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For conditions requiring high trophic support such as brain and spinal cord injuries, priming MSCs to produce higher levels of trophic factors may be instrumental to facilitate translation of current MSC therapies. We developed and tested a novel molecular priming paradigm using docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) to prime adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (ASCs) to enhance the secretome neuroregulatory potential.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Comprehensive dose\u2013response and time-course assays were carried to determine an optimal priming protocol. Secretome total protein measurements were taken in association with cell viability, density and morphometric assessments. Cell identity and differentiation capacity were studied by flow cytometry and lineage-specific markers. Cell growth was assessed by trypan-blue exclusion and senescence was probed over time using SA-\u03b2-gal, morphometry and gene expression. Secretomes were tested for their ability to support differentiation and neurite outgrowth of human neural progenitor cells (hNPCs). Neuroregulatory proteins in the secretome were identified using multiplex membrane arrays.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Priming with 40\u00a0\u00b5M DHA for 72\u00a0h significantly enhanced the biosynthetic capacity of ASCs, producing a secretome with higher protein levels and increased metabolic viability. DHA priming enhanced ASCs adipogenic differentiation and adapted their responses to replicative senescence induction. Furthermore, priming increased concentrations of neurotrophic factors in the secretome promoting neurite outgrowth and modulating the differentiation of hNPCs.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>These results provide proof-of-concept evidence that DHA priming is a viable strategy to improve the neuroregulatory profile of ASCs.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s13770-024-00679-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,4]],"date-time":"2024-11-04T07:05:10Z","timestamp":1730703910000},"page":"113-128","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Lipid Priming of Adipose Mesenchymal Stromal Cells with Docosahexaenoic Acid: Impact on Cell Differentiation, Senescence and the Secretome Neuroregulatory Profile"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8487-6621","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonas","family":"Campos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6580-0971","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bel\u00e9m","family":"Sampaio-Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0900-2278","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diogo","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1858-4318","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sandra","family":"Barata-Antunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7903-2974","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2034-273X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sofia C.","family":"Serra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3259-9727","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tiffany S.","family":"Pinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7499-1500","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Canto-Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0090-9196","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Marote","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-6957-3322","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Margarida","family":"Cortez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1061-1716","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nuno A.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2961-6015","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adina T.","family":"Michael-Titus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3806-9823","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ant\u00f3nio J.","family":"Salgado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"679_CR1","first-page":"263","volume":"20","author":"AJ Friedenstein","year":"1987","unstructured":"Friedenstein AJ, Chailakhyan RK, Gerasimov UV. 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