{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T07:24:59Z","timestamp":1761895499616},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,7]],"date-time":"2012-06-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1339027200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,7]],"date-time":"2012-06-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1339027200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinic Rev Allerg Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-012-8327-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,6]],"date-time":"2012-06-06T15:54:58Z","timestamp":1338998098000},"page":"302-307","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy, and T-CD4+ Lymphopenia"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Mariana","family":"Brand\u00e3o","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Joana","family":"Dam\u00e1sio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ant\u00f3nio","family":"Marinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ana Martins","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"J\u00falia","family":"Vasconcelos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Esmeralda","family":"Neves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"F\u00e1tima","family":"Farinha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Vasconcelos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"8327_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.med.080708.082655","volume":"61","author":"EO Major","year":"2010","unstructured":"Major EO (2010) Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in patients on immunomodulatory therapies. Annu Rev Med 61:35\u201347","journal-title":"Annu Rev Med"},{"key":"8327_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Palazzo E, Yahia SA (2012) Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in autoimmune diseases. Joint Bone Spine. doi:10.1016\/j.jbspin.2011.11.002","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2011.11.002"},{"key":"8327_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3761","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24966","volume":"60","author":"ES Molloy","year":"2009","unstructured":"Molloy ES, Calabrese LH (2009) Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: a national estimate of frequency in systemic lupus erythematosus and other rheumatic diseases. Arthritis Rheum 60:3761\u20133765","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"8327_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1326","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181f73600","volume":"75","author":"KL Amend","year":"2010","unstructured":"Amend KL, Turnbull B, Foskett N, Napalkov P, Kurth T, Seeger J (2010) Incidence of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in patients without HIV. Neurology 75:1326\u20131332","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"8327_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2116","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22657","volume":"56","author":"LH Calabrese","year":"2007","unstructured":"Calabrese LH, Molloy ES, Huang DR, Ransohoff RM (2007) Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in rheumatic diseases. Arthritis Rheum 56:2116\u20132128","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"8327_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2008.07.006","volume":"8","author":"ES Molloy","year":"2008","unstructured":"Molloy ES, Calabrese LH (2008) Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in patients with rheumatic diseases: are patients with systemic lupus erythematosus at particular risk? Autoimmun Rev 8:144\u2013146","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"8327_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S28","DOI":"10.3949\/ccjm.78.s2.07","volume":"78","author":"ES Molloy","year":"2011","unstructured":"Molloy ES (2011) PML and rheumatology: the contribution of disease and drugs. Cleve Clin J Med 78(Suppl 2):S28\u2013S32","journal-title":"Cleve Clin J Med"},{"key":"8327_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1097\/NRL.0b013e318247b868","volume":"18","author":"J Graff-Radford","year":"2012","unstructured":"Graff-Radford J, Robinson MT, Warsame RM, Matteson EL, Eggers SD, Keegan BM (2012) Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in a patient treated with etanercept. Neurologist 18:85\u201387","journal-title":"Neurologist"},{"key":"8327_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1016\/S1413-8670(11)70261-6","volume":"15","author":"FG Gon\u00e7alves","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gon\u00e7alves FG, Lamb L, Del Carpio-O'Donovan R (2011) Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy restricted to the posterior fossa in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. Braz J Infect Dis 15:609\u2013612","journal-title":"Braz J Infect Dis"},{"key":"8327_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203311416693","volume":"21","author":"AM Pavlovic","year":"2012","unstructured":"Pavlovic AM, Bonaci-Nikolic B, Kozic D et al (2012) Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy associated with mycophenolate mofetil treatment in a woman with lupus and CD4+ T-lymphocyte deficiency. Lupus 21:100\u2013102","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"8327_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Molloy ES, Calabrese LH (2012) Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy associated with immunosuppressive therapy in rheumatic diseases: evolving role of biologic therapies. Arthritis Rheum. doi:10.1002\/art.34468","DOI":"10.1002\/art.34468"},{"key":"8327_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2007.11.013","volume":"30","author":"EJ Boren","year":"2008","unstructured":"Boren EJ, Cheema GS, Naguwa SM, Ansari AA, Gershwin ME (2008) The emergence of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) in rheumatic diseases. J Autoimmun 30:90\u201398","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"8327_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiq097","volume":"203","author":"MK White","year":"2011","unstructured":"White MK, Khalili K (2011) Pathogenesis of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy\u2014revisited. J Infect Dis 203:578\u2013586","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"8327_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7004","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.70.10.7004-7012.1996","volume":"70","author":"MC Monaco","year":"1996","unstructured":"Monaco MC, Atwood WJ, Gravell M, Tornatore CS, Major EO (1996) JC virus infection of hematopoietic progenitor cells, primary B lymphocytes, and tonsillar stromal cells: implications for viral latency. J Virol 70:7004\u20137012","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"8327_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20933","volume":"60","author":"IJ Koralnik","year":"2006","unstructured":"Koralnik IJ (2006) Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy revisited: has the disease outgrown its name? Ann Neurol 60:162\u2013173","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"8327_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198802043180507","volume":"318","author":"SA Houff","year":"1988","unstructured":"Houff SA, Major EO, Katz DA et al (1988) Involvement of JC virus-infected mononuclear cells from the bone marrow and spleen in the pathogenesis of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. N Engl J Med 318:301\u2013305","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"8327_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1086\/597117","volume":"199","author":"CS Tan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Tan CS, Dezube BJ, Bhargava P et al (2009) Detection of JC virus DNA and proteins in the bone marrow of HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients: implications for viral latency and neurotropic transformation. J Infect Dis 199:881\u2013888","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"8327_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2069","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aids.0000194804.97164.86","volume":"19","author":"RA Du Pasquier","year":"2005","unstructured":"Du Pasquier RA, Autissier P, Zheng Y, Jean-Jacques J, Koralnik IJ (2005) Presence of JC virus-specific CTL in the cerebrospinal fluid of PML patients: rationale for immune-based therapeutic strategies. AIDS 19:2069\u20132076","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"8327_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.168.1.499","volume":"168","author":"IJ Koralnik","year":"2002","unstructured":"Koralnik IJ, Du Pasquier RA, Kuroda MJ et al (2002) Association of prolonged survival in HLA-A2+ progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy patients with a CTL response specific for a commonly recognized JC virus epitope. J Immunol 168:499\u2013504","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"8327_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2010.03.001","volume":"65","author":"R Shah","year":"2010","unstructured":"Shah R, Bag AK, Chapman PR, Cur\u00e9 JK (2010) Imaging manifestations of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Clin Radiol 65:431\u2013439","journal-title":"Clin Radiol"},{"key":"8327_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-007-0411-6","volume":"87","author":"M Pelosini","year":"2008","unstructured":"Pelosini M, Focosi D, Rita F et al (2008) Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: report of three cases in HIV-negative hematological patients and review of literature. Ann Hematol 87:405\u2013412","journal-title":"Ann Hematol"},{"key":"8327_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4834","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-10-186999","volume":"113","author":"KR Carson","year":"2009","unstructured":"Carson KR, Evens AAM, Richey EA et al (2009) Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy after rituximab therapy in HIV-negative patients: a report of 57 cases from the research on adverse drug events and reports project. Blood 113:4834\u20134840","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"8327_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2008.07.032","volume":"20","author":"JL Epker","year":"2009","unstructured":"Epker JL, van Biezen P, van Daele PL, van Gelder T, Vossen A, van Saase JL (2009) Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, a review and an extended report of five patients with different immune compromised states. Eur J Intern Med 20:261\u2013267","journal-title":"Eur J Intern Med"},{"key":"8327_CR24","first-page":"200","volume":"34","author":"S Ferreira","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ferreira S, Vasconcelos J, Marinho A et al (2009) Linfopenia T CD4 no lupus eritematoso sist\u00e9mico. Acta Reumatol Port 34:200\u2013206","journal-title":"Acta Reumatol Port"},{"key":"8327_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hci155","volume":"99","author":"WL Ng","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ng WL, Chu CM, Wu AK, Cheng VC, Yuen KY (2006) Lymphopenia at presentation is associated with increased risk of infections in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. QJM 99:37\u201347","journal-title":"QJM"},{"key":"8327_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1016\/S1081-1206(10)60764-8","volume":"98","author":"S Narula","year":"2007","unstructured":"Narula S, LaRosa DF, Kamoun M, Dalmau J, Levinson AI (2007) Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in a patient with common variable immunodeficiency and abnormal CD8+ T-cell subset distribution. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 98:483\u2013489","journal-title":"Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol"},{"key":"8327_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2001-19119","volume":"32","author":"L Angelini","year":"2001","unstructured":"Angelini L, Pietrogrande MC, Delle Piane MR et al (2001) Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in a child with hyperimmunoglobulin E recurrent infection syndrome and review of literature. Neuropediatrics 32:250\u2013255","journal-title":"Neuropediatrics"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"8327_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S4","DOI":"10.1007\/s10875-007-9167-y","volume":"28","author":"A Coutinho","year":"2008","unstructured":"Coutinho A, Carneiro-Sampaio M (2008) Primary immunodeficiencies unravel critical aspects of the pathophysiology of autoimmunity and of the genetics of autoimmune disease. J Clin Immunol 28(Suppl 1):S4\u2013S10","journal-title":"J Clin Immunol"},{"key":"8327_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20","DOI":"10.1086\/318120","volume":"31","author":"S Haider","year":"2000","unstructured":"Haider S, Nafziger D, Gutirriez JA, Brar I, Mateo N, Fogle J (2000) Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and idiopathic CD4+ lymphocytopenia: a case report and review of reported cases. Clin Infect Dis 31:e20\u2013e22","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"8327_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199302113280601","volume":"328","author":"DK Smith","year":"1993","unstructured":"Smith DK, Neal JJ, Holmberg DS (1993) Unexplained opportunistic infections and CD4+ T-lymphocytopenia without HIV infection. N Engl J Med 328:373\u2013379","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"8327_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2489","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkq389","volume":"65","author":"A Patel","year":"2010","unstructured":"Patel A, Patel J, Ikwuagwu J (2010) Treatment of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and idiopathic CD4+ lymphocytopenia. J Antimicrob Chemother 65:2489\u20132492","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"8327_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1012","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.123.7.1012-a","volume":"123","author":"EJ Wladis","year":"2005","unstructured":"Wladis EJ, Kapila R, Chu DS (2005) Idiophatic CD4+ lymphocytopenia and Sjogren syndrome. Arch Ophtalmol 123:1012","journal-title":"Arch Ophtalmol"},{"key":"8327_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.2165\/11537510-000000000-00000","volume":"33","author":"JR Berger","year":"2010","unstructured":"Berger JR (2010) Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and newer biological agents. Drug Saf 33:969\u2013983","journal-title":"Drug Saf"},{"key":"8327_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1156","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2011.103","volume":"68","author":"DB Clifford","year":"2011","unstructured":"Clifford DB, Ances B, Costello C et al (2011) Rituximab-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in rheumatoid arthritis. Arch Neurol 68:1156\u20131164","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"8327_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1016\/j.revmed.2007.05.013","volume":"28","author":"B Terrier","year":"2007","unstructured":"Terrier B, Hummel A, Fakhouri F et al (2007) Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in a non-AIDS patient: high efficiency of combined cytarabine and cidofovir. Rev Med Interne 28:488\u2013491","journal-title":"Rev Med Interne"},{"key":"8327_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1080\/13550280152537238","volume":"7","author":"MD Geschwind","year":"2001","unstructured":"Geschwind MD, Skolasky RI, Royal WS, McArthur JC (2001) The relative contributions of HAART and alpha-interferon for therapy of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in AIDS. J Neurovirol 7:353\u2013357","journal-title":"J Neurovirol"},{"key":"8327_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1080\/713831540","volume":"9","author":"W Royal","year":"2003","unstructured":"Royal W 3, Dupont B, McGuire D (2003) Topotecan in the treatment of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. J Neurovirol 9:411\u2013419","journal-title":"J Neurovirol"},{"key":"8327_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)62256-8","volume":"350","author":"S O\u2019Reilly","year":"1997","unstructured":"O\u2019Reilly S (1997) Efficacy of camptothecin in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Lancet 350:291","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"8327_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1551","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181c0d4a1","volume":"73","author":"A Marzocchetti","year":"2009","unstructured":"Marzocchetti A, Tompkins T, Clifford DB et al (2009) Determinants of survival in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Neurology 73:1551\u20131558","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"8327_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1380","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1103492","volume":"306","author":"GF Elphick","year":"2004","unstructured":"Elphick GF, Querbes W, Jordan JA et al (2004) The human polyomavirus, JCV, uses serotonin receptors to infect cells. Science 306:1380\u20131383","journal-title":"Science"}],"container-title":["Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12016-012-8327-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12016-012-8327-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12016-012-8327-x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12016-012-8327-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,29]],"date-time":"2022-07-29T11:10:13Z","timestamp":1659093013000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12016-012-8327-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,7]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]}},"alternative-id":["8327"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12016-012-8327-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1080-0549","1559-0267"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1080-0549","type":"print"},{"value":"1559-0267","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"7 June 2012","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}