{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T23:13:52Z","timestamp":1761866032526,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,5]],"date-time":"2010-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1262649600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ecological Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Comparative studies on the reproductive biology of closely related plant species have provided valuable information to understand the causes and consequences of common\u2010rare differences with possible applications for the management of threatened populations. The magnitude and spatiotemporal variability of seed production and pre\u2010dispersal reproductive losses were studied for 3 years in the rare endemic\n                    <jats:italic>Euphorbia welwitschii<\/jats:italic>\n                    and in its widespread congener\n                    <jats:italic>E. characias<\/jats:italic>\n                    . The factors responsible for a decrease in potential seed production in these species were the lack of a functional ovary in the cyathium, ovary and fruit abortion, seed predation by insects and seed abortion. In\n                    <jats:italic>E. characias<\/jats:italic>\n                    , the moth\n                    <jats:italic>Acroclita subsequana<\/jats:italic>\n                    was also responsible for minor reproductive losses. The proportion of male cyathia varied significantly between seasons, populations and species, being consistently higher in\n                    <jats:italic>E. characias<\/jats:italic>\n                    than in\n                    <jats:italic>E. welwitschii<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Reproductive losses that resulted in ovary, fruit and seed abortion affected mostly the endemic species and were heavier in the populations located near the sea due to local adverse climatic conditions. Seed predators inflicted higher reproductive losses to the endemic species than to its widespread congener and their impact was particularly heavy at Risco. The two\n                    <jats:italic>Euphorbia<\/jats:italic>\n                    species differed markedly in cyathia production, with\n                    <jats:italic>E. welwitschii<\/jats:italic>\n                    producing systematically a lower number of cyathia than its widespread congener and this, together with higher levels of ovary, fruit and seed abortion, seemed to be the main reasons for the low reproductive output of this rare species.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11284-009-0674-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,4]],"date-time":"2010-01-04T01:03:00Z","timestamp":1262566980000},"page":"447-456","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Plant fecundity and pre\u2010dispersal reproductive losses in a common and a rare\n                    <i>Euphorbia<\/i>\n                    species (Euphorbiaceae)"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"M\u00e1rio","family":"Boieiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Biologia Animal, Centro de Biologia Ambiental Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias da Universidade de Lisboa Lisbon 1749\u2010016 Portugal"}]},{"given":"Artur R. M.","family":"Serrano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Biologia Animal, Centro de Biologia Ambiental Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias da Universidade de Lisboa Lisbon 1749\u2010016 Portugal"}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Rego","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grup de Biologia Evolutiva, Departament de Gen\u00e8tica i de Microbiologia Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona Bellaterra Barcelona 08193 Spain"}]},{"given":"Xavier","family":"Espadaler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CREAF and Unitat d'Ecolog\u00eda Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona Bellaterra Barcelona 08193 Spain"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00379950"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bojl.2000.0421"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","first-page":"210","volume-title":"Flora Iberica. 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