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The experimental conditions were determined by a Box-Behnken Design of 3 factors-3 levels (pH 4, 6, and 8; sorbent dose 20, 100, and 180\u00a0mg\/L; and element concentration 1, 3, and 5\u00a0\u03bcmol\/L). Three-dimensional response surfaces were used to assess the linear, quadratic, and interaction influences of each factor on the REEs\u2019 removal percentage. The pH was the most significant factor in the removal process using AM-3, while the sorbent dose was more important for AM-4. The results highlighted the sorbents\u2019 strong capacity for REE removal. The optimal operating conditions obtained by RSM were applied to aqueous solutions with salinity 10 (common in coastal and transitional systems) and 30 (average seawater salinity). The results showed that AM-3 has a strong potential for removing REEs in solutions with salinity 10 and 30, while AM-4 was less efficient due to competition between REEs and other ions present in the solution.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-024-33063-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,2]],"date-time":"2024-04-02T13:01:56Z","timestamp":1712062916000},"page":"28856-28869","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Enhanced removal of rare earth elements from aqueous media: exploring the potential of AM-3 and AM-4 titanosilicates"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Joana C.","family":"Almeida","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"C\u00e1tia","family":"Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Daniela S.","family":"Tavares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Henriques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Zhi","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Rocha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Eduarda","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"33063_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2011.08.014","volume":"195","author":"OIM Ali","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ali OIM, Osman HH, Sayed SA, Shalabi MEH (2011) The removal of some rare earth elements from their aqueous solutions on by-pass cement dust (BCD). 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