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HRQoL was measured using the EQ-5D-5L. The association of self-reported COVID-19 infection, perceived health risk from COVID-19, selected sociodemographic variables and the COVID-19 stringency index with HRQoL was analyzed by logistic and linear fixed effects regressions.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>On average across all nine waves, the proportion of respondents reporting any problems in at least one of the EQ-5D dimensions ranged between 63.8% (Netherlands) and 71.0% (Denmark). Anxiety\/depression was the most frequently affected EQ-5D dimension in four countries (Portugal: 52.0%; United Kingdom: 50.2%; Italy: 49.2%; France: 49.0%), whereas pain\/discomfort ranked first in three countries (Denmark: 58.3%; Germany: 55.8%; Netherlands: 49.0%). On average across all nine waves, the EQ-VAS score ranged from 70.1 in the United Kingdom to 78.4 in Portugal. Moreover, the EQ-5D-5L index ranged from .82 in Denmark to .94 in France. The occurrence of COVID-19 infection, changes in the perceived risk to one\u2019s own health from COVID-19, the occurrence of income difficulties and an increase in the COVID-19 stringency index were associated with increased likelihood of problems in EQ-5D dimensions, reduced EQ-VAS score and reduced EQ-5D-5L index.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Across seven European countries, we found large proportions of respondents reporting problems in HRQoL dimensions throughout the pandemic, especially for anxiety\/depression. Various sociodemographic and COVID-19-related variables were associated with HRQoL in longitudinal analysis.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-022-03334-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,5]],"date-time":"2023-02-05T06:03:00Z","timestamp":1675576980000},"page":"1631-1644","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Health-related quality of life in seven European countries throughout the course of the COVID-19 pandemic: evidence from the European COvid Survey (ECOS)"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5711-6862","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hans-Helmut","family":"K\u00f6nig","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Neumann-B\u00f6hme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Iryna","family":"Sabat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jonas","family":"Schrey\u00f6gg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Aleksandra","family":"Torbica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Job","family":"van Exel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Pedro Pita","family":"Barros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Tom","family":"Stargardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Hajek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"3334_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.17703","volume":"3","author":"BT Crabb","year":"2020","unstructured":"Crabb, B. 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