{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T20:57:36Z","timestamp":1774472256831,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,28]],"date-time":"2020-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603843200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,28]],"date-time":"2020-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603843200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013278","name":"JPND","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["FCT-JPND-HC\/0001\/2012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FCT-JPND-HC\/0001\/2012"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013278","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Erasmus University"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Qual Life Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Informal care constitutes an important part of the total care for people with dementia. Therefore, the impact of the syndrome on their caregivers as well as that of health and social care services for people with dementia should be considered. This study investigated the convergent and clinical validity of the CarerQol instrument, which measures and values the impact of providing informal care, in a multi-country sample of caregivers for people with dementia.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Cross-sectional data from a sample of 451 respondents in eight European countries, collected by the Actifcare project, were evaluated. Convergent validity was analysed with Spearman\u2019s correlation coefficients and multivariate correlations between the CarerQol-7D utility score and dimension scores, and other similar quality of life measures such as CarerQol-VAS, ICECAP-O, and EQ-5D. Clinical validity was evaluated by bivariate and multivariate analyses of the degree to which the CarerQol instrument can differentiate between characteristics of caregivers, care receivers and caregiving situation. Country dummies were added to test CarerQol score differences between countries.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The mean CarerQol utility score was 77.6 and varied across countries from 74.3 (Italy) to 82.3 (Norway). The scores showed moderate to strong positive correlations with the CarerQol-VAS, ICECAP-O, and EQ-5D health problems score of the caregiver. Multivariate regression analysis showed that various characteristics of the caregiver, care receiver and caregiving situation were associated with caregiver outcomes, but there was no evidence of a country-level effect.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This study demonstrates the convergent and clinical validity of the CarerQol instrument to evaluate the impact of providing informal care for people with dementia.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-020-02657-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,28]],"date-time":"2020-10-28T16:02:55Z","timestamp":1603900975000},"page":"577-588","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["A validation study of the CarerQol instrument in informal caregivers of people with dementia from eight European countries"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"30","author":[{"name":"the Actifcare Consortium","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0449-0708","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daphne C.","family":"Voormolen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Job","family":"van Exel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Werner","family":"Brouwer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Anders","family":"Sk\u00f6ldunger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Gon\u00e7alves-Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Kate","family":"Irving","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Anja","family":"Bieber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Geir","family":"Selbaek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Bob","family":"Woods","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Orazio","family":"Zanetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Frans","family":"Verhey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Anders","family":"Wimo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ron L. H.","family":"Handels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2657_CR1","unstructured":"Alzheimer's Disease International. (2015). World Alzheimer Report 2015: The Global Impact of Dementia. London."},{"issue":"2","key":"2657_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1080\/13607863.2018.1544213","volume":"24","author":"S Cahill","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cahill, S. (2020). WHO's global action plan on the public health response to dementia: some challenges and opportunities. Aging & Mental Health, 24(2), 197\u2013199.","journal-title":"Aging & Mental Health"},{"key":"2657_CR3","unstructured":"World Health Organization. (2019). 10 facts on dementia. Retreived from 17 July 2020, https:\/\/www.who.int\/features\/factfiles\/dementia\/en\/."},{"key":"2657_CR4","unstructured":"Alzheimer\u2019s Disease International. 2019. World Alzheimer Report 2019: Attitudes to dementia. London: Alzheimer\u2019s Disease International."},{"key":"2657_CR5","unstructured":"World health Organization, & Alzheimer\u2019s Disease International. (2012). Dementia: a public health priority. Retreived from 5 October 2016, https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/bitstream\/handle\/10665\/75263\/9789241564458_eng.pdf?sequence=1."},{"issue":"1","key":"2657_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-016-0747-5","volume":"21","author":"A Wimo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wimo, A., Elmstahl, S., Fratiglioni, L., Sjolund, B. M., Skoldunger, A., Fagerstrom, C., et al. (2017). Formal and informal care of community-living older people: A population-based study from the swedish national study on aging and care. J Nutr Health Aging, 21(1), 17\u201324.","journal-title":"J Nutr Health Aging"},{"issue":"6","key":"2657_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.1322","volume":"20","author":"H Brodaty","year":"2005","unstructured":"Brodaty, H., Thomson, C., Thompson, C., & Fine, M. (2005). Why caregivers of people with dementia and memory loss don\u2019t use services. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry, 20(6), 537\u2013546.","journal-title":"Int J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"2657_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2012.10.004","volume":"21","author":"C Bakker","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bakker, C., de Vugt, M. E., van Vliet, D., Verhey, F. R., Pijnenburg, Y. A., Vernooij-Dassen, M. J., et al. (2013). The use of formal and informal care in early onset dementia: Results from the NeedYD study. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry, 21(1), 37\u201345.","journal-title":"Am J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"key":"2657_CR9","unstructured":"Wimo, A., Gauthier, S., Wortmann, M., Barbarino, P., & Prince, M. (2018). Global estimates of informal care time of dementia in 2015. London."},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"2657_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1007\/s10198-019-01058-x","volume":"20","author":"P Baji","year":"2019","unstructured":"Baji, P., Golicki, D., Prevolnik-Rupel, V., Brouwer, W. B. F., Zrubka, Z., Gulacsi, L., et al. (2019). The burden of informal caregiving in Hungary, Poland and Slovenia: Results from national representative surveys. The European Journal of Health Economics, 20(Suppl 1), 5\u201316.","journal-title":"The European Journal of Health Economics"},{"key":"2657_CR11","unstructured":"McDaid, D. (2009). The impact of informal care."},{"issue":"1","key":"2657_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-018-0885-1","volume":"18","author":"N Karg","year":"2018","unstructured":"Karg, N., Graessel, E., Randzio, O., & Pendergrass, A. (2018). Dementia as a predictor of care-related quality of life in informal caregivers: A cross-sectional study to investigate differences in health-related outcomes between dementia and non-dementia caregivers. BMC Geriatr, 18(1), 189.","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"2657_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthpol.2004.12.008","volume":"74","author":"WB Brouwer","year":"2005","unstructured":"Brouwer, W. B., van Exel, N. J., van den Berg, B., van den Bos, G. A., & Koopmanschap, M. A. (2005). Process utility from providing informal care: The benefit of caring. Health Policy, 74(1), 85\u201399.","journal-title":"Health Policy"},{"key":"2657_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2017.10.008","volume":"79","author":"DSF Yu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yu, D. S. F., Cheng, S.-T., & Wang, J. (2018). Unravelling positive aspects of caregiving in dementia: An integrative review of research literature. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 79, 1\u201326.","journal-title":"International Journal of Nursing Studies"},{"issue":"23","key":"2657_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2215","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.282.23.2215","volume":"282","author":"R Schulz","year":"1999","unstructured":"Schulz, R., & Beach, S. R. (1999). Caregiving as a risk factor for mortality: The caregiver health effects study. JAMA, 282(23), 2215\u20132219.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"3","key":"2657_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.3111\/13696990701605235","volume":"10","author":"D Chisholm","year":"2007","unstructured":"Chisholm, D., & Evans, D. B. (2007). Economic evaluation in health: Saving money or improving care? Journal of Medical Economics, 10(3), 325\u2013337.","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Economics"},{"issue":"2","key":"2657_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1007\/s40273-014-0218-y","volume":"33","author":"M Krol","year":"2015","unstructured":"Krol, M., Papenburg, J., & van Exel, J. (2015). Does including informal care in economic evaluations matter? A systematic review of inclusion and impact of informal care in cost-effectiveness studies. Pharmacoeconomics, 33(2), 123\u2013135.","journal-title":"Pharmacoeconomics"},{"issue":"6","key":"2657_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-005-5994-6","volume":"15","author":"WB Brouwer","year":"2006","unstructured":"Brouwer, W. B., van Exel, N. J., van Gorp, B., & Redekop, W. K. (2006). The CarerQol instrument: a new instrument to measure care-related quality of life of informal caregivers for use in economic evaluations. Quality of Life Research, 15(6), 1005\u20131021.","journal-title":"Quality of Life Research"},{"issue":"9","key":"2657_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1487","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-011-9870-2","volume":"20","author":"N Payakachat","year":"2011","unstructured":"Payakachat, N., Tilford, J. M., Brouwer, W. B., van Exel, N. J., & Grosse, S. D. (2011). Measuring health and well-being effects in family caregivers of children with craniofacial malformations. Quality of Life Research, 20(9), 1487\u20131495.","journal-title":"Quality of Life Research"},{"issue":"12","key":"2657_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.3109\/09638288.2011.628738","volume":"34","author":"RF Pangalila","year":"2012","unstructured":"Pangalila, R. F., van den Bos, G. A., Stam, H. J., van Exel, N. J., Brouwer, W. B., & Roebroeck, M. E. (2012). Subjective caregiver burden of parents of adults with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Disability and Rehabilitation, 34(12), 988\u2013996.","journal-title":"Disability and Rehabilitation"},{"issue":"8","key":"2657_CR21","first-page":"1933","volume":"44","author":"R Hoefman","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hoefman, R., Payakachat, N., van Exel, J., Kuhlthau, K., Kovacs, E., Pyne, J., et al. (2014). Caring for a child with autism spectrum disorder and parents' quality of life: application of the CarerQol. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 44(8), 1933\u20131945.","journal-title":"Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders"},{"issue":"5","key":"2657_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-014-0848-8","volume":"24","author":"R Hoefman","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hoefman, R., Al-Janabi, H., McCaffrey, N., Currow, D., & Ratcliffe, J. (2015). Measuring caregiver outcomes in palliative care: A construct validation study of two instruments for use in economic evaluations. Quality of Life Research, 24(5), 1255\u20131273.","journal-title":"Quality of Life Research"},{"issue":"6","key":"2657_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-010-9829-8","volume":"20","author":"RJ Hoefman","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hoefman, R. J., van Exel, N. J., Looren de Jong, S., Redekop, W. K., & Brouwer, W. B. (2011). A new test of the construct validity of the CarerQol instrument: measuring the impact of informal care giving. Quality of Life Research, 20(6), 875\u2013887.","journal-title":"Quality of Life Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"2657_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7525-11-173","volume":"11","author":"RJ Hoefman","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hoefman, R. J., van Exel, J., & Brouwer, W. B. F. (2013). Measuring the impact of caregiving on informal carers: A construct validation study of the CarerQol instrument. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 11(1), 173.","journal-title":"Health and Quality of Life Outcomes"},{"issue":"6","key":"2657_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1007\/s40273-020-00899-2","volume":"38","author":"P Baji","year":"2020","unstructured":"Baji, P., Farkas, M., Golicki, D., Prevolnik Rupel, V., Hoefman, R., Brouwer, W. B. F., et al. (2020). Development of population tariffs for the CarerQol instrument for Hungary, Poland and Slovenia: A discrete choice experiment study to measure the burden of informal caregiving. Pharmacoeconomics., 38(6), 633\u2013643.","journal-title":"Pharmacoeconomics."},{"key":"2657_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1186\/s12912-015-0107-5","volume":"14","author":"H Kraijo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kraijo, H., van Exel, J., & Brouwer, W. (2015). The perseverance time of informal carers for people with dementia: Results of a two-year longitudinal follow-up study. BMC Nurs, 14, 56.","journal-title":"BMC Nurs"},{"key":"2657_CR27","unstructured":"Actifcare. (2014). Actifcare. Retreived from 5 October 2016, https:\/\/gtr.ukri.org\/projects?ref=ES%2FL008831%2F1."},{"issue":"1","key":"2657_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-016-1672-3","volume":"16","author":"L Kerpershoek","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kerpershoek, L., de Vugt, M., Wolfs, C., Jelley, H., Orrell, M., Woods, B., et al. (2016). Access to timely formal dementia care in Europe: Protocol of the actifcare (ACcess to Timely Formal Care) study. BMC Health Serv Res, 16(1), 423.","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"2657_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1007\/s40273-016-0477-x","volume":"35","author":"RJ Hoefman","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hoefman, R. J., van Exel, J., & Brouwer, W. B. F. (2017). Measuring care-related quality of life of caregivers for use in economic evaluations: CarerQol tariffs for Australia, Germany, Sweden, UK, and US. PharmacoEconomics, 35(4), 469\u2013478.","journal-title":"PharmacoEconomics"},{"issue":"3","key":"2657_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-180275","volume":"66","author":"RLH Handels","year":"2018","unstructured":"Handels, R. L. H., Skoldunger, A., Bieber, A., Edwards, R. T., Goncalves-Pereira, M., Hopper, L., et al. (2018). Quality of life, care resource use, and costs of Dementia in 8 European Countries in a cross-sectional cohort of the actifcare study. J Alzheimers Dis, 66(3), 1027\u20131040.","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"2657_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1177\/0272989X13492013","volume":"34","author":"RJ Hoefman","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hoefman, R. J., van Exel, J., Rose, J. M., van de Wetering, E. J., & Brouwer, W. B. (2014). A discrete choice experiment to obtain a tariff for valuing informal care situations measured with the CarerQol instrument. Medical Decision Making, 34(1), 84\u201396.","journal-title":"Medical Decision Making"},{"issue":"6","key":"2657_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1429","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-019-02114-y","volume":"28","author":"L Proud","year":"2019","unstructured":"Proud, L., McLoughlin, C., & Kinghorn, P. (2019). ICECAP-O, the current state of play: a systematic review of studies reporting the psychometric properties and use of the instrument over the decade since its publication. Quality of Life Research, 28(6), 1429\u20131439.","journal-title":"Quality of Life Research"},{"issue":"7","key":"2657_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-008-9372-z","volume":"17","author":"J Coast","year":"2008","unstructured":"Coast, J., Peters, T. J., Natarajan, L., Sproston, K., & Flynn, T. (2008). An assessment of the construct validity of the descriptive system for the ICECAP capability measure for older people. Quality of Life Research, 17(7), 967\u2013976.","journal-title":"Quality of Life Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"2657_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-019-02317-3","volume":"29","author":"M Perry-Duxbury","year":"2020","unstructured":"Perry-Duxbury, M., van Exel, J., Brouwer, W., Sk\u00f6ldunger, A., Gon\u00e7alves-Pereira, M., Irving, K., et al. (2020). A validation study of the ICECAP-O in informal carers of people with dementia from eight European Countries. Quality of Life Research, 29(1), 237\u2013251.","journal-title":"Quality of Life Research"},{"issue":"10","key":"2657_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1727","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-011-9903-x","volume":"20","author":"M Herdman","year":"2011","unstructured":"Herdman, M., Gudex, C., Lloyd, A., Janssen, M., Kind, P., Parkin, D., et al. (2011). Development and preliminary testing of the new five-level version of EQ-5D (EQ-5D-5L). Quality of Life Research, 20(10), 1727\u20131736.","journal-title":"Quality of Life Research"},{"issue":"5","key":"2657_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2008.05.015","volume":"67","author":"J Coast","year":"2008","unstructured":"Coast, J., Flynn, T. N., Natarajan, L., Sproston, K., Lewis, J., Louviere, J. J., et al. (2008). Valuing the ICECAP capability index for older people. Social Science and Medicine, 67(5), 874\u2013882.","journal-title":"Social Science and Medicine"},{"key":"2657_CR37","unstructured":"National Institute for Health Care Excellence. (2017). Position statement on use of the EQ\u20105D\u20105L valuation set. https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/about\/what-wedo\/our-programmes\/nice-guidance\/technology-appraisal-guidance\/eq-5d-5l."},{"issue":"6","key":"2657_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.140.6.566","volume":"140","author":"CP Hughes","year":"1982","unstructured":"Hughes, C. P., Berg, L., Danziger, W. L., Coben, L. A., & Martin, R. L. (1982). A new clinical scale for the staging of dementia. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 140(6), 566\u2013572.","journal-title":"The British Journal of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"2657_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(75)90026-6","volume":"12","author":"MF Folstein","year":"1975","unstructured":"Folstein, M. F., Folstein, S. E., & McHugh, P. R. (1975). \"Mini-mental state\". A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 12(3), 189\u2013198.","journal-title":"Journal of Psychiatric Research"},{"issue":"12","key":"2657_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2308","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.44.12.2308","volume":"44","author":"JL Cummings","year":"1994","unstructured":"Cummings, J. L., Mega, M., Gray, K., Rosenberg-Thompson, S., Carusi, D. A., & Gornbein, J. (1994). The neuropsychiatric inventory: Comprehensive assessment of psychopathology in dementia. Neurology, 44(12), 2308\u20132314.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"3","key":"2657_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/9.3_Part_1.179","volume":"9","author":"MP Lawton","year":"1969","unstructured":"Lawton, M. P., & Brody, E. M. (1969). Assessment of older people: Self-maintaining and instrumental activities of daily living. Gerontologist, 9(3), 179\u2013186.","journal-title":"Gerontologist"},{"key":"2657_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.176.5.444","volume":"176","author":"T Reynolds","year":"2000","unstructured":"Reynolds, T., Thornicroft, G., Abas, M., Woods, B., Hoe, J., Leese, M., et al. (2000). Camberwell assessment of need for the elderly (CANE). development, validity and reliability. British Journal of Psychiatry, 176, 444\u2013452.","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"2657_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2012.06.008","volume":"9","author":"A Wimo","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wimo, A., Gustavsson, A., Jonsson, L., Winblad, B., Hsu, M. A., & Gannon, B. (2013). Application of resource utilization in Dementia (RUD) instrument in a global setting. Alzheimers Dement, 9(4), 429\u2013435.e417.","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"issue":"4","key":"2657_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1177\/014662168801200410","volume":"12","author":"J Cohen","year":"1988","unstructured":"Cohen, J. (1988). Set correlation and contingency tables. Applied Psychological Measurement, 12(4), 425\u2013434.","journal-title":"Applied Psychological Measurement"},{"key":"2657_CR45","volume-title":"Statistical Software: Release 16: College Station","author":"StataCorp.","year":"2019","unstructured":"StataCorp., (2019). Statistical Software: Release 16: College Station. TX: StataCorp LLC."},{"key":"2657_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gnz136","author":"MC Horton","year":"2019","unstructured":"Horton, M. C., Oyebode, J., Clare, L., Megson, M., Shearsmith, L., Brayne, C., et al. (2019). Measuring quality of life in carers of people with dementia: Development and psychometric evaluation of scales measuring the impact of DEmentia on CARers (SIDECAR). Gerontologist. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/geront\/gnz136.","journal-title":"Gerontologist"}],"container-title":["Quality of Life Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11136-020-02657-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11136-020-02657-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11136-020-02657-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,19]],"date-time":"2021-02-19T12:18:19Z","timestamp":1613737099000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11136-020-02657-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,28]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]}},"alternative-id":["2657"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11136-020-02657-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["0962-9343","1573-2649"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0962-9343","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-2649","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"25 September 2020","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 October 2020","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"All authors have declared that no competing interests exist.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"All individual countries received ethical approval in their own country. Ethical consideration differs between countries: Medischeethische toetsingscommissie (NL), Wales Research Ethics Committee 5, Bangor (UK), Ethics committee of the Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (DE), Regional committee for medical and health research ethics, South-East B (NO), the Regional Ethics Review Board (SW), Dublin City University Research Ethics Committee (IE), Ethics Committee of the Nova Medical School, Ethics Committee of Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, Ethics Committee of ARSLVT, Ethics Committee of ARSA, Comiss\u00e3o Nacional de Protec\u00e7\u00e3o de Dados (PT), Comitato Etico, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di DioFatebenefratelli (IT). All participating NHS sites in the UK received permission to perform the study. The caregiver and the person with dementia both signed a separate informed consent form, after they had sufficient time to read the form and ask questions if needed. The study protocol complies with the Medical Research Involving Human Subjects Act and codes on \u2018good use\u2019 of clinical data.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"The caregiver and the person with dementia both signed a separate informed consent form, after they had sufficient time to read the form and ask questions if needed.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}