{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T05:05:33Z","timestamp":1769058333436,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,7]],"date-time":"2012-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1341619200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ecological Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Information on plant seed dispersal, natural loss dynamics of seeds and germination are critical for understanding natural regeneration mechanisms. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of different forest stand densities on seedfall, seed predation, and seedling germination of two populations of the endangered Spanish black Pine forests located at lower (Central population) and higher elevation near the limit of the species\u2019 range (peripheral population) in the Cuenca Mountains of Central Spain. The seed predation and germination experiment also included a nested site preparation treatment. Seed fall varied significantly between 2006 and 2005 or 2007 in both populations. During the only mast year of 2006, higher seedfall was observed at lower elevation and in higher density stands. Predation rates were influenced by the seed crop since predators consumed more than 75 % of seeds in years with lower production and less than 15 % in a mast year. Seed germination is influenced by forest habitat, stand density and soil scalping. For common habitat types, and in a high seed production year, better seed germination rates were observed in medium and dense stands (25\u201330 and 35\u201340 m\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    ha\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    , respectively, in terms of basal area). No statistical difference in seed germination rate was found for Spanish black pine forest at its ecological distribution limit between lower and higher densities (15\u201320 and 35\u201340 m\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    ha\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    , in terms of basal area). In both sites, closed stands with soil scalping exhibited higher germination rates.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11284-012-0969-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,6]],"date-time":"2012-07-06T03:17:43Z","timestamp":1341544663000},"page":"913-921","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Natural regeneration of Spanish black pine [\n                    <i>Pinus nigra<\/i>\n                    Arn. ssp.\n                    <i>salzmannii<\/i>\n                    (Dunal) Franco] at contrasting altitudes in a Mediterranean mountain area"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Manuel E.","family":"Lucas\u2010Borja","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agroforestry Technology and Science and Genetics, School of Advanced Agricultural Engineering Castilla La Mancha University Albacete 02071 Spain"}]},{"given":"Teresa Fidalgo","family":"Fonseca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forest Sciences and Landscape Architecture University of Tr\u00e1s\u2010os\u2010Montes e Alto Douro Vila Real 5001\u2010801 Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Lu\u00eds","family":"Lousada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CITAB, Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro\u2010Environmental and Biological Sciences UTAD Vila Real Portugal"}]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Silva\u2010Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Modelling and Environment NOCTULA Urb. Vilabeira Lote 6\u20104\u00b0 F Viseu 3500\u2010733 Portugal"}]},{"given":"Eduardo Mart\u00ednez","family":"Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agroforestry Technology and Science and Genetics, School of Advanced Agricultural Engineering Castilla La Mancha University Albacete 02071 Spain"}]},{"given":"Manuela Andr\u00e9s","family":"Abell\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agroforestry Technology and Science and Genetics, School of Advanced Agricultural Engineering Castilla La Mancha University Albacete 02071 Spain"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","volume-title":"Atlas fitoclim\u00e1tico de Espa\u00f1a","author":"Allu\u00e9 JL","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envexpbot.2006.04.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/x98-036"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2265707"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1009865703906"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2656950"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"CrawleyMJ(1992)Seed predators and plant population dynamics. 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