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Due to the rising incidence of knee pathologies, the number of knee X-rays acquired is also increasing. Such X-rays are obtained for the diagnosis of knee injuries, the evaluation of the knee before and after surgery, and the monitoring of the knee joint\u2019s stability. These types of diagnosis and monitoring of the knee usually involve radiography under physical stress. This widely used medical tool provides a more objective analysis of the measurement of the knee laxity than a physical examination does, involving knee stress tests, such as valgus, varus, and Lachman. Despite being an improvement to physical examination regarding the physician\u2019s bias, stress radiography is still performed manually in a lot of healthcare facilities. To avoid exposing the physician to radiation and to decrease the number of X-ray images rejected due to inadequate positioning of the patient or the presence of artefacts, positioning systems for stress radiography of the knee have been developed. This review analyses knee positioning systems for X-ray environment, concluding that they have improved the objectivity and reproducibility during stress radiographs, but have failed to either be radiolucent or versatile with a simple ergonomic set-up.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s13246-023-01221-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,24]],"date-time":"2023-01-24T12:34:35Z","timestamp":1674563675000},"page":"45-55","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Knee positioning systems for X-ray environment: a literature review"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8685-3527","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catarina","family":"Lopes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7470-9168","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adelio","family":"Vilaca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7254-0346","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cl\u00e1udia","family":"Rocha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4254-1879","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joaquim","family":"Mendes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"1221_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-020-01638-1","volume":"15","author":"A Almaawi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Almaawi A, Awwad W, Bamugaddam A, Alasheikh M, Muaddi M, Almutair O, Alomar AZ (2020) Prevalence of knee injuries among male college students in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. 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The authors affirm that human research participants provided informed consent for publication of the images in Figs. a, b, , , , , and .","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}