{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T02:48:30Z","timestamp":1761878910948,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,18]],"date-time":"2013-01-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1358467200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ecological Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The alarm pheromones often released by animals under stressful situations seem to elicit behavioral changes in conspecifics, which in the appropriate context can be viewed as anti\u2010predatory responses. However, the releasing of alarm pheromones associated with predatory events has not been demonstrated in mammals. In the current study with wild\u2010caught Cabrera voles, we carried out experiments in the laboratory and in the field to assess the release of alarm pheromones in scent\u2010marks during simulated predatory events and disclose their effects on conspecifics. We first conducted an assay wherein voles where let to scent\u2010mark a clean substrate in the absence of disturbance (control) and under the simulation of predatory events. Contrarily to the control, no fecal boli were released and the area marked with urine was significantly larger during the predatory simulation. In a subsequent assay, we assessed the voles\u2019 preference between urine\u2010marks released under predatory simulation and in control conditions. Voles showed a significant preference by control substrates. Finally, a third assay was carried out in the vole's habitat wherein the individual activity was monitored by radio\u2010tracking before and after placement of urine\u2010marks obtained during the conditions described above. The vole's activity was only reduced near the urine\u2010marks released during the simulated predatory events. The results suggest that: (1) during predatory attempts, Cabrera voles release an alarm pheromone in their urine\u2010marks; (2) the putative alarm pheromone reduces the voles\u2019 activity in the surroundings of the marked area; (3) the putative alarm pheromone persists in the field affecting conspecifics\u2019 activity for several days.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11284-012-1023-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,17]],"date-time":"2013-01-17T03:42:54Z","timestamp":1358394174000},"page":"335-343","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Alarm scent\u2010marking during predatory attempts in the Cabrera vole (\n                    <i>Microtus cabrerae<\/i>\n                    Thomas, 1906)"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Luis Alexandre Piteira","family":"Gomes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Ecossistemas e Paisagens Mediterr\u00e2nicas, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Agr\u00e1rias e Ambientais Mediterr\u00e2nicas, Universidade de \u00c9vora N\u00facleo da Mitra, Apartado 94 \u00c9vora 7002\u2010554 Portugal"},{"name":"Unidade de Biologia da Conserva\u00e7\u00e3o, Universidade de \u00c9vora N\u00facleo da Mitra, Apartado 94 \u00c9vora 7002\u2010554 Portugal"}]},{"given":"Pedro Miguel Pedreirinho","family":"Salgado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidade de Biologia da Conserva\u00e7\u00e3o, Universidade de \u00c9vora N\u00facleo da Mitra, Apartado 94 \u00c9vora 7002\u2010554 Portugal"}]},{"given":"Eduardo Nuno","family":"Barata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Biologia Universidade de \u00c9vora Apartado 94 \u00c9vora 7002\u2010554 Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ant\u00f3nio Paulo Pereira","family":"Mira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidade de Biologia da Conserva\u00e7\u00e3o, Universidade de \u00c9vora N\u00facleo da Mitra, Apartado 94 \u00c9vora 7002\u2010554 Portugal"},{"name":"CIBIO, Centro de 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