{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T00:49:16Z","timestamp":1778892556577,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"45","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762819200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762819200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PRIMA\/0002\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PRIMA\/0002\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020.06577.BD"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020.06577.BD"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/50016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/50016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023.15056.TENURE.047"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023.15056.TENURE.047"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023.15056.TENURE.048"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023.15056.TENURE.048"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007601","name":"Horizon 2020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["869474"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["869474"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007601","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Environ Sci Pollut Res"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-025-37036-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T18:57:33Z","timestamp":1762887453000},"page":"25944-25958","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Valorization of wastewater-derived biopolymers for use as soil amendments in agriculture"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Catarina","family":"Miranda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5897-687X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sofia I. A.","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana S. S.","family":"Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philipp","family":"Wilfert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"van Loosdrecht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ant\u00f3nio","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paula M. L.","family":"Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Catarina L.","family":"Amorim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"37036_CR1","unstructured":"APHA (1998). In: Standard methods for the examination of water and waste water. 20th edition. American Public Health Association, Washington DC, USA, pp. 10-161."},{"key":"37036_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms12061212","volume":"12","author":"Y Aoudi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Aoudi Y, Agake S, Habibi S, Stacey G, Yasuda M, Ohkama-Ohtsu N (2024) Effect of bacterial extracellular polymeric substances from Enterobacter spp. on rice growth under abiotic stress and transcriptomic analysis. Microorganisms 12:1212. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/microorganisms12061212","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"37036_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e39606","volume":"10","author":"DM Asfaw","year":"2024","unstructured":"Asfaw DM, Asnakew YW, Sendkie FB, Abdulkadr AA, Mekonnen BA, Tiruneh HD, Ebad AM (2024) Analysis of constraints and opportunities in maize production and marketing in Ethiopia. Heliyon 10:e39606. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e39606","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"37036_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.119819","volume":"234","author":"NT Bahgat","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bahgat NT, Wilfert P, Korving L, van Loosdrecht MCM (2023) Integrated resource recovery from aerobic granular sludge plants. Water Res 234:119819. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.watres.2023.119819","journal-title":"Water Res"},{"key":"37036_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2024.122077","volume":"262","author":"NT Bahgat","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bahgat NT, Wilfert P, Eustace SJ, Korving L, van Loosdrecht MCM (2024) Phosphorous speciation in EPS extracted from aerobic granular sludge. Water Res 262:122077. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.watres.2024.122077","journal-title":"Water Res"},{"key":"37036_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Behera L, Datta D, Kumar S, Kumar S, Sravani B, Chandra R (2022) Role of microbial consortia in remediation of soil, water and environmental pollution caused by indiscriminate use of chemicals in agriculture: opportunities and challenges. In: New and future developments in microbial biotechnology and bioengineering: sustainable agriculture: advances in microbe-based biostimulants. Elsevier, pp 399\u2013418. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/B978-0-323-85577-8.00019-6","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85577-8.00019-6"},{"key":"37036_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2022.116247","volume":"324","author":"R Campo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Campo R, Carretti E, Lubello C, Lotti T (2022) Recovery of structural extracellular polymeric substances (sEPS) from aerobic granular sludge: insights on biopolymers characterization and hydrogel properties for potential applications. J Environ Manage 324:116247. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jenvman.2022.116247","journal-title":"J Environ Manage"},{"key":"37036_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e35699","volume":"10","author":"M Castellini","year":"2024","unstructured":"Castellini M, Bond\u00ec C, Giglio L, Iovino M (2024) Impact of vermicompost addition on water availability of differently textured soils. Heliyon 10:e35699. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e35699","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"37036_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1007\/s11104-020-04747-2","volume":"457","author":"Y Cheng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cheng Y, Wang H-Q, Liu P, Dong S-T, Zhang J-W, Zhao B, Ren B-Z (2020) Nitrogen placement at sowing affects root growth, grain yield formation, N use efficiency in maize. Plant Soil 457:355\u2013373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11104-020-04747-2","journal-title":"Plant Soil"},{"key":"37036_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.01636","volume":"9","author":"OYA Costa","year":"2018","unstructured":"Costa OYA, Raaijmakers JM, Kuramae EE (2018) Microbial extracellular polymeric substances: ecological function and impact on soil aggregation. Front Microbiol 9:337094. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2018.01636","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"37036_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2015.02.005","volume":"514","author":"TT Doan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Doan TT, Henry-des-Tureaux T, Rumpel C, Janeau J-L, Jouquet P (2015) Impact of compost, vermicompost and biochar on soil fertility, maize yield and soil erosion in Northern Vietnam: a three year mesocosm experiment. Sci Total Environ 514:147\u2013154. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2015.02.005","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"37036_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2011.08.083","volume":"87","author":"F Donot","year":"2012","unstructured":"Donot F, Fontana A, Baccou JC, Schorr-Galindo S (2012) Microbial exopolysaccharides: main examples of synthesis, excretion, genetics and extraction. Carbohydr Polym 87:951\u2013962. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.carbpol.2011.08.083","journal-title":"Carbohydr Polym"},{"key":"37036_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1021\/ac60111a017","volume":"28","author":"M DuBois","year":"1956","unstructured":"DuBois M, Gilles KA, Hamilton JK, Rebers PA, Smith F (1956) Colorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances. Anal Chem 28:350\u2013356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/ac60111a017","journal-title":"Anal Chem"},{"key":"37036_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2020.110468","volume":"264","author":"GdeF Esteves","year":"2020","unstructured":"Esteves GdeF, de Souza KRD, Bressanin LA, Andrade PCC, Veroneze J\u00fanior V, dos Reis PE, da Silva AB, Mantovani JR, Magalh\u00e3es PC, Pasqual M, de Souza TC (2020) Vermicompost improves maize, millet and sorghum growth in iron mine tailings. J Environ Manage 264:110468. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jenvman.2020.110468","journal-title":"J Environ Manage"},{"key":"37036_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2019.03.068","volume":"157","author":"S Felz","year":"2019","unstructured":"Felz S, Vermeulen P, van Loosdrecht MCM, Lin YM (2019) Chemical characterization methods for the analysis of structural extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). Water Res 157:201\u2013208. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.watres.2019.03.068","journal-title":"Water Res"},{"key":"37036_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.still.2022.105462","volume":"225","author":"T Garbowski","year":"2023","unstructured":"Garbowski T, Bar-Michalczyk D, Charazi\u0144ska S, Grabowska-Polanowska B, Kowalczyk A, Lochy\u0144ski P (2023) An overview of natural soil amendments in agriculture. Soil Tillage Res 225:105462. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.still.2022.105462","journal-title":"Soil Tillage Res"},{"key":"37036_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12870-022-03972-4","volume":"22","author":"D Hu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hu D, Li R, Dong S, Zhang J, Zhao B, Ren B, Ren H, Yao H, Wang Z, Liu P (2022) Maize (Zea mays L.) responses to salt stress in terms of root anatomy, respiration and antioxidative enzyme activity. BMC Plant Biol 22:602. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12870-022-03972-4","journal-title":"BMC Plant Biol"},{"key":"37036_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.17221\/36\/2018-swr","volume":"14","author":"H Hudcov\u00e1","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hudcov\u00e1 H, Vymazal J, Rozko\u0161n\u00fd M (2019) Present restrictions of sewage sludge application in agriculture within the European Union. Soil Water Res 14:104\u2013120. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17221\/36\/2018-swr","journal-title":"Soil Water Res"},{"key":"37036_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2022.802274","volume":"13","author":"M Ishfaq","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ishfaq M, Wang Y, Yan M, Wang Z, Wu L, Li C, Li X (2022) Physiological essence of magnesium in plants and its widespread deficiency in the farming system of China. Front Plant Sci 13:802274. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpls.2022.802274","journal-title":"Front Plant Sci"},{"key":"37036_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jwpe.2020.101148","volume":"34","author":"I Karakas","year":"2020","unstructured":"Karakas I, Sam SB, Cetin E, Dulekgurgen E, Yilmaz G (2020) Resource recovery from an aerobic granular sludge process treating domestic wastewater. J Water Process Eng 34:101148. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jwpe.2020.101148","journal-title":"J Water Process Eng"},{"key":"37036_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2098","DOI":"10.3390\/agriculture12122098","volume":"12","author":"Z Landorfa-Svalbe","year":"2022","unstructured":"Landorfa-Svalbe Z, Vikmane M, Ievinsh G (2022) Vermicompost amendment in soil affects growth and physiology of Zea mays plants and decreases Pb accumulation in tissues. Agriculture (Basel) 12:2098. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/agriculture12122098","journal-title":"Agriculture (Basel)"},{"key":"37036_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2016.12.006","volume":"490","author":"N Li","year":"2017","unstructured":"Li N, Wei D, Wang S, Hu L, Xu W, Du B, Wei Q (2017) Comparative study of the role of extracellular polymeric substances in biosorption of Ni(II) onto aerobic\/anaerobic granular sludge. J Colloid Interface Sci 490:754\u2013761. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcis.2016.12.006","journal-title":"J Colloid Interface Sci"},{"key":"37036_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.113701","volume":"240","author":"Y Li","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li Y, Shi X, Ling Q, Li S, Wei J, Xin M, Xie D, Chen X, Liu K, Yu F (2022) Bacterial extracellular polymeric substances: impact on soil microbial community composition and their potential role in heavy metal-contaminated soil. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 240:113701. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.113701","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol Environ Saf"},{"key":"37036_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.122351","volume":"370","author":"C Li","year":"2024","unstructured":"Li C, Liu J, Yu C, Lou G (2024) Feasibility analysis of continuous extraction of biomaterials from flocculant sludge and potential applications in the fire protection field. J Environ Manage 370:122351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.122351","journal-title":"J Environ Manage"},{"key":"37036_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgg.2024.10.007","volume":"52","author":"J Li","year":"2025","unstructured":"Li J, Cao H, Li S, Dong X, Zhao Z, Jia Z, Yuan L (2025) Genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying nitrogen use efficiency in maize. J Genet Genom 52:276\u2013286. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jgg.2024.10.007","journal-title":"J Genet Genom"},{"key":"37036_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jwpe.2021.101924","volume":"40","author":"X Liu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Liu X, Liu J, Deng D, Li R, Guo C, Ma J, Chen M (2021) Investigation of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in four types of sludge: factors influencing EPS properties and sludge granulation. J Water Process Eng 40:101924. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jwpe.2021.101924","journal-title":"J Water Process Eng"},{"key":"37036_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/SU151914573","volume":"15","author":"X Liu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liu X, Ren W, Zhai Y, Xie Y, Liang F, Xu Z (2023) Enhanced recovery of alginate-like extracellular polymers (ALE) from waste-activated sludge using sodium percarbonate: performance and characteristics. Sustainability 15:15:14573. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/SU151914573","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"37036_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)52451-6","volume":"193","author":"OH Lowry","year":"1951","unstructured":"Lowry OH, Rosebrough NJ, Farr AL, Randall RJ (1951) Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem 193:265\u2013275. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)52451-6","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"37036_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jwpe.2025.107592","volume":"72","author":"C Miranda","year":"2025","unstructured":"Miranda C, Maia AS, Tiritan ME, Castro PML, Amorim CL (2025) Microbiome adaptation of aerobic granular sludge allows process resilience during the treatment of seawater-based wastewater with pharmaceuticals. J Water Process Eng 72:107592. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jwpe.2025.107592","journal-title":"J Water Process Eng"},{"key":"37036_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1007\/s43621-024-00245-y","volume":"5","author":"DD Mohite","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mohite DD, Chavan SS, Jadhav VS, Kanase T, Kadam MA, Singh AS (2024) Vermicomposting: a holistic approach for sustainable crop production, nutrient-rich bio fertilizer, and environmental restoration. Discover Sustainability 5:60. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s43621-024-00245-y","journal-title":"Discover Sustainability"},{"key":"37036_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2014.05.010","volume":"144","author":"TT More","year":"2014","unstructured":"More TT, Yadav JSS, Yan S, Tyagi RD, Surampalli RY (2014) Extracellular polymeric substances of bacteria and their potential environmental applications. J Environ Manage 144:1\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jenvman.2014.05.010","journal-title":"J Environ Manage"},{"key":"37036_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rhisph.2025.101136","volume":"35","author":"A Overall","year":"2025","unstructured":"Overall A, Moreira H, Sousa ASS, Wilfert P, van Loosdrecht M, Castro PML, Pereira SIA (2025) Enhancing maize growth and reducing irrigation needs with extracellular polymeric substances and microbial inoculants. Rhizosphere 35:101136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rhisph.2025.101136","journal-title":"Rhizosphere"},{"key":"37036_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/soilsystems7040101","volume":"7","author":"I Oyege","year":"2023","unstructured":"Oyege I, Balaji Bhaskar MS (2023) Effects of vermicompost on soil and plant health and promoting sustainable agriculture. Soil Syst 7:101. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/soilsystems7040101","journal-title":"Soil Syst"},{"key":"37036_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.CEJ.2024.149819","volume":"485","author":"B Pagliaccia","year":"2024","unstructured":"Pagliaccia B, Campo R, Carretti E, Severi M, Lubello C, Lotti T (2024) Towards resource recovery-oriented solutions in agriculture exploiting structural extracellular polymeric substances (sEPS) extracted from aerobic granular sludge (AGS). Chem Eng J 485:149819. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.CEJ.2024.149819","journal-title":"Chem Eng J"},{"key":"37036_CR35","unstructured":"Posada SV (2023) Extracellular polymeric substances from aerobic granular sludge. Master  Dissertation, Delft University of Technology."},{"key":"37036_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3224","DOI":"10.1007\/s00284-020-02169-y","volume":"77","author":"I Saha","year":"2020","unstructured":"Saha I, Datta S, Biswas D (2020) Exploring the role of bacterial extracellular polymeric substances for sustainable development in agriculture. Curr Microbiol 77:3224\u20133239. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00284-020-02169-y","journal-title":"Curr Microbiol"},{"key":"37036_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2021.112307","volume":"287","author":"T Siddharth","year":"2021","unstructured":"Siddharth T, Sridhar P, Vinila V, Tyagi RD (2021) Environmental applications of microbial extracellular polymeric substance (EPS): a review. J Environ Manage 287:112307. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jenvman.2021.112307","journal-title":"J Environ Manage"},{"key":"37036_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eti.2025.104323","volume":"39","author":"R Soria","year":"2025","unstructured":"Soria R, de la Rosa JM, Gonz\u00e1lez-P\u00e9rez JA, Bastida F, Ortega R, Miralles I (2025) Assessing organic amendments for improving SOM dynamics and microbial functioning in degraded quarry soils. Environ Technol Innov 39:104323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eti.2025.104323","journal-title":"Environ Technol Innov"},{"key":"37036_CR39","unstructured":"United Nations (2024) UN Population Division Data Portal. https:\/\/population.un.org\/dataportal\/home?df=fdfd4287-6e77-48fe-b1fc-cc3b7f6c28b8 Accessed 1 Sept 2025"},{"key":"37036_CR40","unstructured":"Wilfert PK, van Loosdrecht MCM, Velasquez PS, Picken SJ, Chassagne C, Lin Y, Raja A, Kleine GY, Shajimon A, Chen LM, de Bruin S, Persiani RP, Diniz BC, Bahgat TMSM, Smit M, van der Knaap ED, Pronk M (2024) Kaumera Methods Manual: A comprehensive guide to lab extraction and characterization methods for extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). Delft University of Technology. https:\/\/pure.tudelft.nl\/ws\/portalfiles\/portal\/213476199\/kaumera_methods_manual_1.pdf. Accessed 7 Oct 2025"},{"key":"37036_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.176471","volume":"954","author":"J Xu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Xu J, Liu S, Zhou J, Li L, Bi X, Han W, Wu D (2024) Response of aerobic granular sludge to salinity fluctuations in formation, stability and microbial community structures. Sci Total Environ 954:176471. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.176471","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"37036_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1180\/gbi.2024.4","volume":"1","author":"M Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang M, Wu Y, Qu C, Huang Q, Cai P (2024) Microbial extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in soil: from interfacial behaviour to ecological multifunctionality. Geo-Bio Interfaces 1:e4. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1180\/gbi.2024.4","journal-title":"Geo-Bio Interfaces"}],"container-title":["Environmental Science and Pollution Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11356-025-37036-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11356-025-37036-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11356-025-37036-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]],"date-time":"2025-11-28T05:45:10Z","timestamp":1764308710000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11356-025-37036-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"45","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["37036"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11356-025-37036-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1614-7499"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1614-7499","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 July 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 September 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 November 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}