{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T02:24:49Z","timestamp":1775096689455,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,22]],"date-time":"2022-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642809600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,22]],"date-time":"2022-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642809600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cell Oncol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s13402-021-00657-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,22]],"date-time":"2022-01-22T14:02:36Z","timestamp":1642860156000},"page":"135-149","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Cadherin switches during epithelial-mesenchymal transition: CDH4\/RCAD downregulation reduces bladder cancer progression"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3720-400X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cl\u00e1udia","family":"Martins-Lima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4231-5532","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vera","family":"Miranda-Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6829-1391","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Lobo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3151-0367","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vera","family":"Const\u00e2ncio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7015-242X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro","family":"Leite-Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2212-3872","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catarina","family":"Guimar\u00e3es-Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2193-2793","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Monteiro-Reis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4687-3347","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Pedro","family":"Sequeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Mariana","family":"Cantante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3713-119X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C\u00e9line S.","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4861-7432","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruno M.","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3171-4666","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui","family":"Henrique","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4186-5345","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carmen","family":"Jer\u00f3nimo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"657_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21660","volume":"71","author":"H Sung","year":"2021","unstructured":"H. Sung, J. Ferlay, R.L. Siegel, M. Laversanne, I. Soerjomataram, A. Jemal, F. Bray, Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin 71, 209\u2013249 (2021)","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"657_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.3233\/BLC-189035","volume":"4","author":"EM Messing","year":"2018","unstructured":"E.M. Messing, Financial toxicity of having bladder cancer. Bladder Cancer 4, 351\u2013352 (2018)","journal-title":"Bladder Cancer"},{"key":"657_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.3810\/pgm.2011.05.2283","volume":"123","author":"MF Tanaka","year":"2011","unstructured":"M.F. Tanaka, G. Sonpavde, Diagnosis and management of urothelial carcinoma of the bladder. Postgrad Med 123, 43\u201355 (2011)","journal-title":"Postgrad Med"},{"key":"657_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1007\/s11934-018-0853-5","volume":"19","author":"T Chandrasekar","year":"2018","unstructured":"T. Chandrasekar, A. Erlich, A.R. Zlotta, Molecular characterization of bladder cancer. Curr Urol Rep 19, 107 (2018)","journal-title":"Curr Urol Rep"},{"key":"657_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.4111\/kju.2013.54.10.645","volume":"54","author":"SJ Yun","year":"2013","unstructured":"S.J. Yun, W.J. Kim, Role of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition in bladder cancer: from prognosis to therapeutic target. Korean J Urol 54, 645\u2013650 (2013)","journal-title":"Korean J Urol"},{"key":"657_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.5152\/tud.2017.60376","volume":"43","author":"AM Kamat","year":"2017","unstructured":"A.M. Kamat, M. Ba\u011fc\u0131o\u011flu, E. Huri, What is new in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer in 2016? Turk J Urol 43, 9\u201313 (2017)","journal-title":"Turk J Urol"},{"key":"657_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1420","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI39104","volume":"119","author":"R Kalluri","year":"2009","unstructured":"R. Kalluri, R.A. Weinberg, The basics of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. J Clin Invest 119, 1420\u20131428 (2009)","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"657_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.120907","volume":"126","author":"SM Frisch","year":"2013","unstructured":"S.M. Frisch, M. Schaller, B. Cieply, Mechanisms that link the oncogenic epithelial-mesenchymal transition to suppression of anoikis. J Cell Sci 126, 21\u201329 (2013)","journal-title":"J Cell Sci"},{"key":"657_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.14767","volume":"24","author":"R Cao","year":"2020","unstructured":"R. Cao, L. Yuan, B. Ma, G. Wang, W. Qiu, Y. Tian, An EMT-related gene signature for the prognosis of human bladder cancer. J Cell Mol Med 24, 605\u2013617 (2020)","journal-title":"J Cell Mol Med"},{"key":"657_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.5487\/TR.2010.26.4.245","volume":"26","author":"H Son","year":"2010","unstructured":"H. Son, A. Moon, Epithelial-mesenchymal transition and cell invasion. Toxicol Res 26, 245\u2013252 (2010)","journal-title":"Toxicol Res"},{"key":"657_CR11","first-page":"52","volume":"10","author":"J Roche","year":"2018","unstructured":"J. Roche, The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in cancer. Cancers (Basel) 10, 52 (2018)","journal-title":"The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in cancer. Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"657_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J. Yang, P. Antin, G. Berx, C. Blanpain, T. Brabletz, M. Bronner, K. Campbell, A. Cano, J. Casanova, G. Christofori, S. Dedhar, R. Derynck, H.L. Ford, J. Fuxe, A. Garc\u00eda de Herreros, G.J. Goodall, A.-K. Hadjantonakis, R.J.Y. Huang, C. Kalcheim, R. Kalluri, Y. Kang, Y. Khew-Goodall, H. Levine, J. Liu, G.D. Longmore, S.A. Mani, J. Massagu\u00e9, R. Mayor, D. McClay, K.E. Mostov, D.F. Newgreen, M.A. Nieto, A. Puisieux, R. Runyan, P. Savagner, B. Stanger, M.P. Stemmler, Y. Takahashi, M. Takeichi, E. Theveneau, J.P. Thiery, E.W. Thompson, R.A. Weinberg, E.D. Williams, J. Xing, B.P. Zhou, G. Sheng and E.M.T.I.A. On behalf of the guidelines and definitions for research on epithelial\u2013mesenchymal transition. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 21, 341\u2013352 (2020)","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-020-0237-9"},{"key":"657_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm3758","volume":"15","author":"S Lamouille","year":"2014","unstructured":"S. Lamouille, J. Xu, R. Derynck, Molecular mechanisms of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 15, 178\u2013196 (2014)","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"657_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1588","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2009.080545","volume":"174","author":"MW Klymkowsky","year":"2009","unstructured":"M.W. Klymkowsky, P. Savagner, Epithelial-mesenchymal transition: a cancer researcher\u2019s conceptual friend and foe. Am J Pathol 174, 1588\u20131593 (2009)","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"657_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D.M. Gonzalez and D. Medici, Signaling mechanisms of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Sci Signal 7, re8 (2014)","DOI":"10.1126\/scisignal.2005189"},{"key":"657_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"W. Lu, Y. Kang, Epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity in cancer progression and metastasis. Dev Cell\u00a049, 361\u2013374 (2019)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2019.04.010"},{"key":"657_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"L. Larue and A. Bellacosa,Epithelial-mesenchymal transition in development and cancer: role of phosphatidylinositol 3' kinase\/AKT pathways. Oncogene 24, 7443\u20137454 (2005)","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1209091"},{"key":"657_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"P. Tiwari, A. Mrigwani, H. Kaur, P. Kaila, R. Kumar, P. Guptasarma, Structural-mechanical and biochemical functions of classical cadherins at cellular junctions: A review and some hypotheses. Adv Exp Med Biol\u00a01112, 107\u2013138 (2018)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-13-3065-0_9"},{"key":"657_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"T. Tanaka, K. Miyazawa, T. Tsukamoto, T. Kuno and K. Suzuki, Pathobiology and chemoprevention of bladder cancer. J Oncol 2011, 528353 (2011)","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/528353"},{"key":"657_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"T. J\u00e4ger, M. Becker, A. Eisenhardt, D. Tilki, M. T\u00f6tsch, K.W. Schmid, I. Romics, H. R\u00fcbben, S. Erg\u00fcn, T. Szarvas, The prognostic value of cadherin switch in bladder cancer. Oncol Rep\u00a023, 1125\u20131132 (2010)","DOI":"10.3892\/or_00000741"},{"key":"657_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R.T. Bryan, C. Tselepis, Cadherin switching and bladder cancer. J Urol\u00a0184, 423\u2013431 (2010)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2010.04.016"},{"key":"657_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M.J. Wheelock, Y. Shintani, M. Maeda, Y. Fukumoto, K.R. Johnson, Cadherin switching. J Cell Sci\u00a0121, 727\u2013735 (2008)","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.000455"},{"key":"657_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"F. van Roy, Beyond E-cadherin: roles of other cadherin superfamily members in cancer. Nat Rev Cancer\u00a014, 121\u2013134 (2014)","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc3647"},{"key":"657_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R.T. Bryan, P.A. Atherfold, Y. Yeo, L.J. Jones, R.F. Harrison, D.M. Wallace, J.A. Jankowski, Cadherin switching dictates the biology of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder: ex vivo and in vitro studies. J Pathol\u00a0215, 184\u2013194 (2008)","DOI":"10.1002\/path.2346"},{"key":"657_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"W. Sun, G.A. Herrera, E-cadherin expression in invasive urothelial carcinoma. Ann Diagn Pathol\u00a08, 17\u201322 (2004)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anndiagpath.2003.11.007"},{"key":"657_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J.A. Mandeville, B. Silva Neto, A.J. Vanni, G.L. Smith, K.M. Rieger-Christ, R. Zeheb, M. Loda, J.A. Libertino and I.C. Summerhayes, P-cadherin as a prognostic indicator and a modulator of migratory behaviour in bladder carcinoma cells. BJU Int 102, 1707\u20131714 (2008)","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2008.08115.x"},{"key":"657_CR27","unstructured":"M.H. Khorrami, M. Hadi, M.R. Gharaati, M.H. Izadpanahi, A. Javid, M. Zargham, E-cadherin expression as a prognostic factor in transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder after transurethral resection. Urol J\u00a09, 581\u2013585 (2012)"},{"key":"657_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Z. Popov, S. Gil-Diez de Medina, M.A. Lefrere-Belda, A. Hoznek, S. Bastuji-Garin, C.C. Abbou, J.P. Thiery, F. Radvanyi, D.K. Chopin, Low E-cadherin expression in bladder cancer at the transcriptional and protein level provides prognostic information. Brit J Cancer\u00a083, 209\u2013214 (2000)","DOI":"10.1054\/bjoc.2000.1233"},{"key":"657_CR29","unstructured":"M. Abufaraj, A. Haitel, M. Moschini, K. Gust, B. Foerster, M. Ozsoy, D. D'Andrea, P.I. Karakiewicz, M. Roupret, A. Briganti and S.F. Shariat, Prognostic role of N-cadherin expression in patients with invasive bladder cancer. Clin Genitourin Cancer 15, S1558-7673(17)30198-2 (2017)"},{"key":"657_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"G. Agiostratidou, M. Li, K. Suyama, I. Badano, R. Keren, S. Chung, A. Anzovino, J. Hulit, B. Qian, B. Bouzahzah, E. Eugenin, O. Loudig, G.R. Phillips, J. Locker, R.B. Hazan, Loss of retinal cadherin facilitates mammary tumor progression and metastasis. Cancer Res\u00a069, 5030\u20135038 (2009)","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-08-4007"},{"key":"657_CR31","unstructured":"S.J. Zhang, J. Ma, J.C. Wu, Z.Z. Hao, Y.N. Zhang and Y.J. Zhang, CircRNA EPB41L2 inhibits tumorigenicity of lung adenocarcinoma through regulating CDH4 by miR-211\u20135p. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 25, 3150 (2021)"},{"key":"657_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J. Xie, Y. Feng, T. Lin, X.Y. Huang, R.H. Gan, Y. Zhao, B.H. Su, L.C. Ding, L. She, J. Chen, L.S. Lin, X. Lin, D.L. Zheng and Y.G. Lu, CDH4 suppresses the progression of salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma via E-cadherin co-expression. Oncotarget 7, 82961\u201382971 (2016)","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.12821"},{"key":"657_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M. Esteller, CpG island hypermethylation and tumor suppressor genes: a booming present, a brighter future. Oncogene 21, 5427\u20135440 (2002)","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1205600"},{"key":"657_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"E.M. Wolff, Y. Chihara, F. Pan, D.J. Weisenberger, K.D. Siegmund, K. Sugano, K. Kawashima, P.W. Laird, P.A. Jones, G. Liang, Unique DNA methylation patterns distinguish noninvasive and invasive urothelial cancers and establish an epigenetic field defect in premalignant tissue. Cancer Res\u00a070, 8169\u20138178 (2010)","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-10-1335"},{"key":"657_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D.M. Bornman, S. Mathew, J. Alsruhe, J.G. Herman, E. Gabrielson, Methylation of the E-cadherin gene in bladder neoplasia and in normal urothelial epithelium from elderly individuals. Am J Pathol\u00a0159, 831\u2013835 (2001)","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)61758-0"},{"key":"657_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"H. Moch, A.L. Cubilla, P.A. Humphrey, V.E. Reuter, T.M. Ulbright, The 2016 WHO Classification of Tumours of the Urinary System and Male Genital Organs-Part A: Renal. Penile, and Testicular Tumours. Eur Urol\u00a070, 93\u2013105 (2016)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2016.02.029"},{"key":"657_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Y. Li, D. Ge, C. Lu, The SMART App: an interactive web application for comprehensive DNA methylation analysis and visualization. Epigenetics & Chromatin\u00a012, 71 (2019)","DOI":"10.1186\/s13072-019-0316-3"},{"key":"657_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R.T. Bryan, Cell adhesion and urothelial bladder cancer: the role of cadherin switching and related phenomena. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci\u00a0370, 20140042 (2015)","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2014.0042"},{"key":"657_CR39","unstructured":"N. Vel\u00e1zquez, Bladder Cancer Academy 2018 Selected Summaries. Rev Urol 20, 31\u201337 (2018)"},{"key":"657_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M.B.H. Thomsen, I. Nordentoft, P. Lamy, S. Vang, L. Reinert, C.K. Mapendano, S. H\u00f8yer, T.F. \u00d8rntoft, J.B. Jensen, L. Dyrskj\u00f8t, Comprehensive multiregional analysis of molecular heterogeneity in bladder cancer. Sci Rep\u00a07, 11702 (2017)","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-11291-0"},{"key":"657_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D. Aran, R. Camarda, J. Odegaard, H. Paik, B. Oskotsky, G. Krings, A. Goga, M. Sirota, A.J. Butte, Comprehensive analysis of normal adjacent to tumor transcriptomes. Nat Comm\u00a08, 1077 (2017)","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-01027-z"},{"key":"657_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"K. Araki, T. Shimura, H. Suzuki, S. Tsutsumi, W. Wada, T. Yajima, T. Kobayahi, N. Kubo, H. Kuwano, E\/N-cadherin switch mediates cancer progression via TGF-\u03b2-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Brit J Cancer\u00a0105, 1885 (2011)","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2011.452"},{"key":"657_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"C.Y. Loh, J.Y. Chai, T.F. Tang, W.F. Wong, G. Sethi, M.K. Shanmugam, P.P. Chong and C.Y. Looi, The E-cadherin and N-cadherin switch in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition: Signaling, therapeutic implications, and challenges. Cells 8, 1118 (2019)","DOI":"10.3390\/cells8101118"},{"key":"657_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R.A. Moussa, E.Z.I. Khalil and A.I. Ali, Prognostic role of epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers \"E-Cadherin, \u03b2-Catenin, ZEB1, ZEB2 and p63\" in bladder carcinoma. World J Oncol 10, 199\u2013217 (2019)","DOI":"10.14740\/wjon1234"},{"key":"657_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"K.M. Rieger-Christ, J.W. Cain, J.W. Braasch, J.M. Dugan, M.L. Silverman, B. Bouyounes, J.A. Libertino, I.C. Summerhayes, Expression of classic cadherins type I in urothelial neoplastic progression. Hum Pathol\u00a032, 18\u201323 (2001)","DOI":"10.1053\/hupa.2001.21140"},{"key":"657_CR46","unstructured":"P.P. Bringuier, R. Umbas, H.E. Schaafsma, H.F. Karthaus, F.M. Debruyne, J.A. Schalken, Decreased E-cadherin immunoreactivity correlates with poor survival in patients with bladder tumors. Cancer Res\u00a053, 3241\u20133245 (1993)"},{"key":"657_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M.A. Guvakova, I. Prabakaran, Z. Wu, D.I. Hoffman, Y. Huang, J. Tchou and P.J. Zhang, CDH2\/N-cadherin and early diagnosis of invasion in patients with ductal carcinoma in situ. Breast Cancer Res Treat 183, 333\u2013346 (2020)","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-020-05797-x"},{"key":"657_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"I. Lascombe, A. Clairotte, S. Fauconnet, S. Bernardini, H. Wallerand, B. Kantelip, H. Bittard, N-cadherin as a novel prognostic marker of progression in superficial urothelial tumors. Clin Cancer Res\u00a012, 2780\u20132787 (2006)","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-05-2387"},{"key":"657_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"K.M. Mrozik, O.W. Blaschuk, C.M. Cheong, A.C.W. Zannettino and K. Vandyke, N-cadherin in cancer metastasis, its emerging role in haematological malignancies and potential as a therapeutic target in cancer. BMC Cancer 18, 939 (2018)","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-018-4845-0"},{"key":"657_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A.S. Ribeiro, B. Sousa, L. Carreto, N. Mendes, A.R. Nobre, S. Ricardo, A. Albergaria, J.F. Cameselle-Teijeiro, R. Gerhard, O. S\u00f6derberg, R. Seruca, M.A. Santos, F. Schmitt, J. Paredes, P-cadherin functional role is dependent on E-cadherin cellular context: a proof of concept using the breast cancer model. J Pathol\u00a0229, 705\u2013718 (2013)","DOI":"10.1002\/path.4143"},{"key":"657_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M. Saitoh, Involvement of partial EMT in cancer progression. J Biochem\u00a0164, 257\u2013264 (2018)","DOI":"10.1093\/jb\/mvy047"},{"key":"657_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A.D. Grigore, M.K. Jolly, D. Jia, M.C. Farach-Carson and H. Levine, Tumor budding: The name is EMT. J Clin Med 5, 51 (2016)","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm5050051"},{"key":"657_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S. Monteiro-Reis, J. Lobo, R. Henrique and C. Jer\u00f3nimo, Epigenetic mechanisms influencing epithelial to mesenchymal transition in bladder cancer. Int J Mol Sci 20, 297 (2019)","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20020297"},{"key":"657_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M.K. Jolly, M. Boareto, B. Huang, D. Jia, M. Lu, E. Ben-Jacob, J.N. Onuchic, H. Levine, Implications of the hybrid epithelial\/mesenchymal phenotype in metastasis. Front Oncol\u00a05, 155 (2015)","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2015.00155"},{"key":"657_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"C. Du, T. Huang, D. Sun, Y. Mo, H. Feng, X. Zhou, X. Xiao, N. Yu, B. Hou, G. Huang, I. Ernberg and Z. Zhang, CDH4 as a novel putative tumor suppressor gene epigenetically silenced by promoter hypermethylation in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cancer Lett 309, 54\u201361 (2011)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2011.05.016"},{"key":"657_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Z. Li, D. Su, L. Ying, G. Yu and W. Mao, Study on expression of CDH4 in lung cancer. World J Surg Oncol 15, 26 (2017)","DOI":"10.1186\/s12957-016-1083-2"},{"key":"657_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"E. Miotto, S. Sabbioni, A. Veronese, G.A. Calin, S. Gullini, A. Liboni, L. Gramantieri, L. Bolondi, E. Ferrazzi, R. Gafa, G. Lanza and M. Negrini, Frequent aberrant methylation of the CDH4 gene promoter in human colorectal and gastric cancer. Cancer Res 64, 8156\u20138159 (2004)","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-04-3000"},{"key":"657_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J. Kucharczak, S. Charrasse, F. Comunale, J. Zappulla, B. Robert, I. Teulon-Navarro, A. P\u00e8legrin and C. Gauthier-Rouvi\u00e8re, R-cadherin expression inhibits myogenesis and induces myoblast transformation via Rac1 GTPase. Cancer Res 68, 6559\u20136568 (2008)","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-08-0196"},{"key":"657_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"X. Zhou, H. Huang, W. Cui, Y. Wang, W. Luo, L. Matskova and X. Zhou, Expression and prognostic significance of cadherin 4 (CDH4) in renal cell carcinoma. Med Sci Monit 26, e922836 (2020)","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.922836"},{"key":"657_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Q. Tang, J. Lu, C. Zou, Y. Shao, Y. Chen, S. Narala, H. Fang, H. Xu, J. Wang, J. Shen and R. Khokha, CDH4 is a novel determinant of osteosarcoma tumorigenesis and metastasis. Oncogene 37, 3617\u20133630 (2018)","DOI":"10.1038\/s41388-018-0231-2"},{"key":"657_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M. Maeda, E. Johnson, S.H. Mandal, K.R. Lawson, S.A. Keim, R.A. Svoboda, S. Caplan, J.K. Wahl, 3rd, M.J. Wheelock and K.R. Johnson, Expression of inappropriate cadherins by epithelial tumor cells promotes endocytosis and degradation of E-cadherin via competition for p120(ctn). Oncogene 25, 4595\u20134604 (2006)","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1209396"},{"key":"657_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"E. Johnson, C.S. Theisen, K.R. Johnson, M.J. Wheelock, R-cadherin influences cell motility via Rho family GTPases. J Biol Chem\u00a0279, 31041\u201331049 (2004)","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M400024200"},{"key":"657_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S.P. Porten, Epigenetic alterations in bladder bancer. Curr Urol Rep. 19, 102 (2018)","DOI":"10.1007\/s11934-018-0861-5"},{"key":"657_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"L.A. Ribeiro-Filho, J. Franks, M. Sasaki, H. Shiina, L.C. Li, D. Nojima, S. Arap, P. Carroll, H. Enokida, M. Nakagawa, S. Yonezawa, R. Dahiya, CpG hypermethylation of promoter region and inactivation of E-cadherin gene in human bladder cancer. Mol Carcinogen\u00a034, 187\u2013198 (2002)","DOI":"10.1002\/mc.10064"},{"key":"657_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J. Paredes, A. Albergaria, J.T. Oliveira, C. Jeronimo, F. Milanezi and F.C. Schmitt, P-cadherin overexpression is an indicator of clinical outcome in invasive breast carcinomas and is associated with CDH3 promoter hypomethylation. Clin Cancer Res 11, 5869\u20135877 (2005)","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-05-0059"}],"container-title":["Cellular Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13402-021-00657-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s13402-021-00657-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s13402-021-00657-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,25]],"date-time":"2022-02-25T11:16:19Z","timestamp":1645787779000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s13402-021-00657-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,22]]},"references-count":65,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]}},"alternative-id":["657"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13402-021-00657-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["2211-3428","2211-3436"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2211-3428","type":"print"},{"value":"2211-3436","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"17 December 2021","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 January 2022","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Ethics Committee (CES-IPO-CES.15\/016) of the Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, Portugal. All procedures involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and\/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to publication"}}]}}