{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]],"date-time":"2026-04-03T08:59:15Z","timestamp":1775206755433,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1-2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,15]],"date-time":"2022-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655251200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,15]],"date-time":"2022-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655251200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SP1389\/6-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SP1389\/6-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FZT 118"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FZT 118"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Science Foundation Research Coordination Network","award":["NSF-DEB-1042132"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSF-DEB-1042132"]}]},{"name":"National Science Foundation Research Coordination Network","award":["NSF-DEB-1234162"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSF-DEB-1234162"]}]},{"name":"National Science Foundation Research Coordination Network","award":["NSF-DEB-1831944"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSF-DEB-1831944"]}]},{"name":"Institute on the Environment","award":["DG-0001-13"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DG-0001-13"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004937","name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Forschung und Technologie","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FKZ 031B0516C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FKZ 031B0516C"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004937","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005856","name":"Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DL 57\/2016\/CP1382\/CT0030"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DL 57\/2016\/CP1382\/CT0030"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005856","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005856","name":"Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UID\/BIA\/50027\/2013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/BIA\/50027\/2013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005856","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"European Regional Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["POCI-01-0145-FEDER-006821"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POCI-01-0145-FEDER-006821"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013294","name":"Connecting Europe Facility","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UID\/AGR\/00239\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/AGR\/00239\/2019"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013294","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004360","name":"Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004360","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plant Soil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract\n<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background and aims<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The amount of nitrogen (N) derived from symbiotic N<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> fixation by legumes in grasslands might be affected by anthropogenic N and phosphorus (P) inputs, but the underlying mechanisms are not known.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We evaluated symbiotic N<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> fixation in 17 natural and semi-natural grasslands on four continents that are subjected to the same full-factorial N and P addition experiment, using the <jats:sup>15<\/jats:sup>N natural abundance method.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>N as well as combined N and P (NP) addition reduced aboveground legume biomass by 65% and 45%, respectively, compared to the control, whereas P addition had no significant impact. Addition of N and\/or P had no significant effect on the symbiotic N<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> fixation per unit legume biomass. In consequence, the amount of N fixed annually per grassland area was less than half in the N addition treatments compared to control and P addition, irrespective of whether the dominant legumes were annuals or perennials.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Our results reveal that N addition mainly impacts symbiotic N<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> fixation via reduced biomass of legumes rather than changes in N<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> fixation per unit legume biomass. The results show that soil N enrichment by anthropogenic activities significantly reduces N<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> fixation in grasslands, and these effects cannot be reversed by additional P amendment.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11104-022-05498-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,15]],"date-time":"2022-06-15T07:02:58Z","timestamp":1655276578000},"page":"689-707","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Nitrogen but not phosphorus addition affects symbiotic N2 fixation by legumes in natural and semi-natural grasslands located on four continents"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"478","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4662-1921","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eduardo","family":"V\u00e1zquez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9300-7081","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Per-Marten","family":"Schleuss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2259-5853","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth T.","family":"Borer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7081-657X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel N.","family":"Bugalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3586-8526","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria C.","family":"Caldeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0371-6720","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nico","family":"Eisenhauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1707-5263","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anu","family":"Eskelinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8291-6316","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philip A.","family":"Fay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2966-0534","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sylvia","family":"Haider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2345-8300","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anke","family":"Jentsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9580-5191","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kevin P.","family":"Kirkman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2393-0599","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebecca L.","family":"McCulley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5398-4408","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pablo L.","family":"Peri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2899-7693","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jodi","family":"Price","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2934-5497","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna E.","family":"Richards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0531-8336","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anita C.","family":"Risch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9301-7909","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christiane","family":"Roscher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Sch\u00fctz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6780-9259","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eric W.","family":"Seabloom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8118-1904","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachel J.","family":"Standish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2390-1763","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carly J.","family":"Stevens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8021-0929","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michelle J.","family":"Tedder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8295-8217","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Risto","family":"Virtanen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1010-7317","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marie","family":"Spohn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"5498_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1029\/2018GB005990","volume":"33","author":"D Ackerman","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ackerman D, Millet DB, Chen X (2019) Global Estimates of Inorganic Nitrogen Deposition Across Four Decades. Global Biogeochem Cycles 33:100\u2013107. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1029\/2018GB005990","journal-title":"Global Biogeochem Cycles"},{"key":"5498_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/51.348.1289","volume":"51","author":"JPF Almeida","year":"2000","unstructured":"Almeida JPF, Hartwig UA, Frehner M et al (2000) Evidence that P deficiency induces N feedback regulation of symbiotic N2 fixation in white clover (Trifolium repens L.). J Exp Bot 51:1289\u20131297. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jxb\/51.348.1289","journal-title":"J Exp Bot"},{"key":"5498_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02184565","volume":"52","author":"N Amarger","year":"1979","unstructured":"Amarger N, Mariotti A, Mariotti F et al (1979) Estimate of symbiotically fixed nitrogen in field grown soybeans using variations in 15N Natural abundance. Plant Soil 52:269\u2013280. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF02184565","journal-title":"Plant Soil"},{"key":"5498_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Amundson R, Austin AT, Schuur EAG et al (2003) Global patterns of the isotopic composition of soil and plant nitrogen. Global Biogeochem Cycles 17. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1029\/2002GB001903","DOI":"10.1029\/2002GB001903"},{"key":"5498_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1111\/2041-210X.12125","volume":"5","author":"ET Borer","year":"2014","unstructured":"Borer ET, Harpole WS, Adler PB et al (2014) Finding generality in ecology: A model for globally distributed experiments. Methods Ecol Evol 5:65\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/2041-210X.12125","journal-title":"Methods Ecol Evol"},{"key":"5498_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41559-017-0118","volume":"1","author":"ET Borer","year":"2017","unstructured":"Borer ET, Grace JB, Harpole WS et al (2017) A decade of insights into grassland ecosystem responses to global environmental change. Nat Ecol Evol 1:1\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41559-017-0118","journal-title":"Nat Ecol Evol"},{"key":"5498_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1007\/s11104-014-2199-1","volume":"385","author":"W Burchill","year":"2014","unstructured":"Burchill W, James EK, Li D et al (2014) Comparisons of biological nitrogen fixation in association with white clover (Trifolium repens L.) under four fertiliser nitrogen inputs as measured using two 15N techniques. Plant Soil 385:287\u2013302. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11104-014-2199-1","journal-title":"Plant Soil"},{"key":"5498_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1024847017371","volume":"253","author":"G Carlsson","year":"2003","unstructured":"Carlsson G, Huss-Danell K (2003) Nitrogen fixation in perennial forage legumes in the field. Plant Soil 253:353\u2013372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1023\/A:1024847017371","journal-title":"Plant Soil"},{"key":"5498_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agee.2016.12.020","volume":"237","author":"W Choi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Choi W, Kwak J, Lim S et al (2017) Synthetic fertilizer and livestock manure differently affect \u03b415N in the agricultural landscape: A review. Agr Ecosyst Environ 237:1\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.agee.2016.12.020","journal-title":"Agr Ecosyst Environ"},{"key":"5498_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Craine JM, Elmore AJ, Aidar MPM et al (2009) Global patterns of foliar nitrogen isotopes and their relationships with climate, mycorrhizal fungi, foliar nutrient concentrations, and nitrogen availability. New Phytol","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8137.2009.02917.x"},{"key":"5498_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1007\/s00442-002-1155-6","volume":"134","author":"JM Craine","year":"2003","unstructured":"Craine JM, Lee WG (2003) Covariation in leaf and root traits for native and non-native grasses along an altitudinal gradient in New Zealand. Oecologia 134:471\u2013478. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00442-002-1155-6","journal-title":"Oecologia"},{"key":"5498_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8137.2005.01568.x","volume":"169","author":"EJ Edwards","year":"2006","unstructured":"Edwards EJ, McCaffery S, Evans JR (2006) Phosphorus availability and elevated CO2 affect biological nitrogen fixation and nutrient fluxes in a clover-dominated sward. New Phytol 169:157\u2013167. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1469-8137.2005.01568.x","journal-title":"New Phytol"},{"key":"5498_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1016\/j.baae.2004.09.005","volume":"5","author":"C Gehring","year":"2004","unstructured":"Gehring C, Vlek PLG (2004) Limitations of the 15N natural abundance method for estimating biological nitrogen fixation in Amazonian forest legumes. Basic Appl Ecol 5:567\u2013580. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.baae.2004.09.005","journal-title":"Basic Appl Ecol"},{"key":"5498_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8137.2004.01192.x","volume":"164","author":"S G\u00fcsewell","year":"2004","unstructured":"G\u00fcsewell S (2004) N: P ratios in terrestrial plants: Variation and functional significance. New Phytol 164:243\u2013266. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1469-8137.2004.01192.x","journal-title":"New Phytol"},{"key":"5498_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1010390901845","volume":"230","author":"JP Hansen","year":"2001","unstructured":"Hansen JP, Vinther FP (2001) Spatial variability of symbiotic N2 fixation in grass-white clover pastures estimated by the 15N isotope dilution method and the natural 15N abundance method. Plant Soil 230:257\u2013266. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1023\/A:1010390901845","journal-title":"Plant Soil"},{"key":"5498_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1965","DOI":"10.1002\/joc.1276","volume":"25","author":"RJ Hijmans","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hijmans RJ, Cameron SE, Parra JL et al (2005) Very high resolution interpolated climate surfaces for global land areas. Int J Climatol 25:1965\u20131978. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/joc.1276","journal-title":"Int J Climatol"},{"issue":"179","key":"5498_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1469-8137.1997.00808.x","volume":"137","author":"P Hoegberg","year":"1997","unstructured":"Hoegberg P (1997) Tansley Review No. 95 15N natural abundance in soil-plant systems. New Phytol 137(179):203. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1469-8137.1997.00808.x","journal-title":"New Phytol"},{"key":"5498_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1093\/aob\/mcf260","volume":"90","author":"H H\u00f8gh-Jensen","year":"2002","unstructured":"H\u00f8gh-Jensen H, Schjoerring JK, Soussana JF (2002) The influence of phosphorus deficiency on growth and nitrogen fixation of white clover plants. Ann Bot 90:745\u2013753. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/aob\/mcf260","journal-title":"Ann Bot"},{"key":"5498_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07028","volume":"454","author":"BZ Houlton","year":"2008","unstructured":"Houlton BZ, Wang YP, Vitousek PM, Field CB (2008) A unifying framework for dinitrogen fixation in the terrestrial biosphere. Nature 454:327\u2013330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature07028","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"5498_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1007\/s11104-007-9422-2","volume":"301","author":"E Huber","year":"2007","unstructured":"Huber E, Wanek W, Gottfried M et al (2007) Shift in soil-plant nitrogen dynamics of an alpine-nival ecotone. Plant Soil 301:65\u201376. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11104-007-9422-2","journal-title":"Plant Soil"},{"key":"5498_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4290(99)00084-2","volume":"65","author":"M Hungria","year":"2000","unstructured":"Hungria M, Vargas MAT (2000) Environmental factors affecting N2 fixation in grain legumes in the tropics with an emphasis on Brazil. Field Crops Res 65:151\u2013164. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0378-4290(99)00084-2","journal-title":"Field Crops Res"},{"key":"5498_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1016\/S0038-0717(00)00012-2","volume":"32","author":"KA Jacot","year":"2000","unstructured":"Jacot KA, L\u00fcscher A, N\u00f6sberger J, Hartwig UA (2000) Symbiotic N2 fixation of various legume species along an altitudinal gradient in the Swiss Alps. Soil Biol Biochem 32:1043\u20131052. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0038-0717(00)00012-2","journal-title":"Soil Biol Biochem"},{"key":"5498_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2828","DOI":"10.1111\/gcb.14123","volume":"24","author":"VH Klaus","year":"2018","unstructured":"Klaus VH, Kleinebecker T, Busch V et al (2018) Land use intensity, rather than plant species richness, affects the leaching risk of multiple nutrients from permanent grasslands. Glob Change Biol 24:2828\u20132840. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/gcb.14123","journal-title":"Glob Change Biol"},{"key":"5498_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1007\/s10113-011-0214-0","volume":"11","author":"P Lamarque","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lamarque P, Tappeiner U, Turner C et al (2011) Stakeholder perceptions of grassland ecosystem services in relation to knowledge on soil fertility and biodiversity. Reg Environ Change 11:791\u2013804. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10113-011-0214-0","journal-title":"Reg Environ Change"},{"key":"5498_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1046\/J.1469-8137.2000.00703.X","volume":"147","author":"EO Leidi","year":"2000","unstructured":"Leidi EO, Rodr\u00edguez-Navarro DN (2000) Nitrogen and phosphorus availability limit N2 fixation in bean. New Phytol 147:337\u2013346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/J.1469-8137.2000.00703.X","journal-title":"New Phytol"},{"key":"5498_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1111\/gfs.12124","volume":"69","author":"A L\u00fcscher","year":"2014","unstructured":"L\u00fcscher A, Mueller-Harvey I, Soussana JF et al (2014) Potential of legume-based grassland-livestock systems in Europe: A review. Grass Forage Sci 69:206\u2013228. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/gfs.12124","journal-title":"Grass Forage Sci"},{"key":"5498_CR27","unstructured":"McKey D (1994) Legumes and nitrogen: The evolutionary ecology of a nitrogen-demanding lifestyle. In: Sprent JI, McKey D (eds) Advances in Legume Systematics 5: the Nitrogen Factor. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, pp 211\u2013228"},{"key":"5498_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Menge DNL, Hedin LO (2009) Nitrogen fixation in different biogeochemical niches along a 120 000-year chronosequence in New Zealand","DOI":"10.1890\/08-0877.1"},{"key":"5498_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1007\/s11104-005-3936-2","volume":"281","author":"M Nuruzzaman","year":"2006","unstructured":"Nuruzzaman M, Lambers H, Bolland MDA, Veneklaas EJ (2006) Distribution of carboxylates and acid phosphatase and depletion of different phosphorus fractions in the rhizosphere of a cereal and three grain legumes. Plant Soil 281:109\u2013120. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11104-005-3936-2","journal-title":"Plant Soil"},{"key":"5498_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agee.2010.11.022","volume":"140","author":"D Nyfeler","year":"2011","unstructured":"Nyfeler D, Huguenin-Elie O, Suter M et al (2011) Grass-legume mixtures can yield more nitrogen than legume pure stands due to mutual stimulation of nitrogen uptake from symbiotic and non-symbiotic sources. Agr Ecosyst Environ 140:155\u2013163. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.agee.2010.11.022","journal-title":"Agr Ecosyst Environ"},{"key":"5498_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1007\/s11104-013-1666-4","volume":"371","author":"A Oberson","year":"2013","unstructured":"Oberson A, Frossard E, B\u00fchlmann C et al (2013) Nitrogen fixation and transfer in grass-clover leys under organic and conventional cropping systems. Plant Soil 371:237\u2013255. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11104-013-1666-4","journal-title":"Plant Soil"},{"key":"5498_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agee.2012.08.012","volume":"162","author":"J Oenema","year":"2012","unstructured":"Oenema J, van Ittersum M, van Keulen H (2012) Improving nitrogen management on grassland on commercial pilot dairy farms in the Netherlands. Agr Ecosyst Environ 162:116\u2013126. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.agee.2012.08.012","journal-title":"Agr Ecosyst Environ"},{"key":"5498_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms3934","volume":"4","author":"J Pe\u00f1uelas","year":"2013","unstructured":"Pe\u00f1uelas J, Poulter B, Sardans J et al (2013) Human-induced nitrogen-phosphorus imbalances alter natural and managed ecosystems across the globe. Nat Commun 4:1\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ncomms3934","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"5498_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1071\/CP12123","volume":"63","author":"MB Peoples","year":"2012","unstructured":"Peoples MB, Brockwell J, Hunt JR et al (2012) Factors affecting the potential contributions of N2 fixation by legumes in Australian pasture systems. Crop Pasture Sci 63:759\u2013786. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1071\/CP12123","journal-title":"Crop Pasture Sci"},{"key":"5498_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1111\/NPH.17787","volume":"233","author":"S Primieri","year":"2022","unstructured":"Primieri S, Magnoli SM, Koffel T et al (2022) Perennial, but not annual legumes synergistically benefit from infection with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and rhizobia: a meta-analysis. New Phytol 233:505\u2013514. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/NPH.17787","journal-title":"New Phytol"},{"key":"5498_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1007\/s11104-010-0647-0","volume":"341","author":"C Roscher","year":"2011","unstructured":"Roscher C, Thein S, Weigelt A et al (2011) N2 fixation and performance of 12 legume species in a 6-year grassland biodiversity experiment. Plant Soil 341:333\u2013348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11104-010-0647-0","journal-title":"Plant Soil"},{"key":"5498_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Schleuss PM, Widdig M, Biederman LA et al (2021) Microbial substrate stoichiometry governs nutrient effects on nitrogen cycling in grassland soils. Soil Biol Biochem 155. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.soilbio.2021.108168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soilbio.2021.108168"},{"key":"5498_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1007\/s10705-009-9335-y","volume":"88","author":"JF Soussana","year":"2010","unstructured":"Soussana JF, Tallec T (2010) Can we understand and predict the regulation of biological N2 fixation in grassland ecosystems? Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst 88:197\u2013213. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10705-009-9335-y","journal-title":"Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst"},{"key":"5498_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1876","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1094678","volume":"303","author":"CJ Stevens","year":"2004","unstructured":"Stevens CJ, Dise NB, Mountford JO, Gowing DJ (2004) Impact of Nitrogen Deposition on the Species Richness of Grasslands. Science 303:1876\u20131879. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.1094678","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"5498_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4387","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0408648102","volume":"102","author":"KN Suding","year":"2005","unstructured":"Suding KN, Collins SL, Gough L et al (2005) Functional- and abundance-based mechanisms explain diversity loss due to N fertilization. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102:4387\u20134392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.0408648102","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"5498_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2424","DOI":"10.1111\/gcb.12880","volume":"21","author":"M Suter","year":"2015","unstructured":"Suter M, Connolly J, Finn JA et al (2015) Nitrogen yield advantage from grass-legume mixtures is robust over a wide range of legume proportions and environmental conditions. Glob Change Biol 21:2424\u20132438. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/gcb.12880","journal-title":"Glob Change Biol"},{"key":"5498_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tognetti PM, Prober SM, B\u00e1ez S et al (2021) Negative effects of nitrogen override positive effects of phosphorus on grassland legumes worldwide. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 118. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.2023718118","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2023718118"},{"key":"5498_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1007\/s11104-017-3435-2","volume":"421","author":"V Tzanakakis","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tzanakakis V, Sturite I, D\u00f6rsch P (2017) Biological nitrogen fixation and transfer in a high latitude grass-clover grassland under different management practices. Plant Soil 421:107\u2013122. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11104-017-3435-2","journal-title":"Plant Soil"},{"key":"5498_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plantsci.2016.12.010","volume":"256","author":"AJ Valentine","year":"2017","unstructured":"Valentine AJ, Kleinert A, Benedito VA (2017) Adaptive strategies for nitrogen metabolism in phosphate deficient legume nodules. Plant Sci 256:46\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.plantsci.2016.12.010","journal-title":"Plant Sci"},{"key":"5498_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00379113","volume":"78","author":"PM Vitousek","year":"1989","unstructured":"Vitousek PM, Shearer G, Kohl DH (1989) Foliar 15N natural abundance in Hawaiian rainforest: patterns and possible mechanisms. Oecologia 78:383\u2013388. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00379113","journal-title":"Oecologia"},{"key":"5498_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8137.2005.01444.x","volume":"167","author":"JB West","year":"2005","unstructured":"West JB, HilleRisLambers J, Lee TD et al (2005) Legume species identity and soil nitrogen supply determine symbiotic nitrogen-fixation responses to elevated atmospheric [CO2]. New Phytol 167:523\u2013530. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1469-8137.2005.01444.x","journal-title":"New Phytol"},{"key":"5498_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1007\/s10533-016-0265-x","volume":"131","author":"M Zheng","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zheng M, Li D, Lu X et al (2016) Effects of phosphorus addition with and without nitrogen addition on biological nitrogen fixation in tropical legume and non-legume tree plantations. Biogeochemistry 131:65\u201376. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10533-016-0265-x","journal-title":"Biogeochemistry"},{"key":"5498_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3018","DOI":"10.1111\/gcb.14705","volume":"25","author":"M Zheng","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zheng M, Zhou Z, Luo Y et al (2019) Global pattern and controls of biological nitrogen fixation under nutrient enrichment: A meta-analysis. Glob Change Biol 25:3018\u20133030. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/gcb.14705","journal-title":"Glob Change Biol"},{"key":"5498_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1007\/s11104-016-2882-5","volume":"406","author":"Y Zhou","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhou Y, Cheng X, Fan J, Harris W (2016) Patterns and controls of foliar nitrogen isotope composition on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China. Plant Soil 406:265\u2013276. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11104-016-2882-5","journal-title":"Plant Soil"}],"container-title":["Plant and Soil"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11104-022-05498-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11104-022-05498-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11104-022-05498-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,18]],"date-time":"2022-10-18T08:17:54Z","timestamp":1666081074000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11104-022-05498-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,15]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1-2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]}},"alternative-id":["5498"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11104-022-05498-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["0032-079X","1573-5036"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0032-079X","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-5036","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"26 January 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 May 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 June 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interest"}},{"value":"Data will be publicly available on the Environmental Data Initiative platform.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Data availability"}}]}}