{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,12]],"date-time":"2026-04-12T07:38:17Z","timestamp":1775979497900,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Duke University Press","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,25]],"date-time":"2021-01-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1611532800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1418,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,9]],"date-time":"2017-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1489017600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>We examine several methodological considerations when eliciting probabilistic expectations in a developing country context using the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI). We conclude that although, on average, individuals are able to understand the concept of probability, responses are sensitive to framing effects and to own versus hypothetical-person effects. We find that overall, people are pessimistic about their survival probabilities compared with state-specific life tables and that socioeconomic status does influence beliefs about own survival expectations as found in previous literature in other countries. Higher levels of education and income have a positive association with survival expectations, and these associations persist even when conditioning on self-reported health. The results remain robust to several alternative specifications. We then compare the survival measures with objective measures of health. We find that activities of daily life, height, and low hemoglobin levels covary with subjective expectations in expected directions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s13524-017-0560-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,9]],"date-time":"2017-03-09T16:32:15Z","timestamp":1489077135000},"page":"673-699","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Eliciting Survival Expectations of the Elderly in Low-Income Countries: Evidence From India"],"prefix":"10.1215","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Adeline","family":"Delavande","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Social and Economic Research (ISER), University of Essex, Colchester, UK"},{"name":"Nova School of Business and Economics, Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jinkook","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"},{"name":"RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, USA"}]},{"given":"Seetha","family":"Menon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Weber Fellow, Department of Economics, European University Institute, Fiesole, Italy"}]}],"member":"73","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021012512301194700_CR1","volume-title":"Mortality expectations of older Mexicans: Development and testing of survey measures","author":"Aguila","year":"2014"},{"key":"2021012512301194700_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jeconom.2011.06.002","article-title":"Modeling college major choices using elicited measures of expectations and counterfactuals","volume":"166","author":"Arcidiacono","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Econometrics"},{"key":"2021012512301194700_CR3","first-page":"36","article-title":"Longitudinal aging study in India: Vision, design, implementation, and preliminary findings","volume-title":"Aging in Asia: Findings from new and emerging data initiatives","author":"Arokiasamy","year":"2012"},{"key":"2021012512301194700_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1007\/s00181-013-0750-1","article-title":"Survival expectations, subjective health and smoking: Evidence from SHARE","volume":"47","author":"Balia","year":"2014","journal-title":"Empirical Economics"},{"key":"2021012512301194700_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpubeco.2010.10.016","article-title":"Intergenerational persistence in health in developing countries: The penalty of gender inequality?","volume":"95","author":"Bhalotra","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Public Economics"},{"key":"2021012512301194700_CR6","volume-title":"Longitudinal Aging Study in India: Biomarker documentation","author":"Bloom","year":"2014"},{"key":"2021012512301194700_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1086\/454370","article-title":"Education and public health: Mutual challenges worldwide","volume":"49","author":"Bloom","year":"2005","journal-title":"Comparative Education Review"},{"key":"2021012512301194700_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3386\/w12688","volume-title":"The effect of subjective survival probabilities on retirement and wealth in the United States","author":"Bloom","year":"2006"},{"key":"2021012512301194700_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.55.11.836","article-title":"Self rated health: Is it as good a predictor of subsequent mortality among adults in lower as well as in higher social classes?","volume":"55","author":"Burstr\u00f6m","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health"},{"key":"2021012512301194700_CR10","volume-title":"The world factbook","author":"Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)","year":"2010"},{"key":"2021012512301194700_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1186\/1478-7954-8-30","article-title":"Measuring the health of the Indian elderly: Evidence from National Sample Survey data","volume":"8","author":"Chen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Population Health Metrics"},{"key":"2021012512301194700_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1006\/obhd.1999.2868","article-title":"Verbal and numerical expressions of probability: It\u2019s a fifty\u2013fifty chance","volume":"81","author":"de Bruin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes"},{"key":"2021012512301194700_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2354.2008.00504.x","article-title":"Pill, patch, or shot? 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