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This work aims to study the presence, quantify, and evaluate the dissemination of mercury (Hg), a potentially toxic element (PTE) of major public health concern by the World Health Organization (WHO), from a waste pile affected by coal fires.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Samples from areas affected and unaffected by the combustion and from surrounding soil were collected from Fojo waste pile region. First, the Hg pseudo-total concentration was estimated for all collected samples by soil microwave\u2013assisted digestion with <jats:italic>aqua regia<\/jats:italic> (USEPA 3051A). Then, a sequential extraction procedure (SEP), the USEPA 3200, was applied for Hg fractionation and speciation aiming to evaluate Hg mobility and bioavailability to surrounding ecosystems.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results and discussion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The results obtained showed a Hg enrichment in soil samples when compared to Portuguese and international reference values for soils. Relatively to the Hg availability and mobility, although it predominates in the semi-mobile fraction, the waste pile materials exposed to combustion showed a concerning increase of Hg levels in the mobile fraction that contains the more labile Hg species, being a major source of environmental contamination by Hg.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This study allowed to conclude that combustion of mining residues increased Hg mobility, toxicity, and bioavailability, increasing the contamination potential of the coal waste pile. The methodology applied in this work can be replicated in other abandoned mines to monitor, control, and\/or mitigate the Hg environmental impact in the surrounding soils and waters.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11368-024-03786-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,4]],"date-time":"2024-04-04T05:01:56Z","timestamp":1712206916000},"page":"2068-2077","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Assessment of mobile mercury concentration in soils of an abandoned coalfield waste pile in Douro region: the Fojo waste pile (Portugal) study case"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Marcus","family":"Monteiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Patr\u00edcia","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jorge E.","family":"Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Deolinda","family":"Flores","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Carlos M.","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6421-9763","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 A.","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Azenha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"3786_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1218","DOI":"10.3390\/su15021218","volume":"15","author":"SR Abdul Rashid","year":"2023","unstructured":"Abdul Rashid SR, Wan Yaacob WZ, Umor MR (2023) Assessments of heavy metals accumulation, bioavailability, mobility, and toxicity in serpentine soils. 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