013358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41573-022-00390-x","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"key":"4709_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1038\/s43587-024-00799-6","volume":"5","author":"RR Khawaja","year":"2025","unstructured":"Khawaja RR, Mart\u00edn-Segura A, Santiago-Fern\u00e1ndez O et al (2025) Sex-specific and cell-type-specific changes in chaperone-mediated autophagy across tissues during aging. Nat Aging 5:691\u2013708. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s43587-024-00799-6","journal-title":"Nat Aging"}],"container-title":["Neurochemical Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11064-026-04709-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11064-026-04709-7","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11064-026-04709-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T03:36:56Z","timestamp":1777261016000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11064-026-04709-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]]},"references-count":100,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["4709"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11064-026-04709-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["0364-3190","1573-6903"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0364-3190","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-6903","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"23 December 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 December 2025","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 February 2026","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 March 2026","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and\/or publication of this article.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}],"article-number":"102"}}