{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T19:35:13Z","timestamp":1775072113650,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,6]],"date-time":"2019-11-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1572998400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,6]],"date-time":"2019-11-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1572998400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Ment Health Addiction"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>New psychoactive substances (NPS) continue to be considered as a major public health concern in many European countries. The study was implemented within the framework of a transnational project of six European countries (Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal). Our aim here is to report on the distinct and differentiating characteristics of marginalised NPS users. Three subgroups of a total of 3023 adult NPS users (socially marginalised, night life, online community) were examined regarding their socio-demographic characteristics, substance use, and external motives towards NPS use. Poland and Hungary reported higher rates of NPS use in comparison to traditional controlled drugs. The external\/contextual motives did not play a central role in the background of NPS use, the least important motives were alleged legality and non-detectability of these substances. Marginalised (defined as those accessing low threshold harm reduction services) users\u2019 substance use patterns are different from the other two groups in terms of showing more intense and riskier drug use. The most important variables which contributed to be categorised as a marginalised NPS user were lower level education, being older, having an unfavourable labour market position and using drugs intravenously. Contextual motives did not play a decisive role in being categorised as a marginalised user when drug use pattern was controlled. These identified discriminative features of marginalised drug users should inform policy makers to develop and implement tailor-made interventions targeting this user group to successfully tackle the elevated public health concerns associated with NPS use.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11469-019-00128-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,6]],"date-time":"2019-11-06T20:02:47Z","timestamp":1573070567000},"page":"1128-1147","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Discriminative Characteristics of Marginalised Novel Psychoactive Users: a Transnational Study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Katalin","family":"Felvinczi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Annemieke","family":"Benschop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"R\u00f3bert","family":"Urb\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Marie Claire","family":"Van Hout","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Katarzyna","family":"D\u0105browska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Evelyn","family":"Hearne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Susana","family":"Henriques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Zsuzsa","family":"Kal\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Gerrit","family":"Kamphausen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Joana Paula","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"\u0141ukasz","family":"Wieczorek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Bernd","family":"Werse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Michal","family":"Bujalski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5604-7551","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zsolt","family":"Demetrovics","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Dirk","family":"Korf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"128_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1465-3362.2012.00519.x","volume":"32","author":"MJ Barratt","year":"2013","unstructured":"Barratt, M. J., Cakic, V., & Lenton, S. (2013). Patterns of synthetic cannabinoid use in Australia. Drug and Alcohol Review, 32, 141\u2013146. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1465-3362.2012.00519.x\n\n.","journal-title":"Drug and Alcohol Review"},{"key":"128_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.09.003","volume":"40","author":"A Benschop","year":"2015","unstructured":"Benschop, A., Liebregts, N., van der Pol, P., Schaap, R., Buisman, R., van Laar, M., van den Brink, W., de Graaf, R., & Korf, D. J. (2015). Reliability and validity of the marijuana motives measure among young adult frequent cannabis users and associations with cannabis dependence. Addictive Behaviors, 40, 91\u201395.","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"key":"128_CR3","unstructured":"Benschop A., Bujalski M, Dabrowska K., Demetrovics Z., Egger D., Felvinczi K., Henriques S., Kalo Z., Kamphausen G., Korf D.J., Nabben T., Silva J.P., Van Hout M.C., Werse B., Wells J., Wieczorek L., Wouters M. (2017). New psychoactive substances: transnational project on different user groups, user characteristics, extent and patterns of use, market dynamics, and best practices in prevention (NPS-transnational project; HOME\/2014\/JDRU\/AG\/DRUG\/7077). Final Report. Amsterdam: Bonger Institute of Criminology, University of Amsterdam."},{"key":"128_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Benschop A, Urban R, F\u00f6v\u00e9ny M, D\u0105browska K, Van Hout MC, D\u0105browska K, Felvinczi K, Hearne E, Henriques S, Kal\u00f3 Zs, Kamphausen G, Silva JP, Wieczorek L, Werse B, Bujalski M, Korf D, Demetrovics Zs, (2019) Why do people use new psychoactive substances? Development of a new measurement tool in six European countries. Submitted for publication.","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881120904951"},{"key":"128_CR5","unstructured":"Caudevilla F (2016) The emergence of deep web marketplaces: a health perspective. The internet and drug markets. (European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction: Insights 21) (pp. 69\u201375). Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union."},{"issue":"2","key":"128_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.6.2.117","volume":"6","author":"M Cooper","year":"1994","unstructured":"Cooper, M. (1994). Motivations for alcohol use among adolescents: development and validation of a four-factor model. Psychological Assessment, 6(2), 117\u2013128.","journal-title":"Psychological Assessment"},{"issue":"2","key":"128_CR7","first-page":"89","volume":"49","author":"O Corazza","year":"2014","unstructured":"Corazza, O., Simonato, P., Corkery, J., Trincas, G., & Schifano, F. (2014). \u201cLegal highs\u201d: safe and legal \u201cheavens\u201d? A study on the diffusion, knowledge and risk awareness of novel psychoactive drugs among students in the UK. Rivista di Psichiatria, 49(2), 89\u201394.","journal-title":"Rivista di Psichiatria"},{"issue":"2","key":"128_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.97.2.168","volume":"97","author":"WM Cox","year":"1988","unstructured":"Cox, W. M., & Klinger, E. (1988). A motivational model of alcohol use. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 97(2), 168\u2013180.","journal-title":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology"},{"key":"128_CR9","unstructured":"Eurobarometer. (2011). Youth attitudes on drugs. Analytical report. Flash EB Series #330. Available at: http:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/public_opinion\/archives\/flash_arch_en.htm."},{"key":"128_CR10","unstructured":"Eurobarometer. (2014). Flash Eurobarometer 401. Young people and drugs. Available at: \nhttp:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/public_opinion\/flash\/fl_401_en.pdf"},{"key":"128_CR11","volume-title":"European drug report 2014: trends and developments","author":"European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction","year":"2014","unstructured":"European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. (2014). European drug report 2014: trends and developments. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union."},{"key":"128_CR12","volume-title":"European drug report 2017: trends and developments","author":"European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction","year":"2017","unstructured":"European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. (2017a). European drug report 2017: trends and developments. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union."},{"key":"128_CR13","volume-title":"High-risk drug use and new psychoactive substances","author":"European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction","year":"2017","unstructured":"European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. (2017b). High-risk drug use and new psychoactive substances. Luxembourg: EMCDDA Rapid Communication, Publications Office of the European Union."},{"key":"128_CR14","volume-title":"European drug report 2018: trends and developments","author":"European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction","year":"2018","unstructured":"European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. (2018). European drug report 2018: trends and developments. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union."},{"key":"128_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Janicijevic, K. M., Kocic, S. S., Radevic, S. R., Jovanovic, M. R., & Radovanovic, S. M. (June 2017). Socioeconomic factors associated with psychoactive substance abuse by adolescents in Serbia. Frontiers in Phamacology, 8.","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2017.00366"},{"key":"128_CR16","unstructured":"Kal\u00f3, Z., Paksi, B., Felvinczi, K., Demetrovics, Z. (2017). New psychoactive substances in Hungary: user groups and characteristics, patterns, motives, and problems in Hungary. In: 20th conference of the European Association of Substance Abuse Research. Venue and date of the conference: Nunspeet, Hollandia, 2017.05.18 21.p. 40."},{"key":"128_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Korf, D., Benschop, A., Werse, B., Kamphausen, G., Felvinczi, K., Dabrowska, K., Hernriques, S., Nabben, T., Wieczorek, L., Bujalski, M., Zs, K., Hearne, E., & Van Hout, M. C. (2019). How and where to find NPS users: a comparison of sampling methods in a cross-national survey among current users of new psychoactive substances. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11469-019-0052\n\n.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11469-019-0052"},{"key":"128_CR18","unstructured":"MacLeod, K., Pickering, Gannon, M., Greenwood, S., Liddell, D., Smith, A., Johnstone, L., Burton, G.: (2016) Understanding the patterns of use, motives, and harms of new psychoactive substances in Scotland. Final Report to the Scottish Government, November 2016."},{"key":"128_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.5042\/daat.2010.0123","volume":"10","author":"F Measham","year":"2010","unstructured":"Measham, F., Moore, K., Newcombe, R., & Welch, Z. (2010). Tweaking, bombing, dabbing and stockpiling: the emergence of mephedrone and the perversity of prohibition. Drugs and Alcohol Today, 10, 14\u201321. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.5042\/daat.2010.0123\n\n.","journal-title":"Drugs and Alcohol Today"},{"issue":"5","key":"128_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1159\/000346678","volume":"19","author":"K Moore","year":"2013","unstructured":"Moore, K., Dargan, P. I., Wood, D. M., & Measham, F. (2013). Do novel psychoactive substances displace established club drugs, supplement them or act as drugs of initiation? The relationship between mephedrone, ecstasy and cocaine. European Addiction Research, 19(5), 276\u2013282.","journal-title":"European Addiction Research"},{"issue":"6","key":"128_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0218011","volume":"14","author":"J Neicun","year":"2019","unstructured":"Neicun, J., Steenhuizen, M., van Kessel, R., Yang, J. C., Negri, A., Czabanowska, K., Corazza, O., & Roman-Urrestarazu, A. (2019). Mapping novel psychoactive substances policy in the EU: the case of Portugal, the Netherlands, Czech Republic, Poland, the United Kingdom and Sweden. PLoS One, 14(6), e0218011. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0218011\n\n.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"128_CR22","unstructured":"Paksi, B., Demetrovics, Zs, Kal\u00f3, Zs, Felvinczi, K. (2017) Nagy kitetts\u00e9g\u0171, speci\u00e1lis UPSZ haszn\u00e1l\u00f3 csoportok szerhaszn\u00e1lati szok\u00e1sai In: [s.n.] (szerk.) Szem\u00e9lyes t\u00e9r - k\u00f6z\u00f6s vil\u00e1g: A Magyar Pszichol\u00f3giai T\u00e1rsas\u00e1g XXVI. Orsz\u00e1gos Tudom\u00e1nyos Nagygy\u0171l\u00e9se : Kivonatk\u00f6tet. 347 p. Konferencia helye, ideje: Szeged, Magyarorsz\u00e1g, 2017.06.01-2017.06.03. Budapest: Magyar Pszichol\u00f3giai T\u00e1rsas\u00e1g, 2017. p. 195. 1 p. (ISBN:978\u2013615\u201380241-4-3)."},{"key":"128_CR23","unstructured":"Paksi, B. (2017). \u00daPSZ-haszn\u00e1lattal kapcsolatos epidemiol\u00f3giai tapasztalatok az Orsz\u00e1gos Lakoss\u00e1gi Adatfelv\u00e9tel Addiktol\u00f3giai Probl\u00e9m\u00e1kr\u00f3l (OLAAP 2015) c\u00edm\u0171 kutat\u00e1s alapj\u00e1n. In: Felvinczi Katalin (szerk.) V\u00e1ltoz\u00f3 k\u00e9pletek.: \u00daJ (abb) szerek: kih\u00edv\u00e1sok, mint\u00e1zatak. 158 p. Budapest: L\u2019Harmattan Kiad\u00f3, 2017b. pp. 45\u201368. (ISBN:978-963-414-120-4)."},{"key":"128_CR24","unstructured":"Paksi, B., Magi, A., Felvinczi, K., Demetrovics, Zs. (2016). The prevalence of new psychoactive substances in Hungary \u2013 based on a general population survey dealing with addiction related problems (OLAAP 2015). IV. International Conference on Novel Psychoactive Substances (NPS). Budapest, 30\u201331 May 2016."},{"issue":"4","key":"128_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2018","DOI":"10.1080\/09687637.2017.1411885","volume":"25","author":"GR Potter","year":"2018","unstructured":"Potter, G. R., & Chattwin, C. (2018). Not particularly special: critiquing \u2018NPS\u2019 as a category of drugs. Drugs: Education, Prevention and Policy, 25(4), 2018\u20132336. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09687637.2017.1411885\n\n.","journal-title":"Drugs: Education, Prevention and Policy"},{"key":"128_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2019.00046","volume":"10","author":"F Schifano","year":"2019","unstructured":"Schifano, F., Chiappini, S., Corkery, J. M., & Guirguis, A. (2019). Assessing the 2004\u20132018 fentanyl misusing issues reported to an international range of adverse reporting systems. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 10, 46. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphar.2019.00046\n\n.","journal-title":"Frontiers in Pharmacology"},{"issue":"3","key":"128_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0167.45.3.265","volume":"45","author":"JS Simons","year":"1998","unstructured":"Simons, J. S., Correia, C. J., Carey, K. B., & Borsari, B. E. (1998). Validating a five-factor marijuana motives measure: relations with use, problems, and alcohol motives. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 45(3), 265\u2013273.","journal-title":"Journal of Counseling Psychology"},{"key":"128_CR28","volume-title":"Drug misuse declared: Findings from the 2010\/2011 British Crime Survey England and Wales","author":"K Smith","year":"2011","unstructured":"Smith, K., & Flatley, J. (2011). Drug misuse declared: Findings from the 2010\/2011 British Crime Survey England and Wales. London: Home Office."},{"key":"128_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Soussan, Ch, Andersson, M., Kjellgren, A. (2018). The diverse reasons for using novel psychoactive substances - a qualitative study of the users\u2019 own perspectives. International Journal of Drug Policy, Volume 52, February 2018, p. 71\u201378.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2017.11.003"},{"issue":"2016","key":"128_CR30","first-page":"77","volume":"32","author":"S Ch","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ch, S., & Kjellgren, A. (2016). The users of novel psychoactive substances: online survey about their characteristics, attitudes and motivations. International Journal of Drug Policy, 32(2016), 77\u201384.","journal-title":"International Journal of Drug Policy"},{"issue":"2016","key":"128_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2016.01.024","volume":"161","author":"R Sutherland","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sutherland, R., Peacock, A., Whittaker, E., Roxburgh, A., Lenton, S., Matthews, A., Butler, K., Nelson, M., Burns, L., & Bruno, R. (2016b). New psychoactive substance use among regular psychostimulant users in Australia, 2010\u20132015. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 161(2016), 110\u2013118.","journal-title":"Drug and Alcohol Dependence"},{"key":"128_CR32","volume-title":"PDU (problem drug use) revision summary. European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction","author":"D Thanki","year":"2013","unstructured":"Thanki, D., & Vicente, J. (2013). PDU (problem drug use) revision summary. European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union."},{"key":"128_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2016.01.024","volume":"161","author":"R Sutherland","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sutherland, R., Peacock, A., Whittaker, E., Roxburgh, A., Lenton, S., Matthews, A., & Bruno, R. (2016a). New psychoactive substance use among regular psychosti-mulant users in Australia, 2010\u20132015. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 161, 110\u2013118. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2016.01.024\n\n.","journal-title":"Drug and Alcohol Dependence"},{"key":"128_CR34","volume-title":"2015 ESPAD Report","author":"The ESPAD Group","year":"2016","unstructured":"The ESPAD Group. (2016). 2015 ESPAD Report. Lisbon: EMCDDA."},{"key":"128_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Thurn, D., Kuntsche, E., Weber, J. A., & Wolstein, J. (2017). Development and validation of the amphetamine-type stimulants motive questionnaire in a clinical population. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 8(183). \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2017.00183\n\n.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2017.00183"},{"issue":"2","key":"128_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1007\/s11469-017-9824-1","volume":"16","author":"MC Van Hout","year":"2018","unstructured":"Van Hout, M. C., Benschop, A., Bujalski, M., Zs, D., D\u0105browska, K., Felvinczi, K., Hearne, E., Henriques, S., Zs, K., Kamphausen, G., Korf, D., Nabbe, T., Silva, J., Wieczorek, L., & Werse, B. (2018). Health and social problems associated with recent novel psychoactive substance (NPS) use amongst marginalised, nightlife and online users in six European countries. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction., 16(2), 480\u2013495.","journal-title":"International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction."},{"key":"128_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1108\/17459261211286636","volume":"12","author":"B Werse","year":"2012","unstructured":"Werse, B., & Morgenstern, C. (2012). How to handle legal highs? Findings from a German online survey and considerations on drug policy issues. Drug and Alcohol Today, 12, 222\u2013231. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/17459261211286636\n\n.","journal-title":"Drug and Alcohol Today"},{"key":"128_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1111\/dar.12259","volume":"35","author":"AR Winstock","year":"2015","unstructured":"Winstock, A. R., Lawn, W., Deluca, P., & Borschmann, R. (2015). Methoxetamine: an early report on the motivations for use, effect profile and prevalence of use in a UK clubbing sample. Drug and Alcohol Review., 35, 212\u2013217. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/dar.12259\n\n.","journal-title":"Drug and Alcohol Review."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11469-019-00128-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11469-019-00128-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11469-019-00128-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,5]],"date-time":"2020-11-05T00:34:03Z","timestamp":1604536443000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11469-019-00128-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,6]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]}},"alternative-id":["128"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11469-019-00128-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1557-1874","1557-1882"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1557-1874","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-1882","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"6 November 2019","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with Ethical Standards"}},{"value":"The authors (Katalin Felvinczi<sup>,<\/sup> Annemieke Benschop, R\u00f3bert Urb\u00e1n, Marie Claire Van Hout, Katarzyna D\u0105browska, Evelyn Hearne, Susana Henriques, Zsuzsa Kal\u00f3, Gerrit Kamphausen, Joana Paula Silva, \u0141ukasz Wieczorek, Bernd Werse, Michal Bujalski, Zsolt Demetrovics, Dirk Korf) declare that they do not have any conflicts of interest that could constitute a real, potential or apparent issue with respect to their involvement in the publication. The authors also declare that they do not have any financial or other relations (e.g. directorship, consultancy or speaker fee) with companies, trade associations, unions or groups (including civic associations and public interest groups) that may affect the results or conclusions in the study. Sources of funding are acknowledged.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of Interest"}}]}}