{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T16:39:46Z","timestamp":1740155986780,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":84,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,11]],"date-time":"2023-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1694390400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,11]],"date-time":"2023-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1694390400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"project elephant division, ministry of environment, forests and climate change, new delhi, india"},{"name":"asian rhino and elephant action strategy, wwf-nepal"},{"name":"operation eye of the tiger, dehradun, india"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001501","name":"university grants commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001501","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Conservation Genet Resour"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s12686-023-01316-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,11]],"date-time":"2023-09-11T07:01:56Z","timestamp":1694415716000},"page":"163-173","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Identifying sex and individual from faecal DNA of the Asian elephant using a single multiplex PCR for population monitoring"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4518-9607","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rahul","family":"De","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9862-9218","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reeta","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9472-6897","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Parag","family":"Nigam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Amirtharaj Christy","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0040-6214","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bilal","family":"Habib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2284-8796","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Surendra Prakash","family":"Goyal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"1316_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1007\/s10592-010-0148-y","volume":"12","author":"MA Ahlering","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ahlering MA, Hedges S, Johnson A, Tyson M, Schuttler SG, Eggert LS (2011a) Genetic diversity, social structure, and conservation value of the elephants of the Nakai Plateau, Lao PDR, based on non-invasive sampling. Conserv Genet 12:413\u2013422. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10592-010-0148-y","journal-title":"Conserv Genet"},{"key":"1316_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-0998.2011.03030.x","volume":"11","author":"MA Ahlering","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ahlering MA, Hailer F, Roberts MT, Foley C (2011b) A simple and accurate method to sex savannah, forest and Asian elephants using noninvasive sampling techniques. Mol Ecol Resour 11:831\u2013834. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1755-0998.2011.03030.x","journal-title":"Mol Ecol Resour"},{"key":"1316_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-86010-x","volume":"11","author":"L Aznar-Cormano","year":"2021","unstructured":"Aznar-Cormano L, Bonnald J, Krief S, Guma N, Debruyne R (2021) Molecular sexing of degraded DNA from elephants and mammoths: a genotyping assay relevant both to conservation biology and to paleogenetics. Sci Rep 11:1\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-021-86010-x","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"1316_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e8482","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.8482","volume":"8","author":"S Bhatt","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bhatt S, Biswas S, Karanth K, Pandav B, Mondol S (2020) Genetic analyses reveal population structure and recent decline in leopards (Panthera pardus fusca) across the indian subcontinent. PeerJ 8:e8482. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7717\/peerj.8482","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"1316_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1007\/s10344-010-0471-0","volume":"57","author":"U Borthakur","year":"2011","unstructured":"Borthakur U, Barman RD, Das C, Basumatary A, Talukdar A, Ahmed MF, Talukdar BK, Bharali R (2011) Noninvasive genetic monitoring of tiger (Panthera tigris tigris) population of Orang National Park in the Brahmaputra floodplain, Assam, India. Eur J Wildl Res 57:603\u2013613. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10344-010-0471-0","journal-title":"Eur J Wildl Res"},{"key":"1316_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.5897\/IJBC12.067","volume":"5","author":"U Borthakur","year":"2013","unstructured":"Borthakur U, Saini RP, Gupta SS, Jakher R, Das C, Das AK, Sarma PK, Talukdar BK, Bharali R (2013) Noninvasive genetic assessment of population status of tigers (Panthera tigris tigris) in Buxa Tiger Reserve, West Bengal, India. Int J Biodivers Conserv 5:27\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5897\/IJBC12.067","journal-title":"Int J Biodivers Conserv"},{"key":"1316_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1644\/13-MAMM-A-039","volume":"95","author":"R Caniglia","year":"2014","unstructured":"Caniglia R, Fabbri E, Galaverni M, Milanesi P, Randi E (2014) Noninvasive sampling and genetic variability, pack structure, and dynamics in an expanding wolf population. J Mammal 95:41\u201359. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1644\/13-MAMM-A-039","journal-title":"J Mammal"},{"key":"1316_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1007\/s42991-020-00060-8","volume":"100","author":"TS Carrasco","year":"2020","unstructured":"Carrasco TS, de Lima RC, Botta S, Machado R, Sim\u00f5es-Lopes PC, Ott PH, Secchi ER (2020) Temporal and individual variation in the diet of the neotropical otter, Lontra longicaudis (Olfers, 1818) (Carnivora, Mustelidae), as revealed by stable isotope analysis of vibrissae. Mamm Biol 100:505\u2013520. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s42991-020-00060-8","journal-title":"Mamm Biol"},{"key":"1316_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1007\/s10592-014-0587-y","volume":"15","author":"S Chakraborty","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chakraborty S, Boominathan D, Desai AA, Vidya TNC (2014) Using genetic analysis to estimate population size, sex ratio, and social organization in an Asian elephant population in conflict with humans in Alur, southern India. Conserv Genet 15:897\u2013907. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10592-014-0587-y","journal-title":"Conserv Genet"},{"key":"1316_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msl191","volume":"24","author":"MP Chapuis","year":"2007","unstructured":"Chapuis MP, Estoup A (2007) Microsatellite null alleles and estimation of population differentiation. Mol Biol Evol 24:621\u2013631. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/molbev\/msl191","journal-title":"Mol Biol Evol"},{"key":"1316_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2664.2011.01967.x","volume":"48","author":"PI Chiyo","year":"2011","unstructured":"Chiyo PI, Moss CJ, Archie EA, Hollister-Smith JA, Alberts SC (2011) Using molecular and observational techniques to estimate the number and raiding patterns of crop-raiding elephants. J Appl Ecol 48:788\u2013796. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2664.2011.01967.x","journal-title":"J Appl Ecol"},{"key":"1316_CR54","unstructured":"R Core Team (2019) R: a language and environment for statistical computing. Available at: http:\/\/www.R-project.org\/. Accessed 29 Nov 2019"},{"key":"1316_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2003","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-294X.2003.01868.x","volume":"12","author":"S Creel","year":"2003","unstructured":"Creel S, Spong G, Sands JL, Rotella J, Zeigle J, Joe L, Murphy KM, Smith D (2003) Population size estimation in Yellowstone wolves with error-prone noninvasive microsatellite genotypes. Mol Ecol 12:2003\u20132009. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1365-294X.2003.01868.x","journal-title":"Mol Ecol"},{"key":"1316_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e01888","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gecco.2021.e01888","volume":"32","author":"R De","year":"2021","unstructured":"De R, Sharma R, Davidar P et al (2021) Pan-India population genetics signifies the importance of habitat connectivity for wild Asian elephant conservation. Glob Ecol Conserv 32:e01888. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gecco.2021.e01888","journal-title":"Glob Ecol Conserv"},{"key":"1316_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12686-022-01287-y","author":"R De","year":"2022","unstructured":"De R, Nigam P, Williams AC, Goyal SP (2022) Beyond consensus genotyping: a case study on the Asian elephant Elephas maximus. Conserv Genet Resour. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12686-022-01287-y","journal-title":"Conserv Genet Resour"},{"key":"1316_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1111\/mam.12052","volume":"46","author":"GA de Groot","year":"2016","unstructured":"de Groot GA, Nowak C, Skrbin\u0161ek T et al (2016) Decades of population genetic research reveal the need for harmonization of molecular markers: the grey wolf Canis lupus as a case study. Mamm Rev 46:44\u201359. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/mam.12052","journal-title":"Mamm Rev"},{"key":"1316_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1742","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocon.2011.03.011","volume":"144","author":"S de Silva","year":"2011","unstructured":"de Silva S, Ranjeewa ADG, Weerakoon D, de Silva S, Ranjeewa ADG, Weerakoon D (2011) Demography of Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) at Uda Walawe National Park, Sri Lanka based on identified individuals. Biol Conserv 144:1742\u20131752. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biocon.2011.03.011","journal-title":"Biol Conserv"},{"key":"1316_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2307\/2984875","volume":"39","author":"AP Dempster","year":"1977","unstructured":"Dempster AP, Laird NM, Rubin DB (1977) Maximum likelihood from incomplete data via the EM algorithm. J R Stat Soc 39:1\u201338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/2984875","journal-title":"J R Stat Soc"},{"key":"1316_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1389","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-294X.2003.01822.x","volume":"12","author":"LS Eggert","year":"2003","unstructured":"Eggert LS, Eggert JA, Woodruff DS (2003) Estimating population sizes for elusive animals: the forest elephants of Kakum National Park, Ghana. Mol Ecol 12:1389\u20131402. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1365-294X.2003.01822.x","journal-title":"Mol Ecol"},{"key":"1316_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-294X.2000.00890.x","volume":"9","author":"HB Ernest","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ernest HB, Penedo MCT, May BP, Boyce MSyvanen WM (2000) Molecular tracking of mountain lions in the Yosemite Valley region in California: genetic analysis using microsatellites and faecal DNA. Mol Ecol 9:433\u2013441. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1365-294X.2000.00890.x","journal-title":"Mol Ecol"},{"key":"1316_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-8278","volume":"1","author":"P Fernando","year":"2001","unstructured":"Fernando P, Melnick DJ (2001) Molecular sexing eutherian mammals. Mol Ecol Notes 1:350\u2013353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1471-8278","journal-title":"Mol Ecol Notes"},{"key":"1316_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1093\/jhered\/esg022","volume":"94","author":"P Fernando","year":"2003","unstructured":"Fernando P, Vidya TNC, Rajapakse C, Dangolla A, Melnick DJ (2003a) Reliable noninvasive genotyping: fantasy or reality? J Hered 94:115\u2013123. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jhered\/esg022","journal-title":"J Hered"},{"key":"1316_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0000006","volume":"1","author":"P Fernando","year":"2003","unstructured":"Fernando P, Vidya TNC, Payne J, Stuewe M, Davison G, Alfred RJ, Andau P, Bosi E, Kilbourn A, Melnick DJ (2003b) DNA analysis indicates that Asian elephants are native to Borneo and are therefore a high priority for conservation. PLoS Biol 1:110\u2013115. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pbio.0000006","journal-title":"PLoS Biol"},{"key":"1316_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnc.2012.01.006","volume":"20","author":"\u00d8 Flagstad","year":"2012","unstructured":"Flagstad \u00d8, Pradhan NMB, Kvernstuen LG, Wegge P (2012) Conserving small and fragmented populations of large mammals: non-invasive genetic sampling in an isolated population of Asian elephants in Nepal. J Nat Conserv 20:181\u2013190. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jnc.2012.01.006","journal-title":"J Nat Conserv"},{"key":"1316_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1007\/s10764-014-9791-3","volume":"35","author":"N Galvis","year":"2014","unstructured":"Galvis N, Link A, Di Fiore A (2014) A novel use of camera traps to study demography and life history in wild animals: a case study of spider monkeys (Ateles belzebuth). Int J Primatol 35:908\u2013918. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10764-014-9791-3","journal-title":"Int J Primatol"},{"key":"1316_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1215","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1739.2005.00105.x","volume":"19","author":"A Garner","year":"2005","unstructured":"Garner A, Rachlow JL, Hicks JF (2005) Patterns of genetic diversity and its loss in mammalian populations. Conserv Biol 19:1215\u20131221. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1523-1739.2005.00105.x","journal-title":"Conserv Biol"},{"key":"1316_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsigen.2015.03.014","volume":"18","author":"P Gill","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gill P, Haned H, Bleka O, Hansson O, D\u00f8rum G, Egeland T (2015) Genotyping and interpretation of STR-DNA: Low-template, mixtures and database matches\u2014twenty years of research and development. Forensic Sci Int Genet 18:100\u2013117. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fsigen.2015.03.014","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int Genet"},{"key":"1316_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocon.2016.02.008","volume":"196","author":"B Goossens","year":"2016","unstructured":"Goossens B, Sharma R, Othman N, Kun-Rodrigues C, Sakong R, Ancrenaz M, Ambu LN, Jue NK, O\u2019Neill RJ, Bruford MW, Chikhi L (2016) Habitat fragmentation and genetic diversity in natural populations of the Bornean elephant: implications for conservation. Biol Conserv 196:80\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biocon.2016.02.008","journal-title":"Biol Conserv"},{"key":"1316_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-44795-y","volume":"9","author":"VR Goswami","year":"2019","unstructured":"Goswami VR, Yadava MK, Vasudev D, Prasad PK, Sharma P, Jathanna D (2019) Towards a reliable assessment of Asian elephant population parameters: the application of photographic spatial capture\u2013recapture sampling in a priority floodplain ecosystem. Sci Rep 9:1\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-019-44795-y","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"1316_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1007\/s10592-014-0579-y","volume":"15","author":"TNE Gray","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gray TNE, Vidya TNC, Potdar S, Bharti DK, Sovanna P (2014) Population size estimation of an Asian elephant population in eastern Cambodia through non-invasive mark-recapture sampling. Conserv Genet 15:803\u2013810. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10592-014-0579-y","journal-title":"Conserv Genet"},{"key":"1316_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1556-4029.2006.00154.x","volume":"51","author":"SK Gupta","year":"2006","unstructured":"Gupta SK, Thangaraj K, Singh L (2006) A simple and inexpensive molecular method for sexing and identification of the forensic samples of elephant origin. J Forensic Sci 51:805\u2013807. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1556-4029.2006.00154.x","journal-title":"J Forensic Sci"},{"key":"1316_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocon.2012.12.010","volume":"159","author":"S Hedges","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hedges S, Johnson A, Ahlering MA, Tyson M, Eggert LS (2013) Accuracy, precision, and cost-effectiveness of conventional dung density and fecal DNA based survey methods to estimate Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) population size and structure. Biol Conserv 159:101\u2013108. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biocon.2012.12.010","journal-title":"Biol Conserv"},{"key":"1316_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1644\/10-mamm-a-036.1","volume":"92","author":"JE Jane\u010dka","year":"2011","unstructured":"Jane\u010dka JE, Munkhtsog B, Jackson RM, Naranbaatar G, Mallon DP, Murphy WJ (2011) Comparison of noninvasive genetic and camera-trapping techniques for surveying snow leopards. J Mammal 92:771\u2013783. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1644\/10-mamm-a-036.1","journal-title":"J Mammal"},{"key":"1316_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1247","DOI":"10.1007\/s00300-020-02705-3","volume":"43","author":"AC Johnson","year":"2020","unstructured":"Johnson AC, Derocher AE (2020) Variation in habitat use of Beaufort Sea polar bears. Polar Biol 43:1247\u20131260. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00300-020-02705-3","journal-title":"Polar Biol"},{"key":"1316_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-0998.2009.02787.x","volume":"10","author":"OR Jones","year":"2010","unstructured":"Jones OR, Wang J (2010) COLONY: a program for parentage and sibship inference from multilocus genotype data. Mol Ecol Resour 10:551\u2013555. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1755-0998.2009.02787.x","journal-title":"Mol Ecol Resour"},{"key":"1316_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-294X.2007.03089.x","volume":"16","author":"ST Kalinowski","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kalinowski ST, Taper ML, Marshall TC (2007) Revising how the computer program CERVUS accommodates genotyping error increases success in paternity assignment. Mol Ecol 16:1099\u20131106. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-294X.2007.03089.x","journal-title":"Mol Ecol"},{"key":"1316_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1111\/2041-210X.12067","volume":"4","author":"K Keenan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Keenan K, Mcginnity P, Cross TF, Crozier WW, Prod\u00f6hl PA (2013) DiveRsity: an R package for the estimation and exploration of population genetics parameters and their associated errors. Methods Ecol Evol 4:782\u2013788. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/2041-210X.12067","journal-title":"Methods Ecol Evol"},{"key":"1316_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-8286.2007.01916.x","volume":"8","author":"C Kongrit","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kongrit C, Siripunkaw C, Brockelman WY, Akkarapatumwong V, Wright TF, Eggert LS (2008) Isolation and characterization of dinucleotide microsatellite loci in the Asian elephant (Elephas maximus). Mol Ecol Resour 8:175\u2013177. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1471-8286.2007.01916.x","journal-title":"Mol Ecol Resour"},{"key":"1316_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1490","DOI":"10.1002\/jwmg.604","volume":"77","author":"S Lampa","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lampa S, Henle K, Klenke R, Hoehn M, Gruber B (2013) How to overcome genotyping errors in non-invasive genetic mark-recapture population size estimation\u2014a\u00a0review of available methods illustrated by a case study. J Wildl Manage 77:1490\u20131511. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jwmg.604","journal-title":"J Wildl Manage"},{"key":"1316_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0125684","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0125684","volume":"10","author":"S Lampa","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lampa S, Mihoub J-B, Gruber B, Klenke R, Henle K (2015) Non-invasive genetic mark-recapture as a means to study population sizes and marking behaviour of the elusive Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra). PLoS ONE 10:e0125684. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0125684","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"1316_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1534\/genetics.113.154161","volume":"195","author":"B Li","year":"2013","unstructured":"Li B, Kimmel M (2013) Factors influencing ascertainment bias of microsatellite allele sizes: impact on estimates of mutation rates. Genetics 195:563\u2013572. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1534\/genetics.113.154161","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"1316_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1007\/s12686-020-01175-3","volume":"13","author":"K M\u00e4ck","year":"2021","unstructured":"M\u00e4ck K, Scharbert A, Schulz R, Sahm R (2021) A new approach combining forensic thresholds and a multiple-tubes approach to unravel false microsatellite profiles from cross-contaminated sample material. Conserv Genet Resour 13:89\u201395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12686-020-01175-3","journal-title":"Conserv Genet Resour"},{"key":"1316_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6069","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkh946","volume":"32","author":"T Matsumoto","year":"2004","unstructured":"Matsumoto T, Yukawa W, Nozaki Y, Nakashige R, Shinya M, Makino S, Yagura M, Ikuta T, Imanishi T, Inoko H, Tamiya G, Gojobori T (2004) Novel algorithm for automated genotyping of microsatellites. Nucleic Acids Res 32:6069\u20136077. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/nar\/gkh946","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"1316_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.2307\/2641002","volume":"10","author":"LS Mills","year":"2000","unstructured":"Mills LS, Citta JJ, Lair KP, Schwartz MK, Tallmon DA (2000) Estimating animal abundance using noninvasive DNA sampling: promise and pitfalls. Ecol Appl 10:283\u2013294. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/2641002","journal-title":"Ecol Appl"},{"key":"1316_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.1002\/jwmg.21080","volume":"80","author":"DJ Morin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Morin DJ, Kelly MJ, Waits LP (2016) Monitoring coyote population dynamics with fecal DNA and spatial capture\u2013recapture. J Wildl Manage 80:824\u2013836. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jwmg.21080","journal-title":"J Wildl Manage"},{"key":"1316_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7998.2006.00225.x","volume":"271","author":"RC Morley","year":"2007","unstructured":"Morley RC, van Aarde RJ (2007) Estimating abundance for a savanna elephant population using mark-resight methods: a case study for the Tembe Elephant Park, South Africa. J Zool 271:418\u2013427. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1469-7998.2006.00225.x","journal-title":"J Zool"},{"key":"1316_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1472-4642.2008.00509.x","volume":"14","author":"J Munshi-South","year":"2008","unstructured":"Munshi-South J, Tchignoumba L, Brown J, Abbondanza N, Maldonado JE, Henderson A, Alonso A (2008) Physiological indicators of stress in African forest elephants (Loxodonta africana cyclotis) in relation to petroleum operations in Gabon, Central Africa. Divers Distrib 14:995\u20131003. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1472-4642.2008.00509.x","journal-title":"Divers Distrib"},{"key":"1316_CR46","first-page":"951","volume":"28","author":"MA Murphy","year":"2000","unstructured":"Murphy MA, Waits LP, Kendall KC (2000) Quantitative evaluation of fecal drying methods for brown bear DNA analysis. Wildl Soc Bull 28:951\u2013957","journal-title":"Wildl Soc Bull"},{"key":"1316_CR47","first-page":"1436","volume":"7","author":"S Nyakaana","year":"1998","unstructured":"Nyakaana S, Arctander P (1998) Isolation and characterization of microsatellite loci in the African elephant, Loxodonta africana. Mol Ecol 7:1436\u20131437","journal-title":"Mol Ecol"},{"key":"1316_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e02695","DOI":"10.1002\/ecs2.2695","volume":"10","author":"EG Ofstad","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ofstad EG, Herfindal I, Solberg EJ, Heim M, Rolandsen CM, S\u00e6ther BE (2019) Use, selection, and home range properties: complex patterns of individual habitat utilization. Ecosphere 10:e02695. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ecs2.2695","journal-title":"Ecosphere"},{"key":"1316_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10661-019-7696-5","volume":"191","author":"H Padalia","year":"2019","unstructured":"Padalia H, Ghosh S, Reddy CS, Nandy S, Singh S, Kumar AS (2019) Assessment of historical forest cover loss and fragmentation in Asian elephant ranges in India. Environ Monit Assess 191:1\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10661-019-7696-5","journal-title":"Environ Monit Assess"},{"key":"1316_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.egg.2022.100132","volume":"24","author":"J Parida","year":"2022","unstructured":"Parida J, Sharma R, De R, Kalam T, Sedhupathy A, Digal DK, Reddy PA, Goyal SP, Puyravaud J-P, Davidar P (2022) Genetic characterisation of fragmented Asian elephant populations with one recent extinction in its eastern-central Indian range. Ecol Genet Genomics 24:100132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.egg.2022.100132","journal-title":"Ecol Genet Genomics"},{"key":"1316_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-8286.2005.01155.x","volume":"6","author":"R Peakall","year":"2006","unstructured":"Peakall R, Smouse PE (2006) GENALEX 6: genetic analysis in Excel. Population genetic software for teaching and research. Mol Ecol Notes 6:288\u2013295. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1471-8286.2005.01155.x","journal-title":"Mol Ecol Notes"},{"key":"1316_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2537","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bts460","volume":"28","author":"R Peakall","year":"2012","unstructured":"Peakall R, Smouse PE (2012) GenALEx 6.5: genetic analysis in Excel. Population genetic software for teaching and research-an update. Bioinformatics 28:2537\u20132539. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bts460","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"1316_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.5735\/086.056.0101","volume":"56","author":"J Poutanen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Poutanen J, Pusenius J, Wikstr\u00f6m M, Brommer JE (2019) Estimating population density of the white-tailed deer in Finland using non-invasive genetic sampling and spatial capture\u2013recapture. Ann Zool Fenn 56:1\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5735\/086.056.0101","journal-title":"Ann Zool Fenn"},{"key":"1316_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.4404\/hystrix-00271-2019","volume":"31","author":"M Rehnus","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rehnus M, Bollmann K (2020) Quantification of sex-related diet composition by free-ranging mountain hares (Lepus timidus). Hystrix 31:80\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4404\/hystrix-00271-2019","journal-title":"Hystrix"},{"key":"1316_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1111\/1755-0998.12590","volume":"17","author":"AP Rothstein","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rothstein AP, McLaughlin R, Acevedo-Gutierrez A, Schwarz D, Acevedo-Guti\u00e9rrez A, Schwarz D (2016) Wisepair: a computer program for individual matching in genetic tracking studies. Mol Ecol Resour 17:267\u2013277. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1755-0998.12590","journal-title":"Mol Ecol Resour"},{"key":"1316_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-8286.2007.01931.x","volume":"8","author":"F Rousset","year":"2008","unstructured":"Rousset F (2008) GENEPOP\u2019007: a complete re-implementation of the GENEPOP software for Windows and Linux. Mol Ecol Resour 8:103\u2013106. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1471-8286.2007.01931.x","journal-title":"Mol Ecol Resour"},{"key":"1316_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1007\/s10344-012-0683-6","volume":"59","author":"A Ruiz-Gonz\u00e1lez","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ruiz-Gonz\u00e1lez A, Madeira MJ, Randi E, Urra F, G\u00f3mez-Moliner BJ (2013) Non-invasive genetic sampling of sympatric marten species (Martes martes and Martes foina): assessing species and individual identification success rates on faecal DNA genotyping. Eur J Wildl Res 59:371\u2013386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10344-012-0683-6","journal-title":"Eur J Wildl Res"},{"key":"1316_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s40850-017-0025-y","volume":"2","author":"A Sadhu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sadhu A, Jayam PPC, Qureshi Q, Shekhawat RS, Sharma S, Jhala YV (2017) Demography of a small, isolated tiger (Panthera tigris tigris) population in a semi-arid region of western India. BMC Zool 2:1\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40850-017-0025-y","journal-title":"BMC Zool"},{"key":"1316_CR60","unstructured":"Salin F (2010) Autobin v0.9. Available at: http:\/\/www.4.bordeaux-aquitaine.inra.fr\/biogeco\/Resources\/Logiciels\/Autobin. Accessed 26 April 2016"},{"key":"1316_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-2046(01)00231-6","volume":"58","author":"EW Sanderson","year":"2002","unstructured":"Sanderson EW, Redford KH, Vedder A, Coppolillo PB, Ward SE (2002) A conceptual model for conservation planning based on landscape species requirements. Landsc Urban Plan 58:41\u201356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0169-2046(01)00231-6","journal-title":"Landsc Urban Plan"},{"key":"1316_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1002\/jwmg.92","volume":"75","author":"MA Sawaya","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sawaya MA, Ruth TK, Creel S, Rotella JJ, Stetz JB, Quigley HB, Kalinowski ST (2011) Evaluation of noninvasive genetic sampling methods for cougars in Yellowstone National Park. J Wildl Manag 75:612\u2013622. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jwmg.92","journal-title":"J Wildl Manag"},{"key":"1316_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1007\/s10592-005-9106-5","volume":"7","author":"M Scandura","year":"2006","unstructured":"Scandura M, Capitani C, Iacolina L, Marco A (2006) An empirical approach for reliable microsatellite genotyping of wolf DNA from multiple noninvasive sources. Conserv Genet 7:813\u2013823. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10592-005-9106-5","journal-title":"Conserv Genet"},{"key":"1316_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1139\/cjz-2013-0302","volume":"92","author":"SA Sethi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sethi SA, Cook GM, Lemons P, Wenburg J (2014) Guidelines for MSAT and SNP panels that lead to high-quality data for genetic mark-recapture studies. Can J Zool 92:515\u2013526. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1139\/cjz-2013-0302","journal-title":"Can J Zool"},{"key":"1316_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-17042-5","volume":"8","author":"R Sharma","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sharma R, Goossens B, Heller R, Rasteiro R, Othman N, Bruford MW, Chikhi L (2018) Genetic analyses favour an ancient and natural origin of elephants on Borneo. Sci Rep 8:1\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-017-17042-5","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"1316_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3637","DOI":"10.1007\/s10531-018-1618-7","volume":"27","author":"KR Sprogis","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sprogis KR, Christiansen F, Raudino HC, Kobryn HT, Wells RS, Bejder L (2018) Sex-specific differences in the seasonal habitat use of a coastal dolphin population. Biodivers Conserv 27:3637\u20133656. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10531-018-1618-7","journal-title":"Biodivers Conserv"},{"key":"1316_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1090.2006.00001.x","volume":"40","author":"R Sukumar","year":"2006","unstructured":"Sukumar R (2006) A brief review of the status, distribution and biology of wild Asian elephants. Int Zoo Yearb 40:1\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1748-1090.2006.00001.x","journal-title":"Int Zoo Yearb"},{"key":"1316_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3189","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/24.16.3189","volume":"24","author":"P Taberlet","year":"1996","unstructured":"Taberlet P, Griffin S, Goossens B, Questiau S, Manceau V, Escaravage N, Waits LP, Bouvet J (1996) Reliable genotyping of samples with very low DNA quantities using PCR. Nucleic Acids Res 24:3189\u20133194. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/nar\/24.16.3189","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"1316_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-8286.2002.00228.x-i2","volume":"2","author":"N Vali\u00e8re","year":"2002","unstructured":"Vali\u00e8re N (2002) GIMLET: a computer program for analysing genetic individual identification data. Mol Ecol Notes 2:377\u2013379","journal-title":"Mol Ecol Notes"},{"key":"1316_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1007\/s10164-005-0144-8","volume":"23","author":"TNC Vidya","year":"2005","unstructured":"Vidya TNC, Sukumar R (2005a) Social organization of the Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) in southern India inferred from microsatellite DNA. J Ethol 23:205\u2013210. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10164-005-0144-8","journal-title":"J Ethol"},{"key":"1316_CR74","first-page":"489","volume":"88","author":"TNC Vidya","year":"2005","unstructured":"Vidya TNC, Sukumar R (2005b) Amplification success and feasibility of using microsatellite loci amplified from dung to population genetic studies of the Asian elephant (Elephas maximus). Curr Sci 88:489\u2013492","journal-title":"Curr Sci"},{"key":"1316_CR72","first-page":"1074","volume":"85","author":"TNC Vidya","year":"2003","unstructured":"Vidya TNC, Kumar VR, Arivazhagan C, Sukumar R (2003) Application of molecular sexing to free-ranging Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) populations in southern India. Curr Sci 85:1074\u20131077","journal-title":"Curr Sci"},{"key":"1316_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.hdy.6800568","volume":"94","author":"T Vidya","year":"2005","unstructured":"Vidya T, Fernando P, Melnick D, Sukumar R (2005) Population differentiation within and among Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) populations in southern India. Heredity 94:71\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/sj.hdy.6800568","journal-title":"Heredity"},{"key":"1316_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1471","DOI":"10.1007\/s10592-007-9301-7","volume":"8","author":"T Vidya","year":"2007","unstructured":"Vidya T, Varma S, Dang NX, Van Thanh T, Sukumar R (2007) Minimum population size, genetic diversity, and social structure of the Asian elephant in Cat Tien National Park and its adjoining areas, Vietnam, based on molecular genetic analyses. Conserv Genet 8:1471\u20131478. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10592-007-9301-7","journal-title":"Conserv Genet"},{"key":"1316_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2008.1494","volume":"276","author":"TNC Vidya","year":"2009","unstructured":"Vidya TNC, Sukumar R, Melnick DJ (2009) Range-wide mtDNA phylogeography yields insights into the origins of Asian elephants. Proc R Soc B Biol Sci 276:893\u2013902. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/rspb.2008.1494","journal-title":"Proc R Soc B Biol Sci"},{"key":"1316_CR76","first-page":"39","volume":"52","author":"S Vijayakrishnan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vijayakrishnan S, Kumar MA, Sinha A (2020) The elephant in the room: methods, challenges and concerns in the monitoring of Asian elephant populations. Gajah 52:39\u201347","journal-title":"Gajah"},{"key":"1316_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-294X.2001.01185.x","volume":"10","author":"LP Waits","year":"2001","unstructured":"Waits LP, Luikart G, Taberlet P (2001) Estimating the probability of identity among genotypes in natural populations: cautions and guidelines. Mol Ecol 10:249\u2013256. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1365-294X.2001.01185.x","journal-title":"Mol Ecol"},{"key":"1316_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1111\/1755-0998.12452","volume":"16","author":"J Wang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wang J (2016) Individual identification from genetic marker data: developments and accuracy comparisons of methods. Mol Ecol Resour 16:163\u2013175. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1755-0998.12452","journal-title":"Mol Ecol Resour"},{"key":"1316_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1534\/genetics.112.139519","volume":"192","author":"C Wang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wang C, Schroeder KB, Rosenberg NA (2012) A maximum-likelihood method to correct for allelic dropout in microsatellite data with no replicate genotypes. Genetics 192:651\u2013669. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1534\/genetics.112.139519","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"1316_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-294X.1997.00281.x","volume":"6","author":"SK Wasser","year":"1997","unstructured":"Wasser SK, Houston CS, Koehler GM, Cadd GG, Fain SR (1997) Techniques for application of faecal DNA methods to field studies of ursids. Mol Ecol 6:1091\u20131097. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1365-294X.1997.00281.x","journal-title":"Mol Ecol"},{"key":"1316_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0145640","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0145640","volume":"11","author":"KJ Winiarski","year":"2016","unstructured":"Winiarski KJ, McGarigal K (2016) Effects of photo and genotype-based misidentification error on estimates of survival, detection and state transition using multistate survival models. PLoS ONE 11:e0145640. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0145640","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"1316_CR82","first-page":"616","volume":"27","author":"JG Woods","year":"1999","unstructured":"Woods JG, Paetkau D, Lewis D, McLellan BN, Proctor M, Strobeck C (1999) Genetic tagging of free-ranging black and brown bears. Wildl Soc Bull 27:616\u2013627","journal-title":"Wildl Soc Bull"},{"key":"1316_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0124834","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0124834","volume":"10","author":"L Zhang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zhang L, Dong L, Lin L, Feng L, Yan F, Wang L, Guo X, Luo A (2015) Asian elephants in China: estimating population size and evaluating habitat suitability. PLoS ONE 10:e0124834. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0124834","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"}],"container-title":["Conservation Genetics Resources"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12686-023-01316-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12686-023-01316-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12686-023-01316-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,16]],"date-time":"2023-11-16T03:11:50Z","timestamp":1700104310000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12686-023-01316-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,11]]},"references-count":84,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1316"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12686-023-01316-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1877-7260"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1877-7260"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 August 2023","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 September 2023","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they do not have any competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"We obtained permission for the collection of non-invasive faecal samples from Uttarakhand Forest Department vide letter nos. 2477\/5-6 dated 2nd May 2013 and 3143\/5-6 dated 2nd May 2016.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"All authors approved and consented to the submission of the final draft manuscript.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to publication"}}]}}