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We also determined the relative contribution of local, landscape, and spatial factors explaining the differences in the distribution patterns of the two species in the region. Using a kriging interpolation method, we obtained a map of sympatric and allopatric areas of species occurrence. The estimated sympatry area corresponded to a northwest\u2013southeast belt representing 11.3% of the study area. Habitat niche differences were assessed with binomial GLMs followed by a variance partitioning. At a local scale, higher altitude, higher cover of shrubs, lower clay content in the soil, and lower cover of tree canopy were the most important factors distinguishing\n                    <jats:italic>M. lusitanicus<\/jats:italic>\n                    presence sites from those with\n                    <jats:italic>M. duodecimcostatus.<\/jats:italic>\n                    At a larger scale, the presence of forest landscape units and the low abundance of \u201cmontado\u201d units were the most influencing landscape factors in the identification of\n                    <jats:italic>M. lusitanicus<\/jats:italic>\n                    occurrence sites when compared to\n                    <jats:italic>M. duodecimcostatus<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Our results suggested that local coexistence of\n                    <jats:italic>M. lusitanicus<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>M. duodecimcostatus<\/jats:italic>\n                    in the field is a rare event. The differences in distribution patterns of the two pine vole species were mostly explained by fine\u2010scale environmental factors and by shared spatial effects.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11284-010-0728-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,5,20]],"date-time":"2010-05-20T23:05:41Z","timestamp":1274396741000},"page":"1019-1031","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Local coexistence and niche differences between the Lusitanian and Mediterranean pine voles (\n                    <i>Microtus lusitanicus<\/i>\n                    and\n                    <i>M. duodecimcostatus<\/i>\n                    )"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Sara M.","family":"Santos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Biology, Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Faculty of Sciences University of Lisbon Campo Grande Lisbon 1749\u2010016 Portugal"}]},{"given":"Maria da Luz","family":"Mathias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Biology, Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Faculty of Sciences University of Lisbon Campo Grande Lisbon 1749\u2010016 Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ant\u00f3nio P.","family":"Mira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Conservation Biology Unit, Institute of Mediterranean Agricultural and Environmental Sciences University of \u00c9vora P\u00f3lo da Mitra \u00c9vora 7002\u2010554 Portugal"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,5,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1938646"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","unstructured":"BivandRet al (2008b)spdep: Spatial dependence: weighting schemes statistics and models.R package version 0.4\u201021"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1461-0248.2003.00530.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3207(03)00187-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","first-page":"843","article-title":"Bioclimatic modelling, morphology, and behaviour reveal alternative mechanisms regulating the distributions of two parapatric salamander species","volume":"9","author":"Arif S","year":"2007","journal-title":"Evol Ecol Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00258976"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2404755"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3800(02)00205-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1466-8238.2007.00331.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00132855"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","volume-title":"Applied spatial data analysis with R","author":"Bivand R","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1940179"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","first-page":"52","article-title":"Habitat segregation of three sympatric fossorial rodents in the Spanish Pyrenees","volume":"59","author":"Borghi CE","year":"1994","journal-title":"Z Saugetierkunde"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/mamm.1987.51.1.145"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.es.22.110191.000315"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","first-page":"111","volume-title":"Ecological census techniques: a handbook","author":"Bullock J","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","volume-title":"Model selection and multimodel inference: a practical information\u2010theoretic approach","author":"Burnham KP","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10336-008-0295-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","volume-title":"Contributos para a identifica\u00e7\u00e3o e caracteriza\u00e7\u00e3o da paisagem em Portugal Continental, vol III. 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