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Due to their developing physiological systems and greater vulnerability, children are particularly susceptible to the adverse health effects of mycotoxins. This study investigated the presence of a wide range of mycotoxins (20 in total, encompassing various chemical classes, such as aflatoxins, ochratoxins, trichothecenes, zearalenones, fumonisins, citrinin and sterigmatocystin) in readily available processed cereal-based foods targeted towards infants and children in Portugal. Among the 148 analysed samples, 43% contained at least one of the targeted mycotoxins. Aflatoxin B1 (8.1%) and fumonisin B1 (10.8%) were the most commonly detected regulated mycotoxins, while emerging mycotoxins like enniatin B (14.9%) and beauvericin (10.1%) were also prevalent. The most commonly co-occurring mycotoxins were <jats:bold>ENNB\u2009+\u2009BEA<\/jats:bold> and <jats:bold>FB1\u2009+\u2009FB2<\/jats:bold>. Although the Estimated Daily Intake of non-carcinogenic mycotoxins in most products was below their respective Tolerable Daily Intake (DONs and FBs (1\u00a0\u03bcg\/kg bw\/day), HT-2 and T-2 (0.02\u00a0\u03bcg\/kg bw\/day), ZEN (0.25\u00a0\u03bcg\/kg bw\/day), and CIT (0.2\u00a0\u03bcg\/kg bw\/day)), Hazard Quotient and Hazard Index values exceeded safe thresholds, indicating potential health risks.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s12403-024-00668-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,5]],"date-time":"2024-10-05T08:01:47Z","timestamp":1728115307000},"page":"425-444","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Assessment of Mycotoxins in Infants and Children Cereal-Based Foods: Dietary Exposure and Potential Health Risks"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Soraia V. 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