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In this paper, we explore how an inclusive, integrated and long-sighted approach, emphasising a more radical integration of nature within cities, might support the transformations needed to endure major contemporary challenges. Addressing important emerging critiques of Nature-Based Solutions, we consider the potential of a more incisive form of <jats:italic>Nature-Based Thinking<\/jats:italic> (NBT) in cities, based on more holistic perspectives. The paper draws on a reflective and iterative research process that engaged both the research and practice communities through a symposium and a\u00a0series of futures workshops that together explored the potential of NBT to develop future nature-cities relations in Europe and Latin America. The results of the reflective process suggest that notions of <jats:italic>nature with people<\/jats:italic>\u2014not for people\u2014 new organisational structures, and the intention and capacity to apply long-term perspectives, are needed when planning for NBS interventions aimed at sustainable urban development. This includes developing a cultural-structural change based on new and inclusive understandings of human\u2013nature relations, and novel governance paradigms that allow cross-sectoral coordination and engagement of local stakeholders beyond formal organisational structures.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s13280-023-01920-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,26]],"date-time":"2023-09-26T14:02:34Z","timestamp":1695736954000},"page":"79-94","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Supporting Nature-Based Solutions via Nature-Based Thinking across European and Latin American cities"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4635-3736","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Geovana","family":"Mercado","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8622-3982","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tom","family":"Wild","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6456-1673","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaime","family":"Hernandez-Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2287-1881","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariana D.","family":"Baptista","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0696-6055","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martina","family":"van Lierop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9183-7508","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olivia","family":"Bina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3349-687X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andy","family":"Inch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0982-0155","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00c5sa","family":"Ode Sang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1683-6182","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arjen","family":"Buijs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9845-6660","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cynnamon","family":"Dobbs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Alexis","family":"V\u00e1squez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1365-5765","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"van der Jagt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3592-9632","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabio","family":"Salbitano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Falanga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2998-8804","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan David","family":"Amaya-Espinel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1481-8853","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mafalda","family":"de Matos Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1368-3915","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas B.","family":"Randrup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"1920_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1007\/s13280-014-0506-y","volume":"43","author":"E Andersson","year":"2014","unstructured":"Andersson, E., S. 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