{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T12:59:01Z","timestamp":1770814741779,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":102,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,20]],"date-time":"2022-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1658275200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,20]],"date-time":"2022-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1658275200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003385","name":"Georg-August-Universit\u00e4t G\u00f6ttingen","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003385","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Environ Earth Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Natural building stones must be analysed according to a legally defined procedure to prove that the natural radioactivity they emit is below the so-called activity index given by European Commission. This applies in particular to rooms inside buildings or apartments that are used by people for longer periods of time. Gamma spectrometric measurements were determined for all nuclides involved, <jats:sup>40<\/jats:sup>K, <jats:sup>226<\/jats:sup>Ra and <jats:sup>232<\/jats:sup>Th, which were finally summed up to a total dose for each sample. Measurements are prescribed to check whether the reference value of 1 milli-Sievert per year can be exceeded by radionuclides in the respective building materials. Natural stones, 82 in total from all over the world, such as various igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary rocks, which are currently used as building stones for interior and exterior finishing, as kitchen worktops, floor tiles, wall cladding, table tops, furniture cover plates, paving stones, terrace slabs, paving slabs, stairs, street furniture, etc., were selected. Additionally, Rn-222 and Rn-220 exhaled per unit mass were determined simultaneously on 54 selcted from the total 82 rocks by using the accumulation method. In addition, our results were statistically compared with literature data, according to which fesic igneous rocks, gneisses and clay mineral-rich rocks have the highest potential to be radiologically threatening. Limestones, marbles, quartzites, mafic igneous rocks and sandstones are generally less radiologically harmful, but even here there are exceptions depending on the geological formation history and mineralogical composition. The highest activity index of 1.87 was determined for the gneiss Giallo California. Model calculations to determine the expected radiation exposure for a human were used by applying two less complex approaches. Even with the extreme model \u201ccoffin\u201d, which consists of the Gialo California, a human experiences only a maximum dose rate of 1.29\u00a0mSva<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>, which is far below the maximum dose rate of 20\u00a0mSv\u00a0a<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> allowed for occupational radiation exposure. The <jats:sup>220<\/jats:sup>Rn and <jats:sup>222<\/jats:sup>Rn are often neglected; however, their contribution to the dose rate received by the population may be significant. Model simulations for a room with 4\u00a0m \u00d7 3\u00a0m\u2009\u00d7\u20092.5\u00a0m where the walls and the floor coverd with tiles of 1\u00a0cm thickness show a maximum indoor radon concentration of less then 100\u00a0Bg\u00a0m<jats:sup>\u22123<\/jats:sup>. With increase in thickness of the tiles up to 3\u00a0cm, 10\u00a0cm and 20\u00a0cm and for poorly ventilated rooms especially some granitoids, gneisses and the copper-rich shale are above the allowed limit of the European Commission.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s12665-022-10483-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,20]],"date-time":"2022-07-20T06:02:57Z","timestamp":1658296977000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Is there any health danger by radioactivity on the use of dimensional stones?"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Siegfried","family":"Siegesmund","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Alcides","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Lu\u00eds","family":"Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Stine","family":"Rucker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Leander","family":"Kallas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Bernd","family":"Kopka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Filipa","family":"Domingos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"S\u00e9rgio","family":"Seco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,20]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10483_CR1","first-page":"209","volume":"44","author":"NK Ahmed","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ahmed NK, Abbady A, El Arabi AM, Michel R, El-Kamel AH, Abbady AGE (2006) Comparative study of the natural radioactivity of some selected rocks from Egypt and Germany. Indian J Pure Appl Phys 44(3):209\u2013215","journal-title":"Indian J Pure Appl Phys"},{"key":"10483_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1007\/s12665-017-6849-5","volume":"76","author":"IF Al-Hamarneh","year":"2017","unstructured":"Al-Hamarneh IF (2017) Radiological hazards for marble, granite and ceramic tiles used in buildings in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Environ Earth Sci 76:516. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12665-017-6849-5","journal-title":"Environ Earth Sci"},{"key":"10483_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1088\/0952-4746\/33\/1\/151","volume":"33","author":"JG Allen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Allen JG, MacIntosh DL, Minegishi SJH, Mccarthy JF (2013) Predicted indoor radon concentrations from a Monte Carlo simulation of 1 000 000 granite countertop purchases. J Radiol Prot 33:151\u2013162. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/0952-4746\/33\/1\/151","journal-title":"J Radiol Prot"},{"issue":"5","key":"10483_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1346\/CCMN.1983.0310503","volume":"31","author":"LL Ames","year":"1983","unstructured":"Ames LL, McGarrah JE, Walker BA (1983) Sorption of uranium and radium by biotite, muscovite, and phlogopite. Clays Clay Miner 31(5):343\u2013351","journal-title":"Clays Clay Miner"},{"key":"10483_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvrad.2011.06.001","volume":"102","author":"RM Anjos","year":"2011","unstructured":"Anjos RM, Ayub J, Cid AS, Cardoso R, Lacerda T (2011) External gamma-ray dose rate and radon concentration in indoor environments covered with Brazilian granites. J Environ Radioact 102:1055\u20131061","journal-title":"J Environ Radioact"},{"issue":"2","key":"10483_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1007\/s10064-010-0319-6","volume":"70","author":"AS Aykamis","year":"2011","unstructured":"Aykamis AS, Kilic AM (2011) Natural radionuclide distribution in quartzite sands of East Mediterranean Region (Turkey). Bull Eng Geol Env 70(2):317\u2013321","journal-title":"Bull Eng Geol Env"},{"key":"10483_CR8","volume-title":"Thorium. Handbook of geochemistry","author":"G Bayer","year":"1969","unstructured":"Bayer G, Rogers JJW, Adams JAS, Haack UK (1969) Thorium. Handbook of geochemistry. Springer"},{"issue":"4","key":"10483_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1611918114","volume":"114","author":"SE Bone","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bone SE, Dynes JJ, Cliff J, Bargar JR (2017) Uranium(IV) adsorption by natural organic matter in anoxic sediments. Proc Natl Acad Sci 114(4):711\u2013716","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"issue":"3806","key":"10483_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.1126\/science.158.3806.1307","volume":"158","author":"WS Broecker","year":"1967","unstructured":"Broecker WS, Li YH, Cromwell J (1967) Radium-226 and radon-222: concentration in Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Science 158(3806):1307\u20131310","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10483_CR11","unstructured":"Bundesamt f\u00fcr Strahlenschutz (2020) Nat\u00fcrliche Radionuklide in Baumaterialien. Radioaktivit\u00e4t in Der Umwelt. https:\/\/www.bfs.de\/DE\/themen\/ion\/umwelt\/baustoffe\/radionuklide\/radionuklide_node.html"},{"issue":"4373","key":"10483_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1038\/172361a0","volume":"172","author":"PRJ Burch","year":"1953","unstructured":"Burch PRJ (1953) Specific \u03b3-activity, the branching ratio and half-life of potassium-40. Nature 172(4373):361\u2013362","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10483_CR13","unstructured":"Burkin W, Villert J (2017) Simultaneous Radon\/Thoron discrimination using the AlphaGuard. Bertin Instruments. RADN-300-DE001, 22\/02."},{"key":"10483_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-4557-6_6","volume-title":"Environmental tracers in subsurface hydrology","author":"LD Cecil","year":"2000","unstructured":"Cecil LD, Green JR (2000) Radon-222. Environmental tracers in subsurface hydrology. Springer, pp 175\u2013194"},{"issue":"11","key":"10483_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1120","DOI":"10.1119\/1.10706","volume":"45","author":"GC Chikkur","year":"1977","unstructured":"Chikkur GC, Umakantha N (1977) Half-life of thorium-232: a laboratory experiment. Am J Phys 45(11):1120\u20131122","journal-title":"Am J Phys"},{"key":"10483_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earscirev.2016.05.010","volume":"159","author":"SA Cumberland","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cumberland SA, Douglas G, Grice K, Moreau JW (2016) Uranium mobility in organic matter- rich sediments: a review of geological and geochemical processes. Earth Sci Rev 159:160\u2013185","journal-title":"Earth Sci Rev"},{"key":"10483_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2018.03.153","volume":"171","author":"G De With","year":"2018","unstructured":"De With G, Michalik B, Hoffmann B, D\u00f6se M (2018) Development of a European harmonised standard to determine the natural radioactivity concentrations in building materials. Constr Build Mater 171:913\u2013918","journal-title":"Constr Build Mater"},{"key":"10483_CR18","unstructured":"Deutscher Naturwerkstein-Verband (2019) Strahlung nat\u00fcrlicher Baustoffe. https:\/\/www.natursteinverband.de\/fileadmin\/redaktion\/downloads\/Fachinformation_PDF\/DNV-Info-Strahlung_2019.pdf. 1\u20132"},{"key":"10483_CR104","first-page":"51","volume-title":"Bestimmung der charakteristischen Grenzen (Erkennungsgrenze, Nachweisgrenze und Grenzen des \u00dcberdeckungsintervalls) bei Messungen ionisierender Strahlung - Grundlagen und Anwendungen - Teil 1: Elementare Anwendungen (ISO 11929-1:2019)","author":"DIN 11929","year":"2020","unstructured":"DIN 11929 (2020) Bestimmung der charakteristischen Grenzen (Erkennungsgrenze, Nachweisgrenze und Grenzen des \u00dcberdeckungsintervalls) bei Messungen ionisierender Strahlung - Grundlagen und Anwendungen - Teil 1: Elementare Anwendungen (ISO 11929-1:2019). Beuth Verlag, Berlin, p 51"},{"key":"10483_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.12.028","volume":"622\u2013623","author":"F Domingos","year":"2018","unstructured":"Domingos F, Pereira A (2018) Implications of alteration processes on radon emanation, radon production rate and W-Sn exploration in the Panasqueira ore district. Sci Total Environ 622\u2013623:825\u2013840. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.12.028","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"issue":"22","key":"10483_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s12665-021-10008-x","volume":"80","author":"FP Domingos","year":"2021","unstructured":"Domingos FP, S\u00eaco SL, Pereira AJ (2021) Thoron and radon exhalation and emanation from granitic rocks outcropping in the Central Iberian Zone (Portugal). Environ Earth Sci 80(22):1\u201318","journal-title":"Environ Earth Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"10483_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00403426","volume":"66","author":"J Dostal","year":"1978","unstructured":"Dostal J, Capedri S (1978) Uranium in metamorphic rocks. Contrib Miner Petrol 66(4):409\u2013414","journal-title":"Contrib Miner Petrol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10483_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1007\/s10967-011-1059-1","volume":"289","author":"IE El Aassy","year":"2011","unstructured":"El Aassy IE, El Galy MM, Nada AA, El Feky MG, Abd El Maksoud TM, Talaat SM, Ibrahim EM (2011) Effect of alteration processes on the distribution of radionuclides in uraniferous sedimentary rocks and their environmental impact, southwestern Sinai, Egypt. J Radioanal Nuclear Chem 289(1):173\u2013184","journal-title":"J Radioanal Nuclear Chem"},{"key":"10483_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1007\/s12665-018-7880-x","volume":"77","author":"H El-Gamal","year":"2018","unstructured":"El-Gamal H, Sidique E, El-Haddad M, Farid ME (2018) Assessment of the natural radioactivity and radiological hazards in granites of Mueilha area (South Eastern Desert, Egypt). Environ Earth Sci 77:691. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12665-018-7880-x","journal-title":"Environ Earth Sci"},{"key":"10483_CR24","unstructured":"European Commission (1999) Radiological protection principles concerning the natural radioactivity of building materials - Radiation Protection 112 European Commission 1\u201316. https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/energy\/sites\/ener\/files\/documents\/112.pdf"},{"key":"10483_CR25","volume-title":"A Glossary of uraniun- and thorium-bearing minerals","author":"JW Frondel","year":"1952","unstructured":"Frondel JW, Fleischer M (1952) A Glossary of uraniun- and thorium-bearing minerals, 2nd edn. United States Department of the Interior","edition":"2"},{"key":"10483_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126859","volume":"254","author":"AJ Fuller","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fuller AJ, Leary P, Gray ND, Davies HS, Mosselmans JFW, Cox F, Robinson CH, Pittman JK, McCann CM, Muir M, Graham MC, Utsunomiya S, Bower WR, Morris K, Shaw S, Bots P, Livens FR, Law GTW (2020) Organic complexation of U(VI) in reducing soils at a natural analogue site: implications for uranium transport. Chemosphere 254:126859","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10483_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1088\/0952-4746\/33\/3\/605","volume":"33","author":"M Garc\u00eda-Talavera","year":"2013","unstructured":"Garc\u00eda-Talavera M, Garc\u00eda-P\u00e9rez A, Rey C, Ramos L (2013) Mapping radon-prone areas using radiation dose rate and geological information. J Radiol Prot 33:605\u2013620. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/0952-4746\/33\/3\/605","journal-title":"J Radiol Prot"},{"key":"10483_CR28","unstructured":"Gehrcke K, Hoffmann B, Schkade U, Schmidt V, Wichterey K (2012) Nat\u00fcrliche Radioaktivit\u00e4t in Baumaterialien und die daraus resultierende Strahlenexposition. https:\/\/doris.bfs.de\/jspui\/bitstream\/urn:nbn:de:0221-201210099810\/3\/BfS_2012_SW_14_12.pdf"},{"issue":"2","key":"10483_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.31035\/cg2018099","volume":"2","author":"S Goswami","year":"2019","unstructured":"Goswami S, Kumar Upadhyay P, Saravanan B, Natarajan V, Babu Verma M (2019) Two types of uranium mineralization in Gulcheru quartzite: fracture-controlled in Ambakapalle area and litho-controlled in Tummalapalle area, Cuddapah Basin, Andhra Pradesh, India. China Geol 2(2):142\u2013156","journal-title":"China Geol"},{"key":"10483_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvrad.2014.02.004","volume":"132","author":"J Guill\u00e9n","year":"2018","unstructured":"Guill\u00e9n J, Tejado JJ, Baeza A, Corbacho JA, Mu\u00f1oz JG (2018) Assessment of radiological hazard of commercial granites from Extremadura (Spain). J Environ Radioact 132:81\u201388. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jenvrad.2014.02.004","journal-title":"J Environ Radioact"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10483_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1007\/s12517-009-0054-0","volume":"4","author":"MM Hamdy","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hamdy MM, Aly GA (2011) Preliminary results of a first record of gold and uranium in marble from Central Eastern Desert, Egypt: a witness for (syn- and post-?) metamorphic mineralization in metasediments. Arab J Geosci 4(1\u20132):25\u201343","journal-title":"Arab J Geosci"},{"issue":"3","key":"10483_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.2113\/gsecongeo.61.3.563","volume":"61","author":"KS Heier","year":"1966","unstructured":"Heier KS, Rhodes JM (1966) Thorium, uranium and potassium concentrations in granites and gneisses of the Rum Jungle complex, Northern Territory, Australia. Econ Geol 61(3):563\u2013571","journal-title":"Econ Geol"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10483_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epsl.2007.09.027","volume":"264","author":"H Hidaka","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hidaka H, Horie K, Gauthier-Lafaye F (2007) Transport and selective uptake of radium into natural clay minerals. Earth Planet Sci Lett 264(1\u20132):167\u2013176","journal-title":"Earth Planet Sci Lett"},{"key":"10483_CR34","unstructured":"IAEA (2014) The Environmental Behaviour of Radium: Revised Edition. Technical Reports 476. https:\/\/www.iaea.org\/publications\/10478\/the-environmental-behaviour-of-radium-revised-edition"},{"key":"10483_CR35","volume-title":"Uranium deposits in magmatic and metamorphic rocks","author":"IAEA","year":"1989","unstructured":"IAEA (1989) Uranium deposits in magmatic and metamorphic rocks. International Atomic Energy Agency"},{"key":"10483_CR36","unstructured":"IAEA (2014) The environmental behaviour of radium: revised edition. Technical Reports, 476"},{"key":"10483_CR37","unstructured":"Ingenieurb\u00fcro DAMP Abschirmrechner. Strahlenschutz Im Medizinischen Bereich. Retrieved 4 Dec 2020. from http:\/\/strlsch.de\/abschirmrechner.html"},{"issue":"2","key":"10483_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1346\/CCMN.1983.0310201","volume":"31","author":"A Inoue","year":"1983","unstructured":"Inoue A (1983) Potassium fixation by clay minerals during hydrothermal treatment. Clays Clay Miner 31(2):81\u201391","journal-title":"Clays Clay Miner"},{"issue":"2","key":"10483_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/S0265-931X(00)00077-1","volume":"51","author":"M Iqbal","year":"2000","unstructured":"Iqbal M, Tufail M, Mirza SM (2000) Measurement of natural radioactivity in marble found in Pakistan using a NaI(Tl) gamma-ray spectrometer. J Environ Radioact 51(2):255\u2013265","journal-title":"J Environ Radioact"},{"issue":"1\u20134","key":"10483_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-2541(84)90010-X","volume":"42","author":"M Ishikawa","year":"1984","unstructured":"Ishikawa M, Ichikuni M (1984) Uptake of sodium and potassium by calcite. Chem Geol 42(1\u20134):137\u2013146","journal-title":"Chem Geol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10483_CR41","first-page":"941","volume":"42","author":"AK Jain","year":"1972","unstructured":"Jain AK (1972) Heavy Minerals in Precambrian Quartzite of the Lesser Himalaya, Garhwal, India. SEPM J Sediment Res 42(4):941\u2013960","journal-title":"SEPM J Sediment Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10483_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1842","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-20309-0","volume":"8","author":"ES Joel","year":"2018","unstructured":"Joel ES, Maxwell O, Adewoyin OO, Ehi-Eromosele CO, Saeed MA (2018) Comparative analysis of natural radioactivity content in tiles made in Nigeria and imported tiles from China. Sci Rep 8(1):1842","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10483_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1007\/s12665-013-2538-1","volume":"71","author":"MS Khan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Khan MS (2014) Azam A (2014) Measurements of indoor radon, thoron, and their progeny using twin cup dosimeters in rural areas of Northern India. Environ Earth Sci 71:1319\u20131325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12665-013-2538-1","journal-title":"Environ Earth Sci"},{"key":"10483_CR44","unstructured":"Klepper MR, Wyant DG (1957) Notes on the geology of uranium. Geol Surv Bull 1046-F, 148"},{"issue":"7","key":"10483_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1799","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(91)90024-Y","volume":"55","author":"G Klinkhammer","year":"1991","unstructured":"Klinkhammer G, Palmer M (1991) Uranium in the oceans: where it goes and why. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 55(7):1799\u20131806","journal-title":"Geochim Cosmochim Acta"},{"issue":"5","key":"10483_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-1323(01)00048-8","volume":"37","author":"K Kovler","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kovler K, Haquin G, Manasherov V, Nee\u2019man E, Lavi N (2002) Natural radionuclides in building materials available in Israel. Build Environ 37(5):531\u2013537","journal-title":"Build Environ"},{"key":"10483_CR48","unstructured":"Larsen E, Gottfried D (1960) Uranium and thorium in selected suites of igneous rocks. Am J Sci (U.S.) 258-A, 151\u2013169"},{"key":"10483_CR49","volume-title":"CRC handbook of chemistry and physics","author":"DR Lide","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lide DR (2008). In: Lide DR (ed) CRC handbook of chemistry and physics, 89th edn. CRC Press","edition":"89"},{"issue":"6","key":"10483_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.3390\/min10060523","volume":"10","author":"C Lindeman","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lindeman C, Oglesbee T, McLeod C, Krekeler MPS (2020) Mineralogy and geochemistry of the Kinnikinic Quartzite at the Arco Hills Silica and Gold Project in Butte County, Idaho: results of an ore quality spot check and implications for potential plasma furnace processing. Minerals 10(6):523","journal-title":"Minerals"},{"key":"10483_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1080\/2314808X.2020.1781747","volume":"7","author":"B Lyngkhoi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lyngkhoi B, Nongkynrih P (2020) Radioactivity in building materials and assessment of risk of human exposure in the East Khasi Hills District, Meghalaya, India. Egypt J Basic Appl Sci 7:194\u2013209. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/2314808X.2020.1781747","journal-title":"Egypt J Basic Appl Sci"},{"key":"10483_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1007\/s12665-019-8333-x","volume":"78","author":"N Maden","year":"2019","unstructured":"Maden N, Akaryal\u0131 E, \u00c7elik N (2019) The in situ natural radionuclide (238U,232Th and 40K) concentrations in G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fhane granitoids: implications for radiological hazard levels of G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fhane city, northeast Turkey. Environ Earth Sci 78:330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12665-019-8333-x","journal-title":"Environ Earth Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"10483_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1093\/rpd\/ncy256","volume":"185","author":"MJ Madruga","year":"2019","unstructured":"Madruga MJ, Mir\u00f3 C, Reis M, Silva L (2019) Radiation Exposure from natural radionuclides in building materials. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 185(1):49\u201357","journal-title":"Radiat Prot Dosimetry"},{"key":"10483_CR54","volume-title":"STUK-B-STO","author":"M Markkanen","year":"1995","unstructured":"Markkanen M (1995) Radiation dose assessments for materials with elevated natural radioactivity. STUK-B-STO, vol 32. Finnish Centre for Radiation and Nuclear Safety"},{"issue":"5","key":"10483_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radmeas.2011.03.017","volume":"46","author":"M Marocchi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Marocchi M, Righi S, Maria Bargossi G, Gasparotto G (2011) Natural radionuclides content and radiological hazard of commercial ornamental stones: an integrated radiometric and mineralogical-petrographic study. Radiat Meas 46(5):538\u2013545","journal-title":"Radiat Meas"},{"key":"10483_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2016.07.009","volume":"133","author":"LMO Martins","year":"2016","unstructured":"Martins LMO, Gomes MEP, Teixeira RJS, Pereira AJSC, Neves LJPF (2016) Indoor radon risk associated to post-tectonic biotite granites from Vila Pouca de Aguiar pluton, northern Portugal. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 133:64\u2013175. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2016.07.009","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol Environ Saf"},{"issue":"3","key":"10483_CR57","first-page":"664","volume":"33","author":"EF McBride","year":"1963","unstructured":"McBride EF (1963) A classification of common sandstones. J Sediment Res 33(3):664\u2013669","journal-title":"J Sediment Res"},{"key":"10483_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6471","DOI":"10.3390\/app11146471","volume":"11","author":"NM Moghazy","year":"2021","unstructured":"Moghazy NM, El-Tohamy AM, Fawzy MM, Awad HA, Zakaly HMH, Issa SAM, Ene A (2021) Natural radioactivity, radiological hazard and petrographical studies on Aswan granites used as building materials in Egypt. Appl Sci 11:6471. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/app11146471","journal-title":"Appl Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"10483_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtusci.2015.03.006","volume":"10","author":"RI Mohamed","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mohamed RI, Algamdi SK, Al-shamani NS (2016) Evaluation of radionuclide concentrations and associated radiological hazard in marble indices and granite used as building materials in Al- Madinah Al-Munawarah. J Taibah Univ Sci 10(3):369\u2013374","journal-title":"J Taibah Univ Sci"},{"key":"10483_CR60","unstructured":"Murphy K (2008) What\u2019s Lurking in Your Countertop. The New York Times. https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2008\/07\/24\/garden\/24granite.html"},{"issue":"4","key":"10483_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(58)90028-0","volume":"13","author":"EG Murray","year":"1958","unstructured":"Murray EG, Adams JAS (1958) Thorium, uranium and potassium in some sandstones. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 13(4):260\u2013269","journal-title":"Geochim Cosmochim Acta"},{"issue":"3","key":"10483_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1038\/jes.2009.44","volume":"20","author":"TA Myatt","year":"2010","unstructured":"Myatt TA, Allen JG, Minegishi T, Mccarthy WB, Stewart JH, Macintosh DL, Mccarthy JF (2010) Assessing exposure to granite countertops\u2014part 1: radiation. J Eposure Sci Environ Epidemiol 20(3):273\u2013280","journal-title":"J Eposure Sci Environ Epidemiol"},{"key":"10483_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1088\/0952-4746\/28\/3\/007","volume":"28","author":"M Ngachin","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ngachin M, Garavaglia M, Giovani C, Nourreddine A, Njock MGK, Scruzzi E, Lagos L (2008) 226Ra, 232Th and 40K contents and radon exhalation rate from materials used for construction and decoration in Cameroon. J Radiol Prot 28:369\u2013378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/0952-4746\/28\/3\/007","journal-title":"J Radiol Prot"},{"key":"10483_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1088\/0952-4746\/32\/3\/349","volume":"32","author":"C Nuccetelli","year":"2012","unstructured":"Nuccetelli C, Risica S, D\u2019Alessandro M, Trevisi R (2012) Natural radioactivity in building material in the European Union: robustness of the activity concentration index I and comparison with a room model. J Radiol Prot 32:349","journal-title":"J Radiol Prot"},{"issue":"6","key":"10483_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2006.06.011","volume":"65","author":"Y \u00d6rg\u00fcn","year":"2007","unstructured":"\u00d6rg\u00fcn Y, Alt\u0131nsoy N, \u015eahin SY, G\u00fcng\u00f6r Y, G\u00fcltekin AH, Karahan G, Karac\u0131k Z (2007) Natural and anthropogenic radionuclides in rocks and beach sands from Ezine region (\u00c7anakkale), Western Anatolia. Turkey Appl Radiat Isot 65(6):739\u2013747","journal-title":"Turkey Appl Radiat Isot"},{"issue":"2","key":"10483_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.5194\/nhess-12-395-2012","volume":"12","author":"D Pereira","year":"2012","unstructured":"Pereira D, Neves L, Pereira A, Peinado M, Blanco JA, Tejado JJ (2012) A radiological study of some ornamental stones: the bluish granites from Extremadura (Spain). Nat Hazard 12(2):395\u2013401","journal-title":"Nat Hazard"},{"issue":"12","key":"10483_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3493","DOI":"10.5194\/nhess-13-3493-2013","volume":"13","author":"A Pereira","year":"2013","unstructured":"Pereira A, Pereira D, Neves L, Peinado M, Armenteros I (2013) Radiological data on building stones from a Spanish region: Castilla y Le\u00f3n. Nat Hazard 13(12):3493\u20133501","journal-title":"Nat Hazard"},{"key":"10483_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvrad.2016.08.022","volume":"166","author":"A Pereira","year":"2017","unstructured":"Pereira A, Lamas R, Miranda M, Domingos F, Neves L, Ferreira N, Costa L (2017) Estimation of the radon production rate in granite rocks and evaluation of the implications for geogenic radon potential maps: a case study in Central Portugal. J Environ Radioact 166:270\u2013277. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jenvrad.2016.08.022","journal-title":"J Environ Radioact"},{"key":"10483_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4612-1066-5","volume-title":"Sand and sandstone","author":"FJ Pettijohn","year":"1987","unstructured":"Pettijohn FJ, Potter PE, Siever R (1987) Sand and sandstone. Springer, New York"},{"key":"10483_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1007\/s41748-017-0005-y","volume":"1","author":"GS Pillai","year":"2017","unstructured":"Pillai GS, Jeevarenuka K, Hameed PS (2017) Radioactivity in building materials of Pudukkottai Geological Region, Tamil Nadu, India. Earth Syst Environ 1:4. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s41748-017-0005-y","journal-title":"Earth Syst Environ"},{"issue":"1","key":"10483_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.rpd.a031847","volume":"68","author":"JA Plant","year":"1996","unstructured":"Plant JA, Saunders AD (1996) The radioactive earth. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 68(1):25\u201336","journal-title":"Radiat Prot Dosimetry"},{"key":"10483_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1007\/s12665-013-2442-8","volume":"71","author":"A Puccini","year":"2014","unstructured":"Puccini A, Xhixha G, Cuccuru S, Oggiano G, Xhixha MK, Mantovani F, Alvarez CR, Casini L (2014) Radiological characterization of granitoid outcrops and dimension stones of the Variscan Corsica-Sardinia Batholith. Environ Earth Sci 71:393\u2013405. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12665-013-2442-8","journal-title":"Environ Earth Sci"},{"key":"10483_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1093\/rpd\/nct271","volume":"158","author":"AA Qureshi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Qureshi AA, Jadoon IAK, Wajid AA, Attique A, Masood A, Anees M, Manzoor S, Waheed A, Tubassam A (2014) Study of natural radioactivity in Mansehra granite, Pakistan: environmental concerns. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 158:466\u2013478. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/rpd\/nct271","journal-title":"Radiat Prot Dosimetry"},{"issue":"9","key":"10483_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rgg.2014.08.005","volume":"55","author":"M Rafique","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rafique M, Khan AR, Jabbar A, Rahman SU, Kazmi SJA, Nasir T, Arshed W, Matiullah (2014) Evaluation of radiation dose due to naturally occurring radionuclides in rock samples of different origins collected from Azad Kashmir. Russ Geol Geophys 55(9):1103\u20131112","journal-title":"Russ Geol Geophys"},{"key":"10483_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1111\/ina.12031","volume":"23","author":"M Richter","year":"2013","unstructured":"Richter M, Jann O, Kemski J, Schneider U, Krocker C, Hoffmann B (2013) Determination of radon exhalation from construction materials using VOC emission test chambers. Indoor Air 23:397\u2013405. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ina.12031","journal-title":"Indoor Air"},{"issue":"12","key":"10483_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2005","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(64)90144-9","volume":"28","author":"JJW Rogers","year":"1964","unstructured":"Rogers JJW, Richardson KA (1964) Thorium and uranium contents of some sandstones. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 28(12):2005\u20132011","journal-title":"Geochim Cosmochim Acta"},{"issue":"10","key":"10483_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1422","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2011.06.009","volume":"69","author":"A Sakoda","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sakoda A, Ishimori Y, Yamaoka K (2011) A comprehensive review of radon emanation measurements for mineral, rock, soil, mill tailing and fly ash. Appl Radiat Isot 69(10):1422\u20131435","journal-title":"Appl Radiat Isot"},{"key":"10483_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1007\/s10311-017-0643-1","volume":"15","author":"J Sanjurjo-S\u00e1nchez","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sanjurjo-S\u00e1nchez J, Alves C (2017) Geologic materials and gamma radiation in the built environment. Environ Chem Lett 15:561\u2013589. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10311-017-0643-1","journal-title":"Environ Chem Lett"},{"issue":"2","key":"10483_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1346\/CCMN.1972.0200208","volume":"20","author":"BL Sawhney","year":"1972","unstructured":"Sawhney BL (1972) Selective sorption and fixation of cations by clay minerals: a review. Clays Clay Miner 20(2):93\u2013100","journal-title":"Clays Clay Miner"},{"key":"10483_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1007\/s10064-013-0525-0","volume":"72","author":"N Say\u0131n","year":"2013","unstructured":"Say\u0131n N (2013) (2013) Radioactive element contents of some granites used as building materials: insights into the radiological hazards. Bull Eng Geol Environ 72:579\u2013587. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10064-013-0525-0","journal-title":"Bull Eng Geol Environ"},{"issue":"5697","key":"10483_CR81","first-page":"558","volume":"277","author":"HP Schwarcz","year":"1979","unstructured":"Schwarcz HP, Blackwell B, Goldberg P, Marks AE (1979) Uranium series dating of travertine from archaeological sites, Nahal Zin. Israel Nat 277(5697):558\u2013560","journal-title":"Israel Nat"},{"key":"10483_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvrad.2020.106272","volume":"220","author":"SL S\u00eaco","year":"2020","unstructured":"S\u00eaco SL, Domingos FP, Pereira AJSC, Duarte LV (2020) Estimation of the radon production potential in sedimentary rocks: a case study in the Lower and Middle Jurassic of the Lusitanian Basin (Portugal). J Environ Radioact 220:106272","journal-title":"J Environ Radioact"},{"issue":"4","key":"10483_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jrras.2018.06.002","volume":"11","author":"AM Shohda","year":"2018","unstructured":"Shohda AM, Draz WM, Ali FA, Yassien MA (2018) Natural radioactivity levels and evaluation of radiological hazards in some Egyptian ornamental stones. J Radiat Res Appl Sci 11(4):323\u2013327","journal-title":"J Radiat Res Appl Sci"},{"key":"10483_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-45155-3_6","volume-title":"Stone in architecture","author":"H Siedel","year":"2014","unstructured":"Siedel H, Siegesmund S (2014) Characterization of stone deterioration on buildings. Stone in architecture. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 349\u2013414"},{"key":"10483_CR84","volume-title":"Stone in architecture: properties, durability","year":"2014","unstructured":"Siegesmund S, Snethlage R (eds) (2014) Stone in architecture: properties, durability. Springer Science and Business Media"},{"key":"10483_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-45155-3_2","volume-title":"Stone in Architecture","author":"S Siegesmund","year":"2014","unstructured":"Siegesmund S, T\u00f6r\u00f6k \u00c1 (2014) Building stones. Stone in Architecture. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 11\u201395"},{"issue":"1","key":"10483_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02347283","volume":"241","author":"HS Syed","year":"1999","unstructured":"Syed HS (1999) Comparison studies adsorption of thorium and uranium on pure clay minerals and local Malaysian soil sediments. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 241(1):11\u201314","journal-title":"J Radioanal Nucl Chem"},{"issue":"10","key":"10483_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2370","DOI":"10.1016\/j.net.2020.03.013","volume":"52","author":"AC Syuryavin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Syuryavin AC, Park S, Nirwono MM, Lee SH (2020) Indoor radon and thoron from building materials: analysis of humidity, air exchange rate, and dose assessment. Nucl Eng Technol 52(10):2370\u20132378","journal-title":"Nucl Eng Technol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10483_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(64)90129-2","volume":"28","author":"SR Taylor","year":"1964","unstructured":"Taylor SR (1964) Abundance of chemical elements in the continental crust: a new table. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 28(8):1273\u20131285","journal-title":"Geochim Cosmochim Acta"},{"key":"10483_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3133\/pp614E","volume-title":"Distribution of thorium, uranium, and potassium in igneous rocks of the boulder Batholith region, Montana, and its bearing on radiogenic heat production and heat flow","author":"RI Tilling","year":"1969","unstructured":"Tilling RI, Gottfried D (1969) Distribution of thorium, uranium, and potassium in igneous rocks of the boulder Batholith region, Montana, and its bearing on radiogenic heat production and heat flow. US Geological Survey Professional Paper"},{"key":"10483_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1007\/s13762-013-0470-2","volume":"12","author":"N Todorovic","year":"2015","unstructured":"Todorovic N, Bikit I, Krmar M, Mrdja D, Hansman J, Nikolov J, Forkapic VM, Bikit K, Jakonic I (2015) Natural radioactivity in raw materials used in building industry in Serbia. Int J Environ Sci Technol 12:705\u2013716. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13762-013-0470-2","journal-title":"Int J Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10483_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvrad.2011.10.001","volume":"105","author":"R Trevisi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Trevisi R, Risica S, D\u2019Alessandro M, Paradiso D, Nuccetelli N (2012) Natural radioactivity in building materials in the European Union: a database and an estimate of radiological significance. J Environ Radioact 105:11\u201320","journal-title":"J Environ Radioact"},{"key":"10483_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anucene.2012.01.018","volume":"44","author":"S Turhan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Turhan S (2012) Estimation of possible radiological hazards from natural radioactivity in commercially-utilized ornamental and countertops granite tiles. Ann Nucl Energy 44:34\u201339. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.anucene.2012.01.018","journal-title":"Ann Nucl Energy"},{"issue":"2","key":"10483_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1093\/rpd\/ncp145","volume":"136","author":"S Turhan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Turhan S, Aykamis AS, Kilic AM (2009) Natural radionuclide content and radiological hazard associated with usage of quartzite sand samples from Ovacik-Silifke-Mersin open pit as building material in Turkey. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 136(2):101\u2013107","journal-title":"Radiat Prot Dosimetry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10483_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1051\/radiopro\/2015020","volume":"50","author":"S Turhan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Turhan S, At\u0131c\u0131 E, Varinlio\u011flu A (2015) Radiometric analysis of volcanic tuff stones used as ornamental and structural building materials in Turkey and evaluation of radiological risk. Radioprotection 50(4):273\u2013280","journal-title":"Radioprotection"},{"issue":"3","key":"10483_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/S0265-931X(03)00106-1","volume":"70","author":"M Tzortzis","year":"2003","unstructured":"Tzortzis M, Tsertos H, Christofides S, Christodoulides G (2003) Gamma radiation measurements and dose rates in commercially-used natural tiling rocks (granites). J Environ Radioact 70(3):223\u2013235","journal-title":"J Environ Radioact"},{"key":"10483_CR95","volume-title":"Radon mitigation standards","author":"US EPA","year":"1993","unstructured":"US EPA (1993) Radon mitigation standards. US Environmental Protection Agency"},{"key":"10483_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/S0160-4120(96)00088-8","volume":"22","author":"P-S Weng","year":"1996","unstructured":"Weng P-S (1996) Distribution of naturally occurring radionuclides in the mountainous areas in Taiwan. Environ Int 22:49\u201354","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"key":"10483_CR97","unstructured":"WHO (2009) WHO Handbook on indoor radon. A public health perspective. WHO Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data NLM Classification, WN 615.World Nuclear Association. (2020). Geology of Uranium Deposits. Uranium Resources. https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/bitstream\/handle\/10665\/44149\/9789241547673_eng.pdf;jsessionid=776D7E1EDB7AF15072BD1AA35EF83903?sequence=1"},{"key":"10483_CR98","unstructured":"World Nuclear Association (2020) Geology of Uranium Deposits. Uranium Resources. https:\/\/world-nuclear.org\/information-library\/nuclear-fuel-cycle\/uranium-resources\/geology-of-uranium-deposits.aspx"},{"issue":"6","key":"10483_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1048","DOI":"10.3390\/sym12061048","volume":"12","author":"F Yalcin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yalcin F, Ilbeyli N, Demirbilek M, Yalcin MG, Gunes A, Kaygusuz A, Ozmen SF (2020) Estimation of natural radionuclides\u2019 concentration of the Plutonic Rocks in the Sakarya Zone, Turkey using multivariate statistical methods. Symmetry 12(6):1048","journal-title":"Symmetry"},{"issue":"11","key":"10483_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5931","DOI":"10.1021\/es300155j","volume":"46","author":"Y Yang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Yang Y, Saiers JE, Xu N, Minasian SG, Tyliszczak T, Kozimor SA, Shuh DK, Barnett MO (2012) Impact of natural organic matter on uranium transport through saturated geologic materials: from molecular to column scale. Environ Sci Technol 46(11):5931\u20135938","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"issue":"09","key":"10483_CR101","first-page":"24","volume":"04","author":"S Zeghib","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zeghib S, Aydarous AS, Al-Qahtany A (2016) Radiological hazard assessment of raw granites from Ranyah, KSA. J Geosci Environ Prot 04(09):24\u201338","journal-title":"J Geosci Environ Prot"}],"container-title":["Environmental Earth Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12665-022-10483-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12665-022-10483-w\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12665-022-10483-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,15]],"date-time":"2022-08-15T11:14:23Z","timestamp":1660562063000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12665-022-10483-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,20]]},"references-count":102,"journal-issue":{"issue":"15","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10483"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12665-022-10483-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["1866-6280","1866-6299"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1866-6280","type":"print"},{"value":"1866-6299","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"19 January 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 June 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 July 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that there are no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}],"article-number":"383"}}