{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T23:01:18Z","timestamp":1774566078617,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,18]],"date-time":"2025-04-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744934400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,18]],"date-time":"2025-04-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744934400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["3 Biotech"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s13205-025-04295-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,18]],"date-time":"2025-04-18T12:41:18Z","timestamp":1744980078000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Design, synthesis, and pharmacological evaluation of heteroaryl thiol-linked kojic acid derivatives as a novel class of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors for Alzheimer\u2019s disease therapy"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Madan","family":"Singh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Chandrabose","family":"Karthikeyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Digambar Kumar","family":"Waiker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Akhilesh","family":"Tiwari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Sushant K.","family":"Shrivastava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"S\u00e9rgio F.","family":"Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Duangnapa","family":"Kiriwan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"F\u00e1bio G.","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2300-4074","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Narayana Subbiah Hari Narayana","family":"Moorthy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"16","key":"4295_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11057","DOI":"10.1039\/D3RA08333K","volume":"14","author":"AE Abdallah","year":"2024","unstructured":"Abdallah AE (2024) Review on anti-alzheimer drug development: approaches, challenges and perspectives. RSC Adv 14(16):11057\u201311088. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/D3RA08333K","journal-title":"RSC Adv"},{"issue":"4","key":"4295_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.2174\/1570159X11311040004","volume":"11","author":"M Ana Paula","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ana Paula M, Maria Belen F, Mar\u00eda Julia C, Natalia Paola A, Valeria C (2013) Natural AChE inhibitors from plants and their contribution to Alzheimer\u2019s disease therapy. Curr Neuropharmacol 11(4):388\u2013413. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/1570159X11311040004","journal-title":"Curr Neuropharmacol"},{"issue":"6","key":"4295_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.202000924","volume":"18","author":"S Babaee","year":"2021","unstructured":"Babaee S, Chehardoli G, Akbarzadeh T, Zolfigol MA, Mahdavi M, Rastegari A, HomayouniMoghadam F, Najafi Z (2021) Design, synthesis, and molecular docking of some novel tacrine based cyclopentapyranopyridine- and tetrahydropyranoquinoline-kojic acid derivatives as anti-acetylcholinesterase agents. Chem Biodivers 18(6):e2000924. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cbdv.202000924","journal-title":"Chem Biodivers"},{"issue":"1","key":"4295_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1186\/s13321-019-0362-7","volume":"11","author":"EW Bell","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bell EW, Zhang Y (2019) DockRMSD: an open-source tool for atom mapping and RMSD calculation of symmetric molecules through graph isomorphism. J Cheminform 11(1):40. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13321-019-0362-7","journal-title":"J Cheminform"},{"issue":"10","key":"4295_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2200215","DOI":"10.1002\/ardp.202200215","volume":"355","author":"J Brtko","year":"2022","unstructured":"Brtko J (2022) Biological functions of kojic acid and its derivatives in medicine, cosmetics, and food industry: Insights into health aspects. Arch Pharm 355(10):2200215. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ardp.202200215","journal-title":"Arch Pharm"},{"issue":"16","key":"4295_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1668","DOI":"10.1002\/jcc.20290","volume":"26","author":"DA Case","year":"2005","unstructured":"Case DA, Cheatham TE 3rd, Darden T, Gohlke H, Luo R, Merz KM Jr, Onufriev A, Simmerling C, Wang B, Woods RJ (2005) The Amber biomolecular simulation programs. J Comput Chem 26(16):1668\u20131688. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcc.20290","journal-title":"J Comput Chem"},{"key":"4295_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Darsey JA, Masarweh N (2020) Computational modelling of drugs for Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD) and applications on artificial neural network systems (ANN); NETS. Pharmacy & Pharmacology International Journal Delano WL The PyMOL Molecular Graphics System. In, 2002","DOI":"10.15406\/ppij.2020.08.00310"},{"issue":"1","key":"4295_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024-019-0333-5","volume":"14","author":"MA DeTure","year":"2019","unstructured":"DeTure MA, Dickson DW (2019) The neuropathological diagnosis of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Mol Neurodegener 14(1):32. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13024-019-0333-5","journal-title":"Mol Neurodegener"},{"issue":"3","key":"4295_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/S0223-5234(03)00012-6","volume":"38","author":"L Di","year":"2003","unstructured":"Di L, Kerns EH, Fan K, McConnell OJ, Carter GT (2003) High throughput artificial membrane permeability assay for blood\u2013brain barrier. Eur J Med Chem 38(3):223\u2013232. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0223-5234(03)00012-6","journal-title":"Eur J Med Chem"},{"issue":"2","key":"4295_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(61)90145-9","volume":"7","author":"GL Ellman","year":"1961","unstructured":"Ellman GL, Courtney KD, Andres V, Featherstone RM (1961) A new and rapid colorimetric determination of acetylcholinesterase activity. Biochem Pharmacol 7(2):88\u201395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0006-2952(61)90145-9","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"issue":"11","key":"4295_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1842","DOI":"10.1007\/s00044-022-02954-3","volume":"31","author":"S Emami","year":"2022","unstructured":"Emami S, Ahmadi R, Ahadi H, Ashooriha M (2022) Diverse therapeutic potential of 3-hydroxy-4-pyranones and related compounds as kojic acid analogs. Med Chem Res 31(11):1842\u20131861. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00044-022-02954-3","journal-title":"Med Chem Res"},{"key":"4295_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2019.01312","author":"L Fan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fan L, Mao C, Hu X, Zhang S, Yang Z, Hu Z, Sun H, Fan Y, Dong Y, Yang J, Shi C, Xu Y (2020) New insights into the pathogenesis of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Front Neurol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fneur.2019.01312","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4295_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-024-06552-4","volume":"7","author":"MK Foret","year":"2024","unstructured":"Foret MK, Orciani C, Welikovitch LA, Huang C, Cuello AC, Do Carmo S (2024) Early oxidative stress and DNA damage in A\u03b2-burdened hippocampal neurons in an Alzheimer\u2019s-like transgenic rat model. Communications Biology 7(1):861. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s42003-024-06552-4","journal-title":"Communications Biology"},{"key":"4295_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2011.00022","author":"M-S Garc\u00eda-Ayll\u00f3n","year":"2011","unstructured":"Garc\u00eda-Ayll\u00f3n M-S, Small DH, Avila J, Saez-Valero J (2011) Revisiting the role of acetylcholinesterase in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: cross-talk with P-tau and \u03b2-Amyloid. Front Mol Neurosci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnmol.2011.00022","journal-title":"Front Mol Neurosci"},{"key":"4295_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2019.06.011","volume":"309","author":"O Gerlits","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gerlits O, Ho KY, Cheng X, Blumenthal D, Taylor P, Kovalevsky A, Radi\u0107 Z (2019) A new crystal form of human acetylcholinesterase for exploratory room-temperature crystallography studies. Chem Biol Interact 309:108698. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cbi.2019.06.011","journal-title":"Chem Biol Interact"},{"key":"4295_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2021.130241","volume":"362","author":"M He","year":"2021","unstructured":"He M, Fan M, Liu W, Li Y, Wang G (2021) Design, synthesis, molecular modeling, and biological evaluation of novel kojic acid derivatives containing bioactive heterocycle moiety as inhibitors of tyrosinase and antibrowning agents. Food Chem 362:130241. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.foodchem.2021.130241","journal-title":"Food Chem"},{"issue":"9","key":"4295_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3314","DOI":"10.1021\/ct300418h","volume":"8","author":"BR Miller III","year":"2012","unstructured":"Miller BR III, McGee TD Jr, Swails JM, Homeyer N, Gohlke H, Roitberg AE (2012) MMPBSA.py: an efficient program for end-state free energy calculations. J Chem Theory Comp 8(9):3314\u20133321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/ct300418h","journal-title":"J Chem Theory Comp"},{"issue":"2","key":"4295_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e105","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(21)00249-8","volume":"7","author":"E Nichols","year":"2022","unstructured":"Nichols E, Steinmetz JD, Vollset SE, Fukutaki K, Chalek J, Abd-Allah F, Abdoli A, Abualhasan A, Abu-Gharbieh E, Akram TT, Al Hamad H, Alahdab F, Alanezi FM, Alipour V, Almustanyir S, Amu H, Ansari I, Arabloo J, Ashraf T, Astell-Burt T, Ayano G, Ayuso-Mateos JL, Baig AA, Barnett A, Barrow A, Baune BT, B\u00e9jot Y, Bezabhe WMM, Bezabih YM, Bhagavathula AS, Bhaskar S, Bhattacharyya K, Bijani A, Biswas A, Bolla SR, Boloor A, Brayne C, Brenner H, Burkart K, Burns RA, C\u00e1mera LA, Cao C, Carvalho F, Castro-de-Araujo LFS, Catal\u00e1-L\u00f3pez F, Cerin E, Chavan PP, Cherbuin N, Chu D-T, Costa VM, Couto RAS, Dadras O, Dai X, Dandona L, Dandona R, De la Cruz-G\u00f3ngora V, Dhamnetiya D, Dias da Silva D, Diaz D, Douiri A, Edvardsson D, Ekholuenetale M, El Sayed I, El-Jaafary SI, Eskandari K, Eskandarieh S, Esmaeilnejad S, Fares J, Faro A, Farooque U, Feigin VL, Feng X, Fereshtehnejad S-M, Fernandes E, Ferrara P, Filip I, Fillit H, Fischer F, Gaidhane S, Galluzzo L, Ghashghaee A, Ghith N, Gialluisi A, Gilani SA, Glavan I-R, Gnedovskaya EV, Golechha M, Gupta R, Gupta VB, Gupta VK, Haider MR, Hall BJ, Hamidi S, Hanif A, Hankey GJ, Haque S, Hartono RK, Hasaballah AI, Hasan MT, Hassan A, Hay SI, Hayat K, Hegazy MI, Heidari G, Heidari-Soureshjani R, Herteliu C, Househ M, Hussain R, Hwang B-F, Iacoviello L, Iavicoli I, Ilesanmi OS, Ilic IM, Ilic MD, Irvani SSN, Iso H, Iwagami M, Jabbarinejad R, Jacob L, Jain V, Jayapal SK, Jayawardena R, Jha RP, Jonas JB, Joseph N, Kalani R, Kandel A, Kandel H, Karch A, Kasa AS, Kassie GM, Keshavarz P, Khan MAB, Khatib MN, Khoja TAM, Khubchandani J, Kim MS, Kim YJ, Kisa A, Kisa S, Kivim\u00e4ki M, Koroshetz WJ, Koyanagi A, Kumar GA, Kumar M, Lak HM, Leonardi M, Li B, Lim SS, Liu X, Liu Y, Logroscino G, Lorkowski S, Lucchetti G, LutzkySaute R, Magnani FG, Malik AA, Massano J, Mehndiratta MM, Menezes RG, Meretoja A, Mohajer B, Mohamed Ibrahim N, Mohammad Y, Mohammed A, Mokdad AH, Mondello S, Moni MAA, Moniruzzaman M, Mossie TB, Nagel G, Naveed M, Nayak VC, NeupaneKandel S, Nguyen TH, Oancea B, Otstavnov N, Otstavnov SS, Owolabi MO, Panda-Jonas S, PashazadehKan F, Pasovic M, Patel UK, Pathak M, Peres MFP, Perianayagam A, Peterson CB, Phillips MR, Pinheiro M, Piradov MA, Pond CD, Potashman MH, Pottoo FH, Prada SI, Radfar A, Raggi A, Rahim F, Rahman M, Ram P, Ranasinghe P, Rawaf DL, Rawaf S, Rezaei N, Rezapour A, Robinson SR, Romoli M, Roshandel G, Sahathevan R, Sahebkar A, Sahraian MA, Sathian B, Sattin D, Sawhney M, Saylan M, Schiavolin S, Seylani A, Sha F, Shaikh MA, Shaji KS, Shannawaz M, Shetty JK, Shigematsu M, Shin JI, Shiri R, Silva DAS, Silva JP, Silva R, Singh JA, Skryabin VY, Skryabina AA, Smith AE, Soshnikov S, Spurlock EE, Stein DJ, Sun J, Tabar\u00e9s-Seisdedos R, Thakur B, Timalsina B, Tovani-Palone MR, Tran BX, Tsegaye GW, ValadanTahbaz S, Valdez PR, Venketasubramanian N, Vlassov V, Vu GT, Vu LG, Wang Y-P, Wimo A, Winkler AS, Yadav L, Yahyazadeh Jabbari SH, Yamagishi K, Yang L, Yano Y, Yonemoto N, Yu C, Yunusa I, Zadey S, Zastrozhin MS, Zastrozhina A, Zhang Z-J, Murray CJL, Vos T (2022) Estimation of the global prevalence of dementia in 2019 and forecasted prevalence in 2050: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet Public Health 7(2):e105\u2013e125. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2468-2667(21)00249-8","journal-title":"Lancet Public Health"},{"issue":"31","key":"4295_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19764","DOI":"10.1039\/D2RA03081K","volume":"12","author":"RJ Obaid","year":"2022","unstructured":"Obaid RJ, Naeem N, Mughal EU, Al-Rooqi MM, Sadiq A, Jassas RS, Moussa Z, Ahmed SA (2022) Inhibitory potential of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur containing heterocyclic scaffolds against acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase. RSC Adv 12(31):19764\u201319855. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/D2RA03081K","journal-title":"RSC Adv"},{"issue":"1","key":"4295_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1186\/1758-2946-3-33","volume":"3","author":"NM O'Boyle","year":"2011","unstructured":"O\u2019Boyle NM, Banck M, James CA, Morley C, Vandermeersch T, Hutchison GR (2011) Open babel: an open chemical toolbox. J Cheminform 3(1):33. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1758-2946-3-33","journal-title":"J Cheminform"},{"issue":"13","key":"4295_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5909","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.7b00702","volume":"60","author":"L Peauger","year":"2017","unstructured":"Peauger L, Azzouz R, Gembus V, \u0162\u00een\u0163a\u015f M-L, Sopkov\u00e1-de Oliveira Santos J, Bohn P, Papamica\u00ebl C, Levacher V (2017) Donepezil-based central acetylcholinesterase inhibitors by means of a \u201cbio-oxidizable\u201d prodrug strategy: design, synthesis, and in vitro biological evaluation. J Med Chem 60(13):5909\u20135926. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.7b00702","journal-title":"J Med Chem"},{"issue":"7","key":"4295_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3075","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-020-01945-y","volume":"57","author":"SN Rai","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rai SN, Singh C, Singh A, Singh MP, Singh BK (2020) Mitochondrial dysfunction: a potential therapeutic target to treat Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Mol Neurobiol 57(7):3075\u20133088. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12035-020-01945-y","journal-title":"Mol Neurobiol"},{"key":"4295_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2013.10.030","volume":"70","author":"M Rakse","year":"2013","unstructured":"Rakse M, Karthikeyan C, Deora GS, Moorthy NSHN, Rathore V, Rawat AK, Srivastava AK, Trivedi P (2013) Design, synthesis and molecular modelling studies of novel 3-acetamido-4-methyl benzoic acid derivatives as inhibitors of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B. Eur J Med Chem 70:469\u2013476. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejmech.2013.10.030","journal-title":"Eur J Med Chem"},{"key":"4295_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ramakrishna K, Karuturi P, Siakabinga Q, T.A. G, Krishnamurthy S, Singh S, Kumari S, Kumar GS, Sobhia ME, Rai SN (2024) Indole-3 Carbinol and Diindolylmethane Mitigated \u03b2-Amyloid-Induced Neurotoxicity and Acetylcholinesterase Enzyme Activity: In Silico, In Vitro, and Network Pharmacology Study. Diseases 12 (8):184","DOI":"10.3390\/diseases12080184"},{"key":"4295_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molstruc.2021.131152","volume":"1246","author":"SP Ramrao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ramrao SP, Verma A, Waiker DK, Tripathi PN, Shrivastava SK (2021) Design, synthesis, and evaluation of some novel biphenyl imidazole derivatives for the treatment of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. J Mol Struct 1246:131152. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.molstruc.2021.131152","journal-title":"J Mol Struct"},{"key":"4295_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.12.006","volume":"110","author":"M Saeedi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Saeedi M, Eslamifar M, Khezri K (2019) Kojic acid applications in cosmetic and pharmaceutical preparations. Biomed Pharmacother 110:582\u2013593. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.12.006","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"issue":"9","key":"4295_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2100240","DOI":"10.1002\/minf.202100240","volume":"41","author":"K Sankar","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sankar K, Trainor K, Blazer LL, Adams JJ, Sidhu SS, Day T, Meiering E, Maier JKX (2022) A descriptor set for quantitative structure-property relationship prediction in biologics. Mol Inf 41(9):2100240. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/minf.202100240","journal-title":"Mol Inf"},{"key":"4295_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molstruc.2022.132979","volume":"1262","author":"SK Shrivastava","year":"2022","unstructured":"Shrivastava SK, Nivrutti AA, Bhardwaj B, Waiker DK, Verma A, Tripathi PN, Tripathi M, Saraf P (2022) Drug reposition-based design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of dual inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase and \u03b2-Secretase for treatment of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. J Mol Struct 1262:132979. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.molstruc.2022.132979","journal-title":"J Mol Struct"},{"issue":"4","key":"4295_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1021\/cn300178k","volume":"4","author":"D Silva","year":"2013","unstructured":"Silva D, Chioua M, Samadi A, Agostinho P, Gar\u00e7\u00e3o P, Lajar\u00edn-Cuesta R, De Los RC, Iriepa I, Moraleda I, Gonzalez-Lafuente L, Mendes E, P\u00e9rez C, Rodr\u00edguez-Franco MI, Marco-Contelles J, CarmoCarreiras M (2013) Synthesis, pharmacological assessment, and molecular modeling of acetylcholinesterase\/butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors: effect against amyloid-\u03b2-induced neurotoxicity. ACS Chem Neurosci 4(4):547\u2013565. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/cn300178k","journal-title":"ACS Chem Neurosci"},{"key":"4295_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2021.116385","volume":"46","author":"YP Singh","year":"2021","unstructured":"Singh YP, Shankar G, Jahan S, Singh G, Kumar N, Barik A, Upadhyay P, Singh L, Kamble K, Singh GK, Tiwari S, Garg P, Gupta S, Modi G (2021) Further SAR studies on natural template based neuroprotective molecules for the treatment of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Bioorg Med Chem 46:116385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bmc.2021.116385","journal-title":"Bioorg Med Chem"},{"key":"4295_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2018.11.049","volume":"163","author":"P Srivastava","year":"2019","unstructured":"Srivastava P, Tripathi PN, Sharma P, Rai SN, Singh SP, Srivastava RK, Shankar S, Shrivastava SK (2019) Design and development of some phenyl benzoxazole derivatives as a potent acetylcholinesterase inhibitor with antioxidant property to enhance learning and memory. Eur J Med Chem 163:116\u2013135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejmech.2018.11.049","journal-title":"Eur J Med Chem"},{"issue":"4","key":"4295_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1016\/S0026-895X(25)13975-8","volume":"10","author":"P Taylor","year":"1974","unstructured":"Taylor P, Lwebuga-Mukasa J, Lappi S, Rademacher J (1974) Propidium\u2014a fluorescence probe for a peripheral anionic site on acetylcholinesterase. Mol Pharmacol 10(4):703\u2013708","journal-title":"Mol Pharmacol"},{"key":"4295_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2018.12.017","volume":"85","author":"PN Tripathi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tripathi PN, Srivastava P, Sharma P, Tripathi MK, Seth A, Tripathi A, Rai SN, Singh SP, Shrivastava SK (2019) Biphenyl-3-oxo-1,2,4-triazine linked piperazine derivatives as potential cholinesterase inhibitors with anti-oxidant property to improve the learning and memory. Bioorg Chem 85:82\u201396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bioorg.2018.12.017","journal-title":"Bioorg Chem"},{"key":"4295_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.2147\/dnnd.S452009","volume":"14","author":"PN Tripathi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tripathi PN, Lodhi A, Rai SN, Nandi NK, Dumoga S, Yadav P, Tiwari AK, Singh SK, El-Shorbagi AA, Chaudhary S (2024) Review of pharmacotherapeutic targets in Alzheimer\u2019s disease and its management using traditional medicinal plants. Degener Neurol Neuromuscul Dis 14:47\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/dnnd.S452009","journal-title":"Degener Neurol Neuromuscul Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"4295_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1007\/s11095-010-0280-x","volume":"28","author":"O Tsinman","year":"2011","unstructured":"Tsinman O, Tsinman K, Sun N, Avdeef A (2011) Physicochemical selectivity of the BBB microenvironment governing passive diffusion\u2014matching with a porcine brain lipid extract artificial membrane permeability model. Pharm Res 28(2):337\u2013363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11095-010-0280-x","journal-title":"Pharm Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"4295_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1002\/prot.10465","volume":"52","author":"ML Verdonk","year":"2003","unstructured":"Verdonk ML, Cole JC, Hartshorn MJ, Murray CW, Taylor RD (2003) Improved protein-ligand docking using GOLD. Proteins 52(4):609\u2013623. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/prot.10465","journal-title":"Proteins"},{"key":"4295_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2024.116450","volume":"271","author":"A Verma","year":"2024","unstructured":"Verma A, Waiker DK, Singh N, Singh A, Saraf P, Bhardwaj B, Kumar P, Krishnamurthy S, Srikrishna S, Shrivastava SK (2024) Lead optimization based design, synthesis, and pharmacological evaluation of quinazoline derivatives as multi-targeting agents for Alzheimer\u2019s disease treatment. Eur J Med Chem 271:116450. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejmech.2024.116450","journal-title":"Eur J Med Chem"},{"issue":"3","key":"4295_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37454","DOI":"10.52965\/001c.37454","volume":"10","author":"M Vu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Vu M, Mangal R, Stead T, Lopez-Ortiz C, Ganti L (2022) Impact of Alzheimer\u2019s disease on caregivers in the united states. Health Psychol Res 10(3):37454. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.52965\/001c.37454","journal-title":"Health Psychol Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"4295_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2217","DOI":"10.1021\/acschemneuro.3c00245","volume":"14","author":"DK Waiker","year":"2023","unstructured":"Waiker DK, Verma A, Akhilesh AGT, Singh N, Roy A, Dilnashin H, Tiwari V, Trigun SK, Singh SP, Krishnamurthy S, Lama P, Davisson VJ, Shrivastava SK (2023) Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of piperazine and N-Benzylpiperidine hybrids of 5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-thiol as potential multitargeted ligands for Alzheimer\u2019s disease therapy. ACS Chem Neurosci 14(11):2217\u20132242. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acschemneuro.3c00245","journal-title":"ACS Chem Neurosci"},{"key":"4295_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2024.116409","volume":"271","author":"DK Waiker","year":"2024","unstructured":"Waiker DK, Verma A, Gajendra TA, Namrata RA, Kumar P, Trigun SK, Srikrishna S, Krishnamurthy S, Davisson VJ, Shrivastava SK (2024) Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of some 2-(3-oxo-5,6-diphenyl-1,2,4-triazin-2(3H)-yl)-N-phenylacetamide hybrids as MTDLs for Alzheimer\u2019s disease therapy. Eur J Med Chem 271:116409. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejmech.2024.116409","journal-title":"Eur J Med Chem"},{"issue":"9","key":"4295_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1157","DOI":"10.1002\/jcc.20035","volume":"25","author":"J Wang","year":"2004","unstructured":"Wang J, Wolf RM, Caldwell JW, Kollman PA, Case DA (2004) Development and testing of a general amber force field. J Comput Chem 25(9):1157\u20131174. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcc.20035","journal-title":"J Comput Chem"},{"issue":"1","key":"4295_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12214","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-16476-w","volume":"12","author":"M Zuin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zuin M, Cherubini A, Volpato S, Ferrucci L, Zuliani G (2022) Acetyl-cholinesterase-inhibitors slow cognitive decline and decrease overall mortality in older patients with dementia. Sci Rep 12(1):12214. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-022-16476-w","journal-title":"Sci Rep"}],"container-title":["3 Biotech"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13205-025-04295-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s13205-025-04295-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13205-025-04295-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,17]],"date-time":"2025-05-17T19:02:36Z","timestamp":1747508556000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s13205-025-04295-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,18]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]}},"alternative-id":["4295"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13205-025-04295-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["2190-572X","2190-5738"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2190-572X","type":"print"},{"value":"2190-5738","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 February 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 March 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 April 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflicts of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}],"article-number":"134"}}