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Univers."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This paper takes as its starting point an ordinary encounter with a conversational artificial intelligence system in order to interrogate, from a philosophical standpoint, what is actually meant by the expression \u201cArtificial Intelligence\u201d. Bringing together the etymological roots of \u201cintelligence\u201d \u2014 understood, following Robert Brandom, as the capacity to respond to reasons \u2014 and the classical discussions of Turing, Searle, Descartes and Wittgenstein on machine cognition, the paper argues that contemporary AI, however linguistically fluent, occupies only the domain of formal-syntactic calculation, without ever entering what John McDowell calls the \u201cspace of reasons\u201d. Two philosophical diagrams \u2014 a Venn diagram and a square of oppositions \u2014 are used to map the ontological position of AI relative to biological life and consciousness. The paper concludes that Artificial Intelligence is best understood not as a rival mind but as a normative mirror: a device that reflects the structure of human reasoning back to us without ever inhabiting it, exposing, in this reflection, what is most mechanical and least human in ourselves.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11787-026-00429-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T09:41:01Z","timestamp":1788169261000},"page":"391-399","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["What Is Artificial Intelligence?"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Ana Fl\u00e1via Silva Alves","family":"Pereira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"429_CR1","volume-title":"Dicion\u00e1rio Houaiss da L\u00edngua Portuguesa","author":"A Houaiss","year":"2001","unstructured":"Houaiss, A., Villar, M.S.: Dicion\u00e1rio Houaiss da L\u00edngua Portuguesa. 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