{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T19:23:14Z","timestamp":1776367394817,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":94,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771891200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771891200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100024161","name":"Universidade do Algarve","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100024161","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Archaeol Anthropol Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The archaeological site of Perdig\u00f5es (Reguengos de Monsaraz, Portugal) was a centre of social and ceremonial importance with diverse funeral traditions from the middle 4th to the 3rd millennium BC. Previous strontium isotope analysis of human remains indicates that these funerary contexts contained individuals from a wide catchment area. Together with artefactual evidence, it suggests Perdig\u00f5es was a part of a large interaction network of settlements that may have spanned Iberia, Northern Africa, and the Central Mediterranean. The stable isotopic analysis of domesticated animals\u2019 bones and teeth can provide insights into human behaviour via the choices connected to animal pasture and foddering regimes. Sheep and goats were pivotal species for Neolithic and Bronze Age communities in Iberia, and the herding strategies of individual flocks would have been dependent on local vegetation and geography as well as production strategies. Here we present a detailed and comprehensive picture of husbandry practices of sheep\/goat remains found at Perdig\u00f5es, using stable isotopic values from suids and deer as a baseline for the local environment. The incremental stable \u03b4\n                    <jats:sup>13<\/jats:sup>\n                    C and \u03b4\n                    <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n                    O isotopic results from sheep\/goat molars provide insight into seasonal variations in pasture and foddering practices, thereby shedding light on human management strategies. Differences between individuals may suggest that sampled sheep\/goats individuals did not come from a single flock. The results reinforce the argument that Perdig\u00f5es was a central place of significance, attracting communities and their herds both within the vicinity of the site and also further afield.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s12520-026-02408-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T06:13:29Z","timestamp":1771913609000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Sheep and goat management practices at Perdig\u00f5es (Southern Portugal, 4th millennium BC) via sequential carbon and oxygen isotopic analyses of tooth enamel"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6721-743X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adriana","family":"Leite","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2370-7311","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosalind E.","family":"Gillis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3653-0850","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nelson J.","family":"Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2645-7300","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cl\u00e1udia","family":"Relvado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5492-3810","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ant\u00f3nio","family":"Valera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2408_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.15366\/archaeofauna2021.30.005","volume":"30","author":"NJ Almeida","year":"2021","unstructured":"Almeida NJ, Valera AC (2021) Animal consumption and social change: the vertebrates from ditch 7 in the context of a diachronic approach to the faunal remains at Perdig\u00f5es enclosure (3400\u2009\u2013\u20092000 BC). Archaeofauna 30:75\u2013106. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15366\/archaeofauna2021.30.005","journal-title":"Archaeofauna"},{"key":"2408_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1515\/opar-2022-0246","volume":"8","author":"NJ Almeida","year":"2022","unstructured":"Almeida NJ, Valera A (2022) Faunal remains associated with human cremations: the chalcolithic pits 16 and 40 from the Perdig\u00f5es ditched enclosures (Reguengos de Monsaraz, Portugal). Open Archaeol 8:765\u2013786. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/opar-2022-0246","journal-title":"Open Archaeol"},{"issue":"10","key":"2408_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ANI14101424","volume":"2024","author":"NJ Almeida","year":"2024","unstructured":"Almeida NJ, Guinot C, Ribeiro I et al (2024) Human\u2013Deer relations during late prehistory: the zooarchaeological data from central and southern Portugal in perspective. Animals 2024(10):1424. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ANI14101424","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"2408_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ambrose SH, Norr L (1993) Experimental Evidence for the Relationship of the Carbon Isotope Ratios of Whole Diet and Dietary Protein to Those of Bone Collagen and Carbonate. In: Lambert JB, Grupe G (eds) Prehistoric Human Bone. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 1\u201337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-662-02894-0_1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-02894-0_1"},{"issue":"1","key":"2408_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1666\/0094-8373(2000)026<0137:ccpfrt>2.0.co;2","volume":"26","author":"NC Arens","year":"2000","unstructured":"Arens NC, Jahren AH, Amundson R (2000) Can C3 plants faithfully record the carbon isotopic composition of atmospheric carbon dioxide? Paleobiology 26(1):137\u2013164. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1666\/0094-8373(2000)026%3C;0137:ccpfrt%3E;2.0.co;2","journal-title":"Paleobiology"},{"issue":"3","key":"2408_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1002\/oa.601","volume":"12","author":"M Balasse","year":"2002","unstructured":"Balasse M (2002) Reconstructing dietary and environmental history from enamel isotopic analysis: time resolution of intra-tooth sequential sampling. Int J Osteoarchaeol 12(3):155\u2013165. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/oa.601","journal-title":"Int J Osteoarchaeol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2408_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jas.2004.11.013","volume":"32","author":"M Balasse","year":"2005","unstructured":"Balasse M, Ambrose SH (2005) Distinguishing sheep and goats using dental morphology and stable carbon isotopes in C4 grassland environments. J Archaeol Sci 32(5):691\u2013702. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jas.2004.11.013","journal-title":"J Archaeol Sci"},{"issue":"9","key":"2408_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1006\/jasc.2001.0787","volume":"29","author":"M Balasse","year":"2002","unstructured":"Balasse M, Ambrose SH, Smith AB, Price TD (2002) The seasonal mobility model for prehistoric herders in the south-western cape of South Africa assessed by isotopic analysis of sheep tooth enamel. J Archaeol Sci 29(9):917\u2013932. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1006\/jasc.2001.0787","journal-title":"J Archaeol Sci"},{"key":"2408_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1179\/1461410312Z.0000000003","volume":"17","author":"M Balasse","year":"2012","unstructured":"Balasse M, Boury L, Ughetto-Monfrin J, Tresset A (2012) Stable isotope insights (\u03b4 18O, \u03b4 13C) into cattle and sheep husbandry at Bercy (Paris, France, 4 th millennium BC): birth seasonality and winter leaf foddering. Environ Archaeol 17:29\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1179\/1461410312Z.0000000003","journal-title":"Environ Archaeol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2408_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1179\/1461957112Y.0000000028","volume":"16","author":"M Balasse","year":"2013","unstructured":"Balasse M, B\u0103l\u0103\u015fescu A, Janzen A et al (2013) Early herding at M\u0103gura-Boldul lui Mo\u015f Iv\u0103nu\u015f (early sixth millennium BC, Romania): environments and seasonality from stable isotope analysis. Eur J Archaeol 16(2):221\u2013246. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1179\/1461957112Y.0000000028","journal-title":"Eur J Archaeol"},{"key":"2408_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.4000\/books.momeditions.12602","volume-title":"On Salt, copper and gold: the origins of early mining and metallurgy in the Caucasus","author":"R Berthon","year":"2021","unstructured":"Berthon R, Giblin J, Balasse M et al (2021) The role of herding strategies in the exploitation of natural resources by early mining communities in the Caucasus. In: Marro C, St\u00f6llner T (eds) On Salt, copper and gold: the origins of early mining and metallurgy in the Caucasus. MOM \u00c9ditions, Lyon, pp 263\u2013284"},{"key":"2408_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Blanco-Gonz\u00e1lez A, Lillios KT, L\u00f3pez-S\u00e1ez JA, Drake BL (2018) Cultural, demographic and environmental dynamics of the copper and early bronze age in Iberia (3300\u20131500 BC): towards an interregional multiproxy comparison at the time of the 4.2 ky BP event. J World Prehist. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/S10963-018-9113-3","DOI":"10.1007\/S10963-018-9113-3"},{"key":"2408_CR13","first-page":"1","volume":"78","author":"J Boessneck","year":"1964","unstructured":"Boessneck J, M\u00fcller H-H, Teichert M (1964) Osteologiche unterscheidungsmerkmale Zwischen Schaf (Ovis Aries Linn\u00e9) und Ziege (Capra Hircus Linn\u00e9). Kuhn-Arch 78:1\u201329","journal-title":"Kuhn-Arch"},{"key":"2408_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3926","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jas.2013.03.028","volume":"40","author":"M Bonafini","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bonafini M, Pellegrini M, Ditchfield P, Pollard AM (2013) Investigation of the canopy effect in the isotope ecology of temperate woodlands. J Archaeol Sci 40:3926\u20133935. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jas.2013.03.028","journal-title":"J Archaeol Sci"},{"key":"2408_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Broadmeadow MSJ, Griffiths H (1993) Carbon Isotope Discrimination and the Coupling of CO2 Fluxes within Forest Canopies. In: Saugier B, Ehleringer J, Hall A, Farquhar G (eds) Stable Isotopes and Plant Carbon-water Relations. Elsevier, pp 109\u2013129. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/B978-0-08-091801-3.50015-5","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-091801-3.50015-5"},{"issue":"1","key":"2408_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1111\/J.1469-7998.1991.TB03803.X","volume":"225","author":"WAB Brown","year":"1991","unstructured":"Brown WAB, Chapman NG (1991) Age assessment of red deer (Cervus elaphus): from a scoring scheme based on radiographs of developing permanent molariform teeth. J Zool 225(1):85\u201397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/J.1469-7998.1991.TB03803.X","journal-title":"J Zool"},{"key":"2408_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/J.JAS.2009.08.020","volume":"37","author":"M Buckley","year":"2010","unstructured":"Buckley M, Whitcher Kansa S, Howard S et al (2010) Distinguishing between archaeological sheep and goat bones using a single collagen peptide. J Archaeol Sci 37:13\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.JAS.2009.08.020","journal-title":"J Archaeol Sci"},{"key":"2408_CR18","unstructured":"Caba\u00e7o N (2009) Restos faun\u00edsticos em contexto funer\u00e1rio nos Perdig\u00f5es, Reguengos de Monsaraz (Sepulcros 1 e 2). Masters Thesis, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Tomar, Universidade de Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes e Alto Douro. http:\/\/hdl.handle.net\/10348\/417"},{"key":"2408_CR19","first-page":"259","volume-title":"Actas Das IV Jornadas de jovens Em Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Arqueol\u00f3gica - JIA 2011 Vol. I. Promont\u00f3ria Monogr\u00e1fica","author":"N Caba\u00e7o","year":"2012","unstructured":"Caba\u00e7o N (2012) Restos faun\u00edsticos Em contexto funer\u00e1rio Nos Perdig\u00f5es, reguengos de Monsaraz (Sepulcros 1 e 2). In: Cascalheira J, Gon\u00e7alves C (eds) Actas Das IV Jornadas de jovens Em Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Arqueol\u00f3gica - JIA 2011 Vol. I. Promont\u00f3ria Monogr\u00e1fica. Universidade do Algarve, Faro, pp 259\u2013267"},{"key":"2408_CR20","unstructured":"Caba\u00e7o N (2017) A fauna depositada sob o cairn 1 dos Perdig\u00f5es (Reguengos de Monsaraz). In: ERA Arqueologia \/ N\u00facleo de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Arqueol\u00f3gica - NIA (ed) Apontamentos de Arqueologia e Patrim\u00ednio. Lisboa, pp 23\u201335"},{"key":"2408_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1007\/s004420050868","volume":"120","author":"TE Cerling","year":"1999","unstructured":"Cerling TE, Harris JM (1999) Carbon isotope fractionation between diet and bioapatite in ungulate mammals and implications for ecological and paleoecological studies. Oecologia 120:347\u2013363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s004420050868","journal-title":"Oecologia"},{"key":"2408_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fevo.2021.638568","volume":"9","author":"TE Cerling","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cerling TE, Bernasconi SM, Hofstetter LS et al (2021) CH4\/CO2 ratios and carbon isotope enrichment between diet and breath in herbivorous mammals. Front Ecol Evol 9:638568. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fevo.2021.638568","journal-title":"Front Ecol Evol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2408_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1071\/FP08216","volume":"36","author":"LA Cernusak","year":"2009","unstructured":"Cernusak LA, Tcherkez G, Keitel C et al (2009) Why are non-photosynthetic tissues generally 13C enriched compared with leaves in C3 plants? Review and synthesis of current hypotheses. Funct Plant Biol 36(3):199\u2013213. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1071\/FP08216","journal-title":"Funct Plant Biol"},{"key":"2408_CR24","unstructured":"Costa C (2013) Tafonomia em contexto pr\u00e9-hist\u00f3rico: A zooarqueologia como recurso para a compreens\u00e3o das estruturas em negativo da Pr\u00e9-Hist\u00f3ria Recente. PhD Thesis, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias Humanas e Sociais da Universidade do Algarve"},{"key":"2408_CR25","first-page":"163","volume-title":"Os Perdig\u00f5es Neol\u00edticos. G\u00e9nese e desenvolvimento (de Meados do 4o Aos in\u00edcios do 3o mil\u00e9nio ac). Perdig\u00f5es Monogr\u00e1fica 01","author":"C Costa","year":"2018","unstructured":"Costa C (2018) Perdig\u00f5es Neol\u00edticos: Os vertebrados. In: Valera AC (ed) Os Perdig\u00f5es Neol\u00edticos. G\u00e9nese e desenvolvimento (de Meados do 4o Aos in\u00edcios do 3o mil\u00e9nio ac). Perdig\u00f5es Monogr\u00e1fica 01. NIA\/ERA, Lisboa, pp 163\u2013190"},{"key":"2408_CR26","first-page":"13","volume":"9","author":"R Danielsen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Danielsen R, Mendes PM (2013) Pollen analysis of late neolithic ditch deposits from the perdigoes archaeological site. Apontamentos De Arqueologia E Patrim\u00f3nio 9:13\u201320","journal-title":"Apontamentos De Arqueologia E Patrim\u00f3nio"},{"issue":"5","key":"2408_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(78)90199-0","volume":"42","author":"MJ DeNiro","year":"1978","unstructured":"DeNiro MJ, Epstein S (1978) Influence of diet on the distribution of carbon isotopes in animals*. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 42(5):495\u2013506. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0016-7037(78)90199-0","journal-title":"Geochim Cosmochim Acta"},{"issue":"1","key":"2408_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01323099","volume":"11","author":"G Dongmann","year":"1974","unstructured":"Dongmann G, N\u00fcrnberg HW, F\u00f6rstel H, Wagener K (1974) On the enrichment of H218O in the leaves of transpiring plants. Radiat Environ Biophys 11(1):41\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF01323099","journal-title":"Radiat Environ Biophys"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"2408_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.palaeo.2008.03.020","volume":"266","author":"DG Drucker","year":"2008","unstructured":"Drucker DG, Bridault A, Hobson KA et al (2008) Can carbon-13 in large herbivores reflect the canopy effect in temperate and boreal ecosystems? Evidence from modern and ancient ungulates. Palaeogeogr Palaeoclimatol Palaeoecol 266(1\u20132):69\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.palaeo.2008.03.020","journal-title":"Palaeogeogr Palaeoclimatol Palaeoecol"},{"issue":"4323","key":"2408_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.1126\/SCIENCE.198.4323.1209","volume":"1979","author":"S Epstein","year":"1977","unstructured":"Epstein S, Thompson P, Yapp CJ (1977) Oxygen and hydrogen isotopic ratios in plant cellulose. Science 1979(4323):1209\u20131215. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/SCIENCE.198.4323.1209","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2408_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.5374","volume":"6","author":"R Fan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fan R, Morozumi T, Maximov TC, Sugimoto A (2018) Effect of floods on the \u03b4 13 C values in plant leaves: a study of willows in Northeastern Siberia. PeerJ 6:e5374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7717\/peerj.5374","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"issue":"2","key":"2408_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1071\/PP9820121","volume":"9","author":"GD Farquhar","year":"1982","unstructured":"Farquhar GD, O\u2019Leary MH, Berry JA (1982) On the relationship between carbon isotope discrimination and the intercellular carbon dioxide concentration in leaves. Funct Plant Biol 9(2):121\u2013137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1071\/PP9820121","journal-title":"Funct Plant Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2408_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.pp.40.060189.002443","volume":"40","author":"GD Farquhar","year":"1989","unstructured":"Farquhar GD, Ehleringer JR, Hubick KT (1989) Carbon isotope discrimination and photosythesis. Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 40(1):503\u2013537","journal-title":"Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol"},{"issue":"7","key":"2408_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2023","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jas.2012.04.004","volume":"39","author":"D Fr\u00e9mondeau","year":"2012","unstructured":"Fr\u00e9mondeau D, Cucchi T, Casabianca F et al (2012) Seasonality of birth and diet of pigs from stable isotope analyses of tooth enamel (\u03b418O, \u03b413C): a modern reference data set from Corsica, France. J Archaeol Sci 39(7):2023\u20132035. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jas.2012.04.004","journal-title":"J Archaeol Sci"},{"key":"2408_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jasrep.2016.11.030","volume":"11","author":"D Fr\u00e9mondeau","year":"2017","unstructured":"Fr\u00e9mondeau D, De Cupere B, Evin A, Van Neer W (2017) Diversity in pig husbandry from the Classical-Hellenistic to the Byzantine periods: an integrated dental analysis of D\u00fczen Tepe and Sagalassos assemblages (Turkey). J Archaeol Sci Rep 11:38\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jasrep.2016.11.030","journal-title":"J Archaeol Sci Rep"},{"issue":"9","key":"2408_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2324","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jas.2011.04.012","volume":"38","author":"R Gillis","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gillis R, Chaix L, Vigne JD (2011) An assessment of morphological criteria for discriminating sheep and goat mandibles on a large prehistoric archaeological assemblage (Kerma, Sudan). J Archaeol Sci 38(9):2324\u20132339. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jas.2011.04.012","journal-title":"J Archaeol Sci"},{"issue":"10","key":"2408_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/JOURNAL.PONE.0258230","volume":"16","author":"RE Gillis","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gillis RE, Bulatovi\u0107 J, Penezi\u0107 K et al (2021) Of herds and societies\u2014seasonal aspects of Vin\u010da culture herding and land use practices revealed using sequential stable isotope analysis of animal teeth. PLoS One 16(10):e0258230. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/JOURNAL.PONE.0258230","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"2408_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41559-024-02553-y","volume":"9","author":"RE Gillis","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gillis RE, Kendall IP, Roffet-Salque M et al (2024) Diverse prehistoric cattle husbandry strategies in the forests of Central Europe. Nature Ecology & Evolution 9(1):87\u201398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41559-024-02553-y","journal-title":"Nature Ecology & Evolution"},{"issue":"5","key":"2408_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1002\/OA.2768","volume":"29","author":"RM Godinho","year":"2019","unstructured":"Godinho RM, Gon\u00e7alves D, Valera AC (2019) The preburning condition of chalcolithic cremated human remains from the Perdig\u00f5es enclosures (Portugal). Int J Osteoarchaeol 29(5):706\u2013717. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/OA.2768","journal-title":"Int J Osteoarchaeol"},{"key":"2408_CR40","first-page":"91","volume-title":"Ageing and sexing animal bones from archaeological sites","author":"A Grant","year":"1982","unstructured":"Grant A (1982) The use of tooth wear as a guide to the age of domestic ungulates. In: Wilson B, Grigson C, Payne S (eds) Ageing and sexing animal bones from archaeological sites. BAR British Series, vol 109. British Archaeological Reports, Oxford, pp 91\u2013108"},{"issue":"5","key":"2408_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1006\/jasc.2001.0777","volume":"29","author":"P Halstead","year":"2002","unstructured":"Halstead P, Collins P, Isaakidou V (2002) Sorting the sheep from the goats: morphological distinctions between the mandibles and mandibular teeth of adult Ovis and Capra. J Archaeol Sci 29(5):545\u2013553. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1006\/jasc.2001.0777","journal-title":"J Archaeol Sci"},{"key":"2408_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1007\/s00442-009-1514-7","volume":"162","author":"G Hartman","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hartman G, Danin A (2010) Isotopic values of plants in relation to water availability in the Eastern mediterranean region. Oecologia 162:837\u2013852. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00442-009-1514-7","journal-title":"Oecologia"},{"issue":"2","key":"2408_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.20598","volume":"133","author":"REM Hedges","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hedges REM, Clement JG, Thomas CDL, O\u2019Connell TC (2007) Collagen turnover in the adult femoral mid-shaft: modeled from anthropogenic radiocarbon tracer measurements. Am J Phys Anthropol 133(2):808\u2013816. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajpa.20598","journal-title":"Am J Phys Anthropol"},{"key":"2408_CR44","unstructured":"IPMA (2023) S\u00e9ries longas - Precipita\u00e7\u00e3o total de 1871 a 2008"},{"key":"2408_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Katzenberg AM, Waters-Rist A (2019) Stable Isotope Analysis: A tool for studying past diet, demograohy and life history. In: Katzenberg AM, Grauer AL (eds) Biological Anthropology of the Human Skeleton, 3rd Edition. John Wiley & Sons, New Jersey","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119151647.ch14"},{"key":"2408_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-32268-6_7","volume-title":"Interdisciplinary contributions to Archaeology - Exploring human behavior through isotope analysis: applications in archaeological research","author":"RL Kinaston","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kinaston RL (2023) Isotopes, Domestication, and past animal husbandry practices: A review of the formative studies. In: Beasley M, Somerville A (eds) Interdisciplinary contributions to Archaeology - Exploring human behavior through isotope analysis: applications in archaeological research. Springer Nature, Switzerland, pp 155\u2013180. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-031-32268-6_7"},{"issue":"46","key":"2408_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19691","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1004933107","volume":"107","author":"MJ Kohn","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kohn MJ (2010) Carbon isotope compositions of terrestrial C3 plants as indicators of (paleo)ecology and (paleo)climate. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 107(46):19691\u201319695. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.1004933107","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"1","key":"2408_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38817","DOI":"10.1038\/srep38817","volume":"6","author":"Z Laffranchi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Laffranchi Z, Huertas AD, Jim\u00e9nez Brobeil SA et al (2016) Stable C &n isotopes in 2100 Year-B.P. Human bone collagen indicate rare dietary dominance of C4 plants in NE-Italy. Sci Rep 6(1):38817. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/srep38817","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"6","key":"2408_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-4754.2008.00441.x","volume":"50","author":"JA Lee-Thorp","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lee-Thorp JA (2008) On isotopes and old bones. Archaeometry 50(6):925\u2013950. https:\/\/doi.org\/https:\/\/doi.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1475-4754.2008.00441.x","journal-title":"Archaeometry"},{"key":"2408_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.5194\/CP-19-803-2023","volume":"19","author":"M Liu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liu M, Shen Y, Gonz\u00e1lez-Samp\u00e9riz P et al (2023) Holocene climates of the Iberian peninsula: pollen-based reconstructions of changes in the west-east gradient of temperature and moisture. Clim Past 19:803\u2013834. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5194\/CP-19-803-2023","journal-title":"Clim Past"},{"key":"2408_CR51","unstructured":"Lopez-Doriga IL, Sim\u00f5es T (2015) Los cultivos Del Neol\u00edtico Antiguo de sintra: Lapi\u00e1s Das Lameiras y S\u00e3o Pedro de canaferrim: resultados preliminares. In: Gon\u00e7alves VS, Diniz M, Sousa AC (eds) 5.o Congresso do Neol\u00edtico Peninsular. Euro, Lisboa, pp 96\u2013105"},{"issue":"2","key":"2408_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1179\/1461410312Z.00000000011","volume":"17","author":"R Madgwick","year":"2012","unstructured":"Madgwick R, Mulville J, Stevens RE (2012) Diversity in foddering strategy and herd management in late bronze age britain: an isotopic investigation of pigs and other fauna from two midden sites. Environ Archaeol 17(2):126\u2013140. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1179\/1461410312Z.00000000011","journal-title":"Environ Archaeol"},{"key":"2408_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.palaeo.2017.01.028","volume":"485","author":"CA Makarewicz","year":"2017","unstructured":"Makarewicz CA (2017a) Sequential \u03b413C and \u03b418O analyses of early Holocene bovid tooth enamel: resolving vertical transhumance in Neolithic domesticated sheep and goats. Palaeogeogr Palaeoclimatol Palaeoecol 485:16\u201329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.palaeo.2017.01.028","journal-title":"Palaeogeogr Palaeoclimatol Palaeoecol"},{"key":"2408_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Makarewicz CA (2017b) Stable isotopes in pastoralist archaeology as indicators of diet, mobility, and animal husbandry practices. In: Miller AV, Makarewicz CA (eds) Isotopic Investigations of Pastoralism in Prehistory, 1st Edition. Routledge, London, p pp 141-158","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315143026-10"},{"key":"2408_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.palaeo.2017.01.010","volume":"485","author":"CA Makarewicz","year":"2017","unstructured":"Makarewicz CA, Pederzani S (2017) Oxygen (\u03b418O) and carbon (\u03b413C) isotopic distinction in sequentially sampled tooth enamel of co-localized wild and domesticated caprines: complications to establishing seasonality and mobility in herbivores. Palaeogeogr Palaeoclimatol Palaeoecol 485:1\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.palaeo.2017.01.010","journal-title":"Palaeogeogr Palaeoclimatol Palaeoecol"},{"key":"2408_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.quascirev.2015.01.013","volume":"112","author":"A Mauri","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mauri A, Davis BAS, Collins PM, Kaplan JO (2015) The climate of Europe during the holocene: a gridded pollen-based reconstruction and its multi-proxy evaluation. Quat Sci Rev 112:109\u2013127. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.quascirev.2015.01.013","journal-title":"Quat Sci Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"2408_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN19610026","volume":"15","author":"RA McCance","year":"1961","unstructured":"McCance RA, Ford EHR, Brown WAB (1961) Severe undernutrition in growing and adult animals: 7. Development of the skull, jaws and teeth in pigs. Br J Nutr 15(2):213\u2013224. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1079\/BJN19610026","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"key":"2408_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Miller VA, Makarewicz CA (2017) Isotopic Investigations of Pastoralism in Prehistory. In: Miller VA, Makarewicz CA (eds) Isotopic Investigations of Pastoralism in Prehistory, 1st ed. Routledge, London, pp 1\u201314","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315143026-1"},{"issue":"6","key":"2408_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1002\/oa.2812","volume":"29","author":"V Navarrete","year":"2019","unstructured":"Navarrete V, Tornero C, Balasse M, Sa\u00f1a M (2019) Food management of early introduced caprine and bovine herds in the early neolithic site of La Draga (Banyoles): an isotopic approach. Int J Osteoarchaeol 29(6):986\u2013998. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/oa.2812","journal-title":"Int J Osteoarchaeol"},{"key":"2408_CR60","first-page":"31","volume":"7","author":"BA Noddle","year":"1990","unstructured":"Noddle BA (1990) Flesh on the bones. Circaea 7:31\u201351","journal-title":"Circaea"},{"key":"2408_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.2307\/1310735","volume":"38","author":"MH O\u2019Leary","year":"1988","unstructured":"O\u2019Leary MH (1988) Carbon isotopes in photosynthesis. Bioscience 38:328\u2013336. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/1310735","journal-title":"Bioscience"},{"issue":"10","key":"2408_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1459","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jas.2005.03.015","volume":"32","author":"BH Passey","year":"2005","unstructured":"Passey BH, Robinson TF, Ayliffe LK et al (2005) Carbon isotope fractionation between diet, breath CO2, and bioapatite in different mammals. J Archaeol Sci 32(10):1459\u20131470. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jas.2005.03.015","journal-title":"J Archaeol Sci"},{"key":"2408_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/J.EARSCIREV.2018.11.005","volume":"188","author":"S Pederzani","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pederzani S, Britton K (2019) Oxygen isotopes in bioarchaeology: principles and applications, challenges and opportunities. Earth Sci Rev 188:77\u2013107. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.EARSCIREV.2018.11.005","journal-title":"Earth Sci Rev"},{"key":"2408_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/j.quaint.2017.06.002","volume":"470","author":"L Pe\u00f1a-Chocarro","year":"2018","unstructured":"Pe\u00f1a-Chocarro L, P\u00e9rez-Jord\u00e0 G, Morales J (2018) Crops of the first farming communities in the Iberian Peninsula. Quatern Int 470:369\u2013382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.quaint.2017.06.002","journal-title":"Quatern Int"},{"key":"2408_CR65","volume-title":"Social zooarchaeology: humans and animals in prehistory","author":"N Russell","year":"2012","unstructured":"Russell N (2012) Social zooarchaeology: humans and animals in prehistory. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge"},{"key":"2408_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-9326\/AD4FA3","volume":"19","author":"J Schirrmacher","year":"2024","unstructured":"Schirrmacher J, Almeida NJ, Stika HP, Weinelt M (2024) Climate deterioration and subsistence economy in prehistoric Southern Iberia: an evaluation of potential links based on regional trajectories. Environ Res Lett 19:064057. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/1748-9326\/AD4FA3","journal-title":"Environ Res Lett"},{"key":"2408_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(84)90091-7","volume":"48","author":"MJ Schoeninger","year":"1984","unstructured":"Schoeninger MJ, DeNiro MJ (1984) Nitrogen and carbon isotopic composition of bone collagen from marine and terrestrial animals. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 48:625\u2013539","journal-title":"Geochim Cosmochim Acta"},{"key":"2408_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1104\/PP.47.3.380","volume":"47","author":"BN Smith","year":"1971","unstructured":"Smith BN, Epstein S (1971) Two categories of c\/c ratios for higher plants. Plant Physiol 47:380\u2013384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1104\/PP.47.3.380","journal-title":"Plant Physiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2408_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.palaeo.2010.12.021","volume":"301","author":"RE Stevens","year":"2011","unstructured":"Stevens RE, Balasse M, O\u2019Connell TC (2011) Intra-tooth oxygen isotope variation in a known population of red deer: implications for past climate and seasonality reconstructions. Palaeogeogr Palaeoclimatol Palaeoecol 301(4):81\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.palaeo.2010.12.021","journal-title":"Palaeogeogr Palaeoclimatol Palaeoecol"},{"key":"2408_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1071\/PP9950051","volume":"22","author":"GR Stewart","year":"1995","unstructured":"Stewart GR, Turnbull MH, Schmidt S, Erskine PD (1995) 3C natural abundance in plant communities along a rainfall gradient: a biological integrator of water availability. Aust J Plant Physiol 22:81\u201355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1071\/PP9950051","journal-title":"Aust J Plant Physiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2408_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/0305-4403(91)90063-U","volume":"18","author":"LL Tieszen","year":"1991","unstructured":"Tieszen LL (1991) Natural variations in the carbon isotope values of plants: implications for archaeology, ecology, and paleoecology. J Archaeol Sci 18(3):227\u2013248. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0305-4403(91)90063-U","journal-title":"J Archaeol Sci"},{"issue":"11","key":"2408_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4039","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jas.2013.05.013","volume":"40","author":"C Tornero","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tornero C, B\u01cel\u01ce\u015fescu A, Ughetto-Monfrin J et al (2013) Seasonality and season of birth in early eneolithic sheep from Cheia (Romania): methodological advances and implications for animal economy. J Archaeol Sci 40(11):4039\u20134055. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jas.2013.05.013","journal-title":"J Archaeol Sci"},{"key":"2408_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/J.QUAINT.2016.11.042","volume":"484","author":"C Tornero","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tornero C, Aguilera M, Ferrio JP et al (2018) Vertical sheep mobility along the altitudinal gradient through stable isotope analyses in tooth molar bioapatite, meteoric water and pastures: a reference from the Ebro valley to the Central Pyrenees. Quat Int 484:94\u2013106. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.QUAINT.2016.11.042","journal-title":"Quat Int"},{"key":"2408_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tornero C, Balasse M, Br\u00e9hard S et al (2020) Early evidence of sheep lambing de-seasoning in the Western Mediterranean in the sixth millennium BCE. Sci Rep 10(11):1. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-020-69576-w","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-69576-w"},{"key":"2408_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1858","DOI":"10.1016\/J.JAS.2011.03.030","volume":"38","author":"J Towers","year":"2011","unstructured":"Towers J, Jay M, Mainland I et al (2011) A calf for all seasons? The potential of stable isotope analysis to investigate prehistoric husbandry practices. J Archaeol Sci 38:1858\u20131868. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.JAS.2011.03.030","journal-title":"J Archaeol Sci"},{"issue":"8","key":"2408_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/JOURNAL.PONE.0072327","volume":"8","author":"T Tsutaya","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tsutaya T, Yoneda M (2013) Quantitative reconstruction of weaning ages in archaeological human populations using bone collagen nitrogen isotope ratios and approximate Bayesian computation. PLoS One 8(8):e72327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/JOURNAL.PONE.0072327","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"2408_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1179\/1749631414Y.0000000022","volume":"19","author":"MJ Valente","year":"2014","unstructured":"Valente MJ, Carvalho AF (2014) Zooarchaeology in the Neolithic and Chalcolithic of Southern Portugal. Environ Archaeol 19(3):226\u2013240. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1179\/1749631414Y.0000000022","journal-title":"Environ Archaeol"},{"key":"2408_CR78","unstructured":"Valera AC (2015) Social change in the late 3rd millennium BC in Portugal: The twilight of enclosures. In: Meller H, Risch R, Jung R, Arz H (eds) 2200 BC \u2013 Ein Klimasturz als Ursache f\u00fcr den Zerfall der Alten Welt? 2200 BC \u2013 A climatic breakdown as a cause for the collapse of the old world? 7th Archaeological Conference of Central Germany October 23\u201326, pp 409\u2013428"},{"key":"2408_CR79","first-page":"201","volume-title":"Key resources and Socio-cultural developments in the Iberian chalcolithic","author":"AC Valera","year":"2017","unstructured":"Valera AC (2017) The \u2018Exogenous\u2019 at Perdig\u00f5es: approaching interaction in the late 4th and 3rd millennium BC in Southwest Iberia. In: Bartelheim M, Ram\u00edrez P, Kunst M (eds) Key resources and Socio-cultural developments in the Iberian chalcolithic. T\u00fcbingen Library Publishing, T\u00fcbingen, pp 201\u2013224"},{"key":"2408_CR80","volume-title":"Os Perdig\u00f5es neol\u00edticos. G\u00e9nese e desenvolvimento (de Meados do 4o Aos in\u00edcios do 3o mil\u00e9nio aC). Perdig\u00f5es Monogr\u00e1fica 01","author":"AC Valera","year":"2018","unstructured":"Valera AC (2018) Os Perdig\u00f5es neol\u00edticos. G\u00e9nese e desenvolvimento (de Meados do 4o Aos in\u00edcios do 3o mil\u00e9nio aC). Perdig\u00f5es Monogr\u00e1fica 01. NIA\/ERA, Lisboa, Portugal"},{"issue":"1","key":"2408_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.15366\/cupauam2023.49.1.001","volume":"49","author":"AC Valera","year":"2023","unstructured":"Valera AC (2023) Monumentality in wood: a preliminary approach to timber circles of Late prehistory in South Portugal. Cuadernos de prehistoria y arqueologia de La Universidad. Autonoma De Madrid 49(1):11\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15366\/cupauam2023.49.1.001","journal-title":"Autonoma De Madrid"},{"key":"2408_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.12795\/spal.2014i23.01","volume":"23","author":"AC Valera","year":"2014","unstructured":"Valera AC, Silva AM, M\u00e1rquez Romero JE (2014) The Temporality of Perdig\u00f5es enclosures: absolute chronology of the structures and social practices. Spal Revista De Prehistoria Y Arqueolog\u00eda De La Universidad De Sevilla 23:11\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12795\/spal.2014i23.01","journal-title":"Spal Revista De Prehistoria Y Arqueolog\u00eda De La Universidad De Sevilla"},{"key":"2408_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.30893\/eq.v0i17.161","volume":"17","author":"AC Valera","year":"2017","unstructured":"Valera AC, Sim\u00e3o I, Nunes T et al (2017) Neolithic ditched enclosures in Southern Portugal (4th millennium BC): new data and new perspectives. Estudos Do Quatern\u00e1rio 17:57\u201376. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.30893\/eq.v0i17.161","journal-title":"Estudos Do Quatern\u00e1rio"},{"key":"2408_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.30893\/EQ.V0I20.189","volume":"2019","author":"AC Valera","year":"2019","unstructured":"Valera AC, Bas\u00edlio AC, Almeida N (2019) The Fragment, the Half, and the whole: approaching pottery and fauna depositions in pit 50 of Perdig\u00f5es enclosure (first half of the 3rd millennium BC). Estudos Do Quatern\u00e1rio Quaternary Stud 2019:11\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.30893\/EQ.V0I20.189","journal-title":"Estudos Do Quatern\u00e1rio Quaternary Stud"},{"key":"2408_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102264","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jasrep.2020.102264","volume":"30","author":"AC Valera","year":"2020","unstructured":"Valera AC, \u017dalait\u0117 I, Maurer AF et al (2020) Addressing human mobility in Iberian neolithic and chalcolithic ditched enclosures: the case of Perdig\u00f5es (South Portugal). J Archaeol Sci Rep 30:102264. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jasrep.2020.102264","journal-title":"J Archaeol Sci Rep"},{"key":"2408_CR86","first-page":"387","volume-title":"Vila Nova de S\u00e3o Pedro e o Calcol\u00edtico no ocidente Peninsular","author":"AC Valera","year":"2024","unstructured":"Valera AC, Almeida N, Evangelista LS et al (2024) No Centro do Centro Dos Perdig\u00f5es: o contexto de deposi\u00e7\u00e3o de cabe\u00e7a humana Da fossa 96 (2a metade do 3o mil\u00e9nio a.C). In: Diniz M, Martins A, Neves C, Arnaud JM (eds) Vila Nova de S\u00e3o Pedro e o Calcol\u00edtico no ocidente Peninsular, vol 22. Estudos e Mem\u00f3rias, Lisboa, pp 387\u2013405"},{"issue":"6","key":"2408_CR87","first-page":"596","volume":"70","author":"NJ van der Merwe","year":"1982","unstructured":"van der Merwe NJ (1982) Carbon Isotopes, Photosynthesis, and archaeology: different pathways of photosynthesis cause characteristic changes in carbon isotope ratios that make possible the study of prehistoric human diets. Am Sci 70(6):596\u2013606. https:\/\/doi.org\/https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/27851731","journal-title":"Am Sci"},{"key":"2408_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"van der Merwe NJ, Medina E (1991) The canopy effect, carbon isotope ratios and foodwebs in Amazonia. J Archaeol Sci 18:249\u2013259. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0305-4403(91)90064-V","DOI":"10.1016\/0305-4403(91)90064-V"},{"issue":"2","key":"2408_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1002\/AJPA.23622","volume":"167","author":"V Villalba-Mouco","year":"2018","unstructured":"Villalba-Mouco V, Utrilla P, Laborda R et al (2018) Reconstruction of human subsistence and husbandry strategies from the Iberian Early Neolithic: a stable isotope approach. Am J Phys Anthropol 167(2):257\u2013271. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/AJPA.23622","journal-title":"Am J Phys Anthropol"},{"key":"2408_CR89","first-page":"41","volume":"6","author":"J Wheeler","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wheeler J (2010) Preliminary palaeoenvironmental assessment of two archaeological sediments from Os Perdig\u00f5es, Alentejo Region, Portugal. Apontamentos De Arqueologia E Patrim\u00f3nio 6:41\u201345","journal-title":"Apontamentos De Arqueologia E Patrim\u00f3nio"},{"key":"2408_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12862-018-1332-9","volume":"18","author":"C Witzel","year":"2018","unstructured":"Witzel C, Kierdorf U, Fr\u00f6lich K, Kierdorf H (2018) The pay-off of hypsodonty - timing and dynamics of crown growth and wear in molars of Soay sheep. BMC Evol Biol 18:1\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12862-018-1332-9","journal-title":"BMC Evol Biol"},{"key":"2408_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jasrep.2018.03.033","volume":"19","author":"I \u017dalait\u0117","year":"2018","unstructured":"\u017dalait\u0117 I, Maurer AF, Grimes V et al (2018) Diet and mobility of fauna from Late Neolithic\u2013Chalcolithic site of Perdig\u00f5es, Portugal. J Archaeol Sci Rep 19:674\u2013685. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jasrep.2018.03.033","journal-title":"J Archaeol Sci Rep"},{"issue":"8","key":"2408_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jas.2005.12.006","volume":"33","author":"A Zazzo","year":"2006","unstructured":"Zazzo A, Balasse M, Patterson WP (2006) The reconstruction of mammal individual history: refining high-resolution isotope record in bovine tooth dentine. J Archaeol Sci 33(8):1177\u20131187. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jas.2005.12.006","journal-title":"J Archaeol Sci"},{"issue":"12","key":"2408_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3571","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gca.2010.03.017","volume":"74","author":"A Zazzo","year":"2010","unstructured":"Zazzo A, Balasse M, Passey BH et al (2010) The isotope record of short- and long-term dietary changes in sheep tooth enamel: implications for quantitative reconstruction of paleodiets. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 74(12):3571\u20133586. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gca.2010.03.017","journal-title":"Geochim Cosmochim Acta"}],"container-title":["Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12520-026-02408-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12520-026-02408-6","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12520-026-02408-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T23:40:26Z","timestamp":1772840426000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12520-026-02408-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]]},"references-count":94,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["2408"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12520-026-02408-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1866-9557","1866-9565"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1866-9557","type":"print"},{"value":"1866-9565","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"23 July 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 January 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 February 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors have no financial or non-financial interests to declare.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Financial and non-financial interests"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"58"}}