{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T05:42:39Z","timestamp":1768282959761,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761609600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761609600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["https:\/\/doi.org\/10.54499\/2021.07072.BD"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["https:\/\/doi.org\/10.54499\/2021.07072.BD"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["https:\/\/doi.org\/10.54499\/2023.07625.CEECIND\/CP2848\/CT0010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["https:\/\/doi.org\/10.54499\/2023.07625.CEECIND\/CP2848\/CT0010"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007472","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Luso-Americana para o Desenvolvimento","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007472","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Evol Biol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11692-025-09657-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T02:38:09Z","timestamp":1761619089000},"page":"221-233","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Phylogenetic Relationships of the Moles and their Relatives (Talpidae): Insights from Mitogenomes"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Sara","family":"Sampaio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Gomes-dos-Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"L. Filipe C.","family":"Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jonathan J.","family":"Hughes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ivan N.","family":"Bolotov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Viatcheslav V.","family":"Rozhnov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Marina V.","family":"Rutovskaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ilia G.","family":"Meschersky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Joana","family":"Paup\u00e9rio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Paulo C.","family":"Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jeremy B.","family":"Searle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Lopes-Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"9657_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0248198","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0248198","volume":"16","author":"NI Abramson","year":"2021","unstructured":"Abramson, N. I., Bodrov, S. Y., Bondareva, O. V., Genelt-Yanovskiy, E. A., & Petrova, T. V. (2021). A mitochondrial genome phylogeny of voles and lemmings (Rodentia: Arvicolinae): Evolutionary and taxonomic implications. PLoS One, 16, e0248198. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0248198","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"9657_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2397","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-020-05296-8","volume":"47","author":"G Aleix-Mata","year":"2020","unstructured":"Aleix-Mata, G., Gutierrez, J., Ruiz-Ruano, F. J., Lorite, P., Marchal, J. A., & S\u00e1nchez, A. (2020). The complete mitochondrial genome of Talpa aquitania (Talpidae; Insectivora), a mole species endemic to Northern Spain and Southern France. Molecular Biology Reports, 47, 2397\u20132403. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11033-020-05296-8","journal-title":"Molecular Biology Reports"},{"key":"9657_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2831","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2008.0053","volume":"363","author":"PC Alves","year":"2008","unstructured":"Alves, P. C., Melo-Ferreira, J., Freitas, H., & Boursot, P. (2008). The ubiquitous mountain hare mitochondria: Multiple introgressive hybridization in hares, genus Lepus. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 363, 2831\u20132839. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/rstb.2008.0053","journal-title":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences"},{"key":"9657_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1111\/bij.12299","volume":"112","author":"AA Bannikova","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bannikova, A. A., Lebedev, V. S., Abramov, A. V., & Rozhnov, V. V. (2014). Contrasting evolutionary history of hedgehogs and gymnures (Mammalia: Erinaceomorpha) as inferred from a multigene study. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 112, 499\u2013519. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bij.12299","journal-title":"Biological Journal of the Linnean Society"},{"key":"9657_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2114","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btu170","volume":"30","author":"AM Bolger","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bolger, A. M., Lohse, M., & Usadel, B. (2014). Trimmomatic: A flexible trimmer for illumina sequence data. Bioinformatics, 30, 2114\u20132120. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btu170","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"9657_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2006.01.038","volume":"375","author":"MT Cabria","year":"2006","unstructured":"Cabria, M. T., Rubines, J., Gomez-Moliner, B., & Zardoya, R. (2006). On the phylogenetic position of a rare Iberian endemic mammal, the Pyrenean desman (Galemys pyrenaicus). Gene, 375, 1\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gene.2006.01.038","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"9657_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/aja.1000640102","volume":"64","author":"B Campbell","year":"1939","unstructured":"Campbell, B. (1939). The shoulder anatomy of the moles. A study in phylogeny and adaptation. The American Journal of Anatomy, 64, 1\u201339. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/aja.1000640102","journal-title":"The American Journal of Anatomy"},{"key":"9657_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1080\/23802359.2021.2008833","volume":"7","author":"L Chen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chen, L., Xu, D., & Sun, M. (2022). The complete mitochondrial genome of short-faced mole (Scaptochirus moschatus, Talpidae). Mitochondrial DNA Part B, 7, 79\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/23802359.2021.2008833","journal-title":"Mitochondrial DNA Part B"},{"key":"9657_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1093\/sysbio\/syw037","volume":"65","author":"O Chernomor","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chernomor, O., von Haeseler, A., & Minh, B. Q. (2016). Terrace aware data structure for phylogenomic inference from supermatrices. Systematic Biology, 65, 997\u20131008. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/sysbio\/syw037","journal-title":"Systematic Biology"},{"key":"9657_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1007\/s10914-012-9213-2","volume":"20","author":"N Crumpton","year":"2013","unstructured":"Crumpton, N., & Thompson, R. S. (2013). The holes of moles: Osteological correlates of the trigeminal nerve in talpidae. Journal of Mammalian Evolution, 20, 213\u2013225. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10914-012-9213-2","journal-title":"Journal Of Mammalian Evolution"},{"key":"9657_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-9-119","volume":"9","author":"RR da Fonseca","year":"2008","unstructured":"da Fonseca, R. R., Johnson, W. E., O\u2019Brien, S. J., Ramos, M. J., & Antunes, A. (2008). The adaptive evolution of the mammalian mitochondrial genome. BMC Genomics, 9, 119. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2164-9-119","journal-title":"Bmc Genomics"},{"key":"9657_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1007\/s10709-022-00162-w","volume":"150","author":"S Demirta\u015f","year":"2022","unstructured":"Demirta\u015f, S., Budak, M., Korkmaz, E. M., Searle, J. B., Bilton, D. T., & G\u00fcnd\u00fcz, I. (2022). The complete mitochondrial genome of Talpa martinorum (Mammalia: Talpidae), a mole species endemic to Thrace: Genome content and phylogenetic considerations. Genetica, 150, 317\u2013325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10709-022-00162-w","journal-title":"Genetica"},{"key":"9657_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2898","DOI":"10.1111\/mec.16443","volume":"31","author":"L Dere\u017eanin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Dere\u017eanin, L., Bla\u017eyt\u0117, A., Dobrynin, P., Duch\u00eane, D. A., Grau, J. H., Jeon, S., Kliver, S., Koepfli, K. P., Meneghini, D., Preick, M., Tomarovsky, A., Totikov, A., Fickel, J., & F\u00f6rster, D. W. (2022). Multiple types of genomic variation contribute to adaptive traits in the mustelid subfamily Guloninae. Molecular Ecology, 31, 2898\u20132919. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/mec.16443","journal-title":"Molecular Ecology"},{"key":"9657_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2016.10.003","volume":"595","author":"L Ding","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ding, L., Li, W., & Liao, J. (2016). Mitochondrial genome of Cricetulus migratorius (Rodentia: Cricetidae): Insights into the characteristics of the mitochondrial genome and the phylogenetic relationships of Cricetulus species. Gene, 595, 121\u2013129. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gene.2016.10.003","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"9657_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ympev.2014.05.016","volume":"78","author":"CA Emerling","year":"2014","unstructured":"Emerling, C. A., & Springer, M. S. (2014). Eyes underground: Regression of visual protein networks in subterranean mammals. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 78, 260\u2013270. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ympev.2014.05.016","journal-title":"Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution"},{"key":"9657_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e69504","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0069504","volume":"8","author":"K Finstermeier","year":"2013","unstructured":"Finstermeier, K., Zinner, D., Brameier, M., Meyer, M., Kreuz, E., Hofreiter, M., & Roos, C. (2013). A mitogenomic phylogeny of living primates. PLoS One, 8, e69504. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0069504","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"9657_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msi012","volume":"22","author":"A Gibson","year":"2005","unstructured":"Gibson, A., Gowri-Shankar, V., Higgs, P. G., & Rattray, M. (2005). A comprehensive analysis of mammalian mitochondrial genome base composition and improved phylogenetic methods. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 22, 251\u2013264. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/molbev\/msi012","journal-title":"Molecular Biology and Evolution"},{"key":"9657_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1017\/s0952836903003716","volume":"260","author":"R Grenyer","year":"2003","unstructured":"Grenyer, R., & Purvis, A. (2003). A composite species-level phylogeny of the Insectivora (Mammalia: order Lipotyphla Haeckel, 1866). Journal of Zoology, 260, 245\u2013257. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0952836903003716","journal-title":"Journal of Zoology"},{"key":"9657_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1007\/s10709-018-0033-z","volume":"146","author":"J Guti\u00e9rrez","year":"2018","unstructured":"Guti\u00e9rrez, J., Lamelas, L., Aleix-Mata, G., Arroyo, M., Marchal, J. A., Palomeque, T., Lorite, P., & S\u00e1nchez, A. (2018). Complete mitochondrial genome of the Iberian mole Talpa occidentalis (Talpidae, Insectivora) and comparison with Talpa europaea. Genetica, 146, 415\u2013423. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10709-018-0033-z","journal-title":"Genetica"},{"key":"9657_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.66797","volume":"10","author":"K He","year":"2021","unstructured":"He, K., Eastman, T. G., Czolacz, H., Li, S., Shinohara, A., Kawada, S. I., Springer, M. S., Berenbrink, M., & Campbell, K. L. (2021). Myoglobin primary structure reveals multiple convergent transitions to semi-aquatic life in the world\u2019s smallest mammalian divers. eLife, 10, e66797. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/eLife.66797","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"9657_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msw221","volume":"34","author":"K He","year":"2017","unstructured":"He, K., Shinohara, A., Helgen, K. M., Springer, M. S., Jiang, X. L., & Campbell, K. L. (2017). Talpid mole phylogeny unites shrew moles and illuminates overlooked cryptic species diversity. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 34, 78\u201387. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/molbev\/msw221","journal-title":"Molecular Biology and Evolution"},{"key":"9657_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ympev.2007.03.005","volume":"43","author":"KL Heckman","year":"2007","unstructured":"Heckman, K. L., Mariani, C. L., Rasoloarison, R., & Yoder, A. D. (2007). Multiple nuclear loci reveal patterns of incomplete lineage sorting and complex species history within western mouse lemurs (Microcebus). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 43, 353\u2013367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ympev.2007.03.005","journal-title":"Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution"},{"key":"9657_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ympev.2009.09.016","volume":"54","author":"MJ Hickerson","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hickerson, M. J., Carstens, B. C., Cavender-Bares, J., Crandall, K. A., Graham, C. H., Johnson, J. B., Rissler, L., Victoriano, P. F., & Yoder, A. D. (2010). Phylogeography\u2019s past, present, and future: 10 years after Avise, 2000. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 54, 291\u2013301. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ympev.2009.09.016","journal-title":"Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution"},{"key":"9657_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1515\/mamm.1984.48.4.505","volume":"48","author":"GC Hickman","year":"1984","unstructured":"Hickman, G. C. (1984). Swimming ability of talpid moles, with particular reference to the semi-aquatic Condylura cristata. Mammalia, 48, 505\u2013514. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/mamm.1984.48.4.505","journal-title":"Mammalia"},{"key":"9657_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msx281","volume":"35","author":"DT Hoang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hoang, D. T., Chernomor, O., von Haeseler, A., Minh, B. Q., & Vinh, L. S. (2018). UFBoot2: Improving the ultrafast bootstrap approximation. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 35, 518\u2013522. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/molbev\/msx281","journal-title":"Molecular Biology and Evolution"},{"key":"9657_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.5061\/dryad.fm71f","volume":"59","author":"JJ Hooker","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hooker, J. J. (2015). Skeletal adaptations and phylogeny of the oldest mole Eotalpa (Talpidae, Lipotyphla, Mammalia) from the UK Eocene: The beginning of fossoriality in moles. Palaeontology, 59, 195\u2013216. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5061\/dryad.fm71f","journal-title":"Palaeontology"},{"key":"9657_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1836","DOI":"10.3109\/19401736.2014.971248","volume":"27","author":"Q Hou","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hou, Q., Tu, F., Liu, Y., & Liu, S. (2016). Characterization of the mitogenome of Uropsilus gracilis and species delimitation. Mitochondrial DNA Part A DNA Mapping, Sequencing, and Analysis, 27, 1836\u20131837. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/19401736.2014.971248","journal-title":"Mitochondrial Dna Part A"},{"key":"9657_CR28","unstructured":"Hutchison, J. H. (1976). The Talpidae (Insectivora, Mammalia): Evolution, phylogeny, and classification. University of California Press."},{"key":"9657_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1007\/s12686-017-0793-2","volume":"10","author":"X Jia","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jia, X., Yang, L., & Shi, H. (2018). The complete mitochondrial genome of Anderson\u2019s shrew mole, Uropsilus andersoni (Talpidae). Conservation Genetics Resources, 10, 583\u2013585. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12686-017-0793-2","journal-title":"Conservation Genetics Resources"},{"key":"9657_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-020-02154-5","volume":"21","author":"JJ Jin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jin, J. J., Yu, W., Yang, B., Song, J. B., Depamphilis, Y., Yi, C. W., & Li, D. Z. (2020). GetOrganelle: A fast and versatile toolkit for accurate de novo assembly of organelle genomes. Genome Biology, 21, 241. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13059-020-02154-5","journal-title":"Genome Biology"},{"key":"9657_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.4285","volume":"14","author":"S Kalyaanamoorthy","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kalyaanamoorthy, S., Minh, B. Q., Wong, T. K. F., von Haeseler, A., & Jermiinm, L. S. (2017). ModelFinder: Fast model selection for accurate phylogenetic estimates. Nature Methods, 14, 587\u2013589. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nmeth.4285","journal-title":"Nature Methods"},{"key":"9657_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/mst010","volume":"30","author":"K Katoh","year":"2013","unstructured":"Katoh, K., & Standley, D. M. (2013). MAFFT multiple sequence alignment software version 7: Improvements in performance and usability. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 30, 772\u2013780. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/molbev\/mst010","journal-title":"Molecular Biology and Evolution"},{"key":"9657_CR33","unstructured":"Kry\u0161tufek, B., & Motokawa, M. (2018). Talpidae. In D. E. Wilson, & R. A. Mittermeier (Eds.), Handbook of the mammals of the world \u2013 Volume 8. Insectivores, sloths and colugos (pp. 552\u2013619). Lynx Edicions."},{"key":"9657_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msw260","volume":"34","author":"R Lanfear","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lanfear, R., Frandsen, P. B., Wright, A. M., Senfeld, T., & Calcott, B. (2017). Partitionfinder 2: New methods for selecting partitioned models of evolution for molecular and morphological phylogenetic analyses. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 34, 772\u2013773. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/molbev\/msw260","journal-title":"Molecular Biology and Evolution"},{"key":"9657_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1080\/106351501753462876","volume":"50","author":"PO Lewis","year":"2001","unstructured":"Lewis, P. O. (2001). A likelihood approach to estimating phylogeny from discrete morphological character data. Systematic Biology, 50, 913\u2013925.","journal-title":"Systematic Biology"},{"key":"9657_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1528","DOI":"10.1080\/23802359.2019.1601520","volume":"4","author":"Z Liu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Liu, Z., Wang, A., & Li, J. J. (2019). Sequencing and analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome of the large mole (Mogera robusta) from China. Mitochondrial DNA Part B Resources, 4, 1528\u20131530. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/23802359.2019.1601520","journal-title":"Mitochondrial DNA B Resour"},{"key":"9657_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.4202\/app.2008.0311","volume":"53","author":"KJ Lloyd","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lloyd, K. J., & Eberle, J. J. (2008). A new talpid from the late Eocene of North America. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 53, 539\u2013543. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4202\/app.2008.0311","journal-title":"Acta Palaeontologica Polonica"},{"key":"9657_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e63","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkz173","volume":"47","author":"G Meng","year":"2019","unstructured":"Meng, G., Yang, C., & Liu, S. (2019). MitoZ: A toolkit for animal mitochondrial genome assembly, annotation and visualization. Nucleic Acids Research, 47, e63. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/nar\/gkz173","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Research"},{"key":"9657_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Merritt, J. F. (2010). The biology of small mammals. Johns Hopkins University.","DOI":"10.56021\/9780801879500"},{"key":"9657_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1017\/s0952836904004972","volume":"263","author":"M Motokawa","year":"2004","unstructured":"Motokawa, M. (2004). Phylogenetic relationships within the family Talpidae (Mammalia: Insectivora). Journal of Zoology, 263, 147\u2013157. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0952836904004972","journal-title":"Journal of Zoology"},{"key":"9657_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.molbev.a026238","volume":"17","author":"SK Mouchaty","year":"2000","unstructured":"Mouchaty, S. K., Gullberg, A., Janke, A., & Arnason, U. (2000). The phylogenetic position of the Talpidae within Eutheria based on analysis of complete mitochondrial sequences. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 17, 60\u201367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/oxfordjournals.molbev.a026238","journal-title":"Molecular Biology and Evolution"},{"key":"9657_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/s1055-7903(03)00120-9","volume":"28","author":"M Nikaido","year":"2003","unstructured":"Nikaido, M., Cao, Y., Harada, M., Okada, N., & Hasegawa, M. (2003). Mitochondrial phylogeny of hedgehogs and monophyly of Eulipotyphla. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 28, 276\u2013284. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s1055-7903(03)00120-9","journal-title":"Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution"},{"key":"9657_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1007\/s002390010241","volume":"53","author":"M Nikaido","year":"2001","unstructured":"Nikaido, M., Kawai, K., Cao, Y., Harada, M., Tomita, S., & Okada, N. (2001). Maximum likelihood analysis of the complete mitochondrial genomes of eutherians and a reevaluation of the phylogeny of bats and insectivores. Journal of Molecular Evolution, 53, 508\u2013516. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s002390010241","journal-title":"Journal of Molecular Evolution"},{"key":"9657_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nowak, R. M. (1999). Walker\u2019s mammals of the world. Johns Hopkins University.","DOI":"10.56021\/9780801857898"},{"key":"9657_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"a33","DOI":"10.26879\/1150","volume":"25","author":"DE Oberg","year":"2022","unstructured":"Oberg, D. E., & Samuels, J. X. (2022). Fossil moles from the Gray fossil site (Tennessee): Implications for diversification and evolution of North American Talpidae. Palaeontologia Electronica, 25, a33. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.26879\/1150","journal-title":"Palaeontol Electron"},{"key":"9657_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2307\/3503939","volume":"207","author":"JM Palmeirim","year":"1983","unstructured":"Palmeirim, J. M., & Hoffmann, R. S. (1983). Galemys pyrenaicus. Mammalian Species, 207, 1\u20135.","journal-title":"Mammalian Species"},{"key":"9657_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1002\/jmor.20015","volume":"273","author":"P Piras","year":"2012","unstructured":"Piras, P., Sansalone, G., Colangelo, P., Teresi, L., Kotsakis, T., & Loy, A. (2012). Testing convergent and parallel adaptations in talpids humeral mechanical performance by means of geometric morphometrics and finite element analysis. Journal of Morphology, 273, 696\u2013711. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jmor.20015","journal-title":"Journal of Morphology"},{"key":"9657_CR48","unstructured":"Quaglietta, L., Gisbert, J., Garc\u00eda-Perea, R., & Fern\u00e1ndez-Gonz\u00e1lez, A. (2024). Galemys pyrenaicus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2024: e.T8826A227363991. Accessed on 18 November 2024."},{"key":"9657_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1093\/sysbio\/syy032","volume":"67","author":"A Rambaut","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rambaut, A., Drummond, A. J., Xie, D., Baele, G., & Suchard, M. A. (2018). Posterior summarisation in Bayesian phylogenetics using Tracer 1.7. Systematic Biology, 67, 901\u2013904. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/sysbio\/syy032","journal-title":"Systematic Biology"},{"key":"9657_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.16505","volume":"12","author":"L Revell","year":"2024","unstructured":"Revell, L. (2024). Phytools 2.0: An updated R ecosystem for phylogenetic comparative methods (and other things). PeerJ, 12, e16505. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7717\/peerj.16505","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"9657_CR51","unstructured":"Richard, P. B. (1986). Le desman des Pyr\u00e9n\u00e9es. Un mammif\u00e8re inconnu \u00e0 d\u00e9couvrir. Le Rocher, Collection Science et Decouvertes."},{"key":"9657_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1093\/sysbio\/sys058","volume":"61","author":"F Ronquist","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ronquist, F., Klopfstein, S., Vilhelmsen, L., Schulmeister, S., Murray, D. L., & Rasnitsyn, A. P. (2012a). A total-evidence approach to dating with fossils, applied to the early radiation of the Hymenoptera. Systematic Biology, 61, 973\u2013999.","journal-title":"Systematic Biology"},{"key":"9657_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1093\/sysbio\/sys029","volume":"61","author":"F Ronquist","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ronquist, F., Teslenko, M., van der Mark, P., Ayres, D. L., Darling, A., H\u00f6hna, S., Larget, B., Liu, L., Suchard, M. A., & Huelsenbeck, J. P. (2012b). MrBayes 3.2: Efficient Bayesian phylogenetic inference and model choice across a large model space. Systematic Biology, 61, 539\u2013542. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/sysbio\/sys029","journal-title":"Systematic Biology"},{"key":"9657_CR54","unstructured":"Rutovskaya, M., Gazzard, A., & Turvey, S. T. (2023). Desmana moschata. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2023: e.T6506A231334630. Accessed on 18 November 2024."},{"key":"9657_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1096-0031.2006.00087.x","volume":"22","author":"MR S\u00e1nchez-Villagra","year":"2006","unstructured":"S\u00e1nchez-Villagra, M. R., Horovitz, I., & Motokawa, M. (2006). A comprehensive morphological analysis of talpid moles (Mammalia) phylogenetic relationships. Cladistics, 22, 59\u201388. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1096-0031.2006.00087.x","journal-title":"Cladistics"},{"key":"9657_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.3106\/mammalstudy.29.163","volume":"29","author":"MR S\u00e1nchez-Villagra","year":"2004","unstructured":"S\u00e1nchez-Villagra, M. R., Menke, P. R., & Geisler, J. H. (2004). Patterns of evolutionary transformation in the humerus of moles (Talpidae, Mammalia): A character analysis. Mammal Study, 29, 163\u2013170. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3106\/mammalstudy.29.163","journal-title":"Mamm Study"},{"key":"9657_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1186\/s12862-019-1506-0","volume":"19","author":"G Sansalone","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sansalone, G., Colangelo, P., Loy, A., Raia, P., Wroe, S., & Piras, P. (2019). Impact of transition to a subterranean lifestyle on morphological disparity and integration in talpid moles (Mammalia, Talpidae). BMC Evolutionary Biology, 19, 179. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12862-019-1506-0","journal-title":"BMC Evolutionary Biology"},{"key":"9657_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.26879\/647","volume":"19.3.54A","author":"G Sansalone","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sansalone, G., Kotsakis, T., & Piras, P. (2016). Condylura (Mammalia, Talpidae) reloaded: New insights about the fossil representatives of the genus. Palaeontologia Electronica, 19.3.54A, 1\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.26879\/647","journal-title":"Palaeontol Electron"},{"key":"9657_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e934828","DOI":"10.1080\/02724634.2014.934828","volume":"35","author":"AH Schwermann","year":"2015","unstructured":"Schwermann, A. H., & Thompson, R. S. (2015). Extraordinarily preserved talpids (Mammalia, Lipotyphla) and the evolution of fossoriality. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 35, e934828. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02724634.2014.934828","journal-title":"Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology"},{"key":"9657_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-018-1471-8","volume":"19","author":"FA Seixas","year":"2018","unstructured":"Seixas, F. A., Boursot, P., & Melo-Ferreira, J. (2018). The genomic impact of historical hybridization with massive mitochondrial DNA introgression. Genome Biology, 19, 91. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13059-018-1471-8","journal-title":"Genome Biology"},{"key":"9657_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"W7","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkv318","volume":"43","author":"I Sela","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sela, I., Ashkenazy, H., Katoh, K., & Pupko, T. (2015). Guidance2: Accurate detection of unreliable alignment regions accounting for the uncertainty of multiple parameters. Nucleic Acids Research, 43, W7\u2013W14. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/nar\/gkv318","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Research"},{"key":"9657_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/S1055-7903(02)00416-5","volume":"27","author":"A Shinohara","year":"2003","unstructured":"Shinohara, A., Campbell, K. L., & Suzuki, H. (2003). Molecular phylogenetic relationships of moles, shrew moles, and desmans from the New and Old Worlds. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 27, 247\u2013258. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1055-7903(02)00416-5","journal-title":"Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution"},{"key":"9657_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3907","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-294X.2012.05664.x","volume":"21","author":"DPL Toews","year":"2012","unstructured":"Toews, D. P. L., & Brelsford, A. (2012). The biogeography of mitochondrial and nuclear discordance in animals. Molecular Ecology, 21, 3907\u20133930. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-294X.2012.05664.x","journal-title":"Molecular Ecology"},{"key":"9657_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"W232","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkw256","volume":"44","author":"J Trifinopoulos","year":"2016","unstructured":"Trifinopoulos, J., Nguyen, L. T., von Haeseler, A., & Minh, B. Q. (2016). W-IQ-TREE: A fast online phylogenetic tool for maximum likelihood analysis. Nucleic Acids Research, 44, W232\u2013W235. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/nar\/gkw256","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Research"},{"key":"9657_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.3109\/19401736.2012.696634","volume":"23","author":"F Tu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Tu, F., Fan, Z., Chen, S., Yin, Y., Li, P., Zhang, X., Liu, S., & Yue, B. (2012). The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of the gracile shrew mole, Uropsilus gracilis (Soricomorpha: Talpidae). Mitochondrial DNA, 23, 382\u2013384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/19401736.2012.696634","journal-title":"Mitochondrial DNA"},{"key":"9657_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1111\/jzs.12081","volume":"53","author":"F Tu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tu, F., Fan, Z., Murphy, R. W., Chen, S., Zhang, X., Yan, C., Liu, Y., Sun, Z., Fu, J., Liu, S., & Yue, B. (2014). Molecular phylogenetic relationships among Asiatic shrewlike moles inferred from the complete mitogenomes. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research, 53, 155\u2013160. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jzs.12081","journal-title":"Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research"},{"key":"9657_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2148-11-65","volume":"11","author":"JT Vilstrup","year":"2011","unstructured":"Vilstrup, J. T., Ho, S. Y. W., Foote, A. D., Morin, P. A., Kreb, D., Kr\u00fctzen, M., Parra, G. J., Robertson, K. M., de Stephanis, R., Verborgh, P., Willerslev, E., Orlando, L., & Gilbert, M. T. P. (2011). Mitogenomic phylogenetic analyses of the Delphinidae with an emphasis on the Globicephalinae. BMC Evolutionary Biology, 11, 65. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2148-11-65","journal-title":"Bmc Evolutionary Biology"},{"key":"9657_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1080\/23802359.2022.2032438","volume":"8","author":"X Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang, X., Liu, Y., Liao, R., & Liu, S. (2023). The complete mitochondrial genome of the long-tailed mole: Scaptonyx fusicaudus (Eulipotyphla, Talpidae). Mitochondrial DNA Part B Resources, 8, 264\u2013265. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/23802359.2022.2032438","journal-title":"Mitochondrial DNA Part B"},{"key":"9657_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1206\/0003-0082(2000)3294<0001:CMOMAT>2.0.CO;2","volume":"3294","author":"HP Whidden","year":"2000","unstructured":"Whidden, H. P. (2000). Comparative myology of moles and the phylogeny of the Talpidae (Mammalia, Lipotyphla). American Museum Novitiates, 3294, 1\u201353.","journal-title":"American Museum Novitiates"},{"key":"9657_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.12933\/therya-23-2218","volume":"14","author":"N Woodman","year":"2023","unstructured":"Woodman, N. (2023). Skeletal indicators of locomotor adaptations in shrews. Therya, 14, 15\u201337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12933\/therya-23-2218","journal-title":"Therya"},{"key":"9657_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1112","DOI":"10.1080\/23802359.2021.1899871","volume":"6","author":"F Xie","year":"2021","unstructured":"Xie, F., Chen, D., Qin, B., Fu, C., & Chen, S. (2021). The complete mitochondrial genome of white-tailed mole (Parascaptor leucura). Mitochondrial DNA Part B Resources, 6, 1112\u20131113. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/23802359.2021.1899871","journal-title":"Mitochondrial DNA B Resources"},{"key":"9657_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.3390\/ani13020186","volume":"13","author":"D Xu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xu, D., Sun, M., Gao, Z., Zhou, Y., Wang, Q., & Chen, L. (2023). Comparison and phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial genomes of Talpidae animals. Animals, 13, 186. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ani13020186","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"9657_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.3109\/19401736.2015.1060440","volume":"2","author":"Y Xu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Xu, Y., Hu, Y., & Tu, F. (2017). Mitogenome of a cryptic species within Uropsilus and divergence time estimation. Mitochondrial DNA Part B Resources, 2, 685\u2013686. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/19401736.2015.1060440","journal-title":"Mitochondrial DNA Part B"},{"key":"9657_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2083","DOI":"10.3109\/19401736.2014.982567","volume":"27","author":"Y Xu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Xu, Y., Huang, X., Hu, Y., & Tu, F. (2016). Description of the mitogenome of Gansu mole (Scapanulus oweni). Mitochondrial DNA Part A DNA Mapping, Sequencing, and Analysis, 27, 2083\u20132084. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/19401736.2014.982567","journal-title":"Mitochondrial DNA A DNA Mapp Seq Anal"},{"key":"9657_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.3106\/ms2023-0048","volume":"49","author":"S Yajima","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yajima, S., Nakashima, Y., Kawahara, A., & Ohdachi, S. D. (2024). Utilization of above-ground space in captivity by four sympatric shrew species from Hokkaido, Japan. Mammal Study, 49, 137\u2013143. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3106\/ms2023-0048","journal-title":"Mammal Study"},{"key":"9657_CR76","unstructured":"Yates, T. L., & Moore, D. W. (1990). Speciation and evolution in the family Talpidae (Mammalia, Insectivora). In E. Nevo, & O. A. Reig (Eds.), Evolution of subterranean mammals at the organismal and molecular levels (pp. 1\u201322). Alan R. Liss."},{"key":"9657_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mito.2014.05.004","volume":"17","author":"F Ye","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ye, F., Samuels, D. C., Clark, T., & Guo, Y. (2014). High-throughput sequencing in mitochondrial DNA research. Mitochondrion, 17, 157\u2013163. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mito.2014.05.004","journal-title":"Mitochondrion"},{"key":"9657_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2148-7-198","volume":"7","author":"L Yu","year":"2007","unstructured":"Yu, L., Li, Y. W., Ryder, O. A., & Zhang, Y. P. (2007). Analysis of complete mitochondrial genome sequences increases phylogenetic resolution of bears (Ursidae), a mammalian family that experienced rapid speciation. BMC Evolutionary Biology, 7, 198. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2148-7-198","journal-title":"BMC Evolutionary Biology"},{"issue":"F1000 Faculty R","key":"9657_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.21490.1","volume":"9","author":"R Zardoya","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zardoya, R. (2020). Recent advances in understanding mitochondrial genome diversity. F1000Research, 9(F1000 Faculty Rev), 270. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12688\/f1000research.21490.1","journal-title":"F1000Research"},{"key":"9657_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1134\/S0012496613040200","volume":"451","author":"ED Zemlemerova","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zemlemerova, E. D., Bannikova, A. A., Abramov, A. V., Lebedev, V. S., & Rozhnov, V. V. (2013). New data on molecular phylogeny of the East Asian moles. Doklady Biological Sciences, 451, 257\u2013260. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1134\/S0012496613040200","journal-title":"Doklady Biological Sciences"},{"key":"9657_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.13140\/RG.2.1.2578.3921","volume":"320","author":"ED Zemlemerova","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zemlemerova, E. D., Bannikova, A. A., Lebedev, V. S., Rozhnov, V. V., & Abramov, A. V. (2016). Secrets of the underground Vietnam: An underestimated species diversity of Asian moles (Lipotyphla: Talpidae: Euroscaptor). Proceedings of the Zoological Institute RAS, 320, 193\u2013220. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.13140\/RG.2.1.2578.3921","journal-title":"Tr Zool Inst"},{"key":"9657_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2521","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msr072","volume":"28","author":"Y Zheng","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zheng, Y., Peng, R., Kuro-o, M., & Zeng, X. (2011). Exploring patterns and extent of bias in estimating divergence time from mitochondrial DNA sequence data in a particular lineage: A case study of salamanders (order Caudata). Molecular Biology and Evolution, 28, 2521\u20132535. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/molbev\/msr072","journal-title":"Molecular Biology and Evolution"},{"key":"9657_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1528","DOI":"10.1080\/23802359.2019.1601520","volume":"4","author":"L Zhu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhu, L., Ao-nan, W., & Jiao-Jiao, L. (2019). Sequencing and analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome of the large mole (Mogera robusta) from China. Mitochondrial DNA Part B Resources, 4, 1528\u20131530. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/23802359.2019.1601520","journal-title":"Mitochondrial DNA B Resources"}],"container-title":["Evolutionary Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11692-025-09657-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11692-025-09657-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11692-025-09657-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T04:35:30Z","timestamp":1763008530000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11692-025-09657-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]]},"references-count":83,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["9657"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11692-025-09657-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["0071-3260","1934-2845"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0071-3260","type":"print"},{"value":"1934-2845","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 January 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 September 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 October 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing Interests"}},{"value":"A male Russian desman was captured in the Spassky district of the Ryazan region, Russia, 2008 with a collection permit No. 29 issued by Rosprirodnadzor of the Russian Federation on May 12, 2008. The animal lived in captivity at the experimental base \u2018Chernogolovska\u2019 of the Institute of Ecology and Evolution A. N. Severtsov of the Russian Academy of Sciences until 2015 and died of old age. The carcass was frozen and the tissue sample for the present study was taken in 2021. The animal was captured and maintained in captivity for purposes completely separate from those of the present study. We have carried out no animal experimentation in our study. Our study has solely been based on a sample taken from an archived dead specimen.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical Approval"}}]}}