{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]],"date-time":"2025-12-03T17:57:01Z","timestamp":1764784621237,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,22]],"date-time":"2021-03-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1616371200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,22]],"date-time":"2021-03-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1616371200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Drugs Ther Perspect"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s40267-021-00825-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,22]],"date-time":"2021-03-22T12:03:18Z","timestamp":1616414598000},"page":"212-221","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The benefits of a unit dose system in oral antibiotics\u00a0dispensing: Azorean hospital pharmacists tackling the socioeconomic problem of leftovers in Portugal"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8020-1897","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tiago","family":"Costa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ana Cristina","family":"Pimentel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1451-6705","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luisa","family":"Mota-Vieira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ana Cristina","family":"Castanha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"825_CR1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Antibiotic resistance: key facts. 2018. http:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/antibiotic-resistance. Accessed 18 Jan 2021."},{"issue":"1","key":"825_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sapharm.2016.06.011","volume":"13","author":"MA Hassali","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hassali MA, Tamimi SK, Dawood OT. Consumer quality use of medicines: an important element in public health. Res Social Adm Pharm. 2017;13(1):261\u20135.","journal-title":"Res Social Adm Pharm."},{"key":"825_CR3","unstructured":"European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Summary of the latest data on antibiotic resistance in the European Union: EARS-Net surveillance data. 2017. https:\/\/ecdc.europa.eu\/sites\/portal\/files\/documents\/EAAD%20EARS-Net%20summary.pdf. Accessed 18 Jan 2021."},{"issue":"9459","key":"825_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)17907-0","volume":"365","author":"H Goossens","year":"2005","unstructured":"Goossens H, Ferech M, Stichele RV, et al. Outpatient antibiotic use in Europe and association with resistance: a cross-national database study. Lancet. 2005;365(9459):579\u201387.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"825_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0803.010192","volume":"8","author":"S Bronzwaer","year":"2002","unstructured":"Bronzwaer S, Cars O, Buchholz U, et al. The relationship between antimicrobial use and antimicrobial resistance in Europe. Emerg Infect Dis. 2002;8(3):278\u201382.","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis."},{"issue":"1","key":"825_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rpsp.2015.11.003","volume":"34","author":"RJ Loureiro","year":"2016","unstructured":"Loureiro RJ, Roque F, Rodrigues AT, et al. O uso de antibi\u00f3ticos e as resist\u00eancias bacterianas: breves notas sobre a sua evolu\u00e7\u00e3o. Rev Port Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica. 2016;34(1):77\u201384.","journal-title":"Rev Port Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica."},{"key":"825_CR7","unstructured":"S\u00c1BADO. Portugal tomou 8,5 milh\u00f5es de caixas de antibi\u00f3ticos num ano. 2016. https:\/\/www.sabado.pt\/ciencia---saude\/amp\/portugal-tomou-85-milhoes-de-caixas-de-antibioticos-num-ano. Accessed 18 Jan 2021."},{"issue":"3","key":"825_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1111\/bcpt.12905","volume":"122","author":"S Mukherjee","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mukherjee S, Saha N. Correlation of recommendations of treatment guidelines and frequently prescribed antibiotics: evaluation of their pharmaceutical pack size. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2018;122(3):317\u201321.","journal-title":"Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol."},{"issue":"1","key":"825_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sapharm.2013.03.004","volume":"10","author":"NA Sabry","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sabry NA, Farid SF, Dawoud DM. Antibiotic dispensing in Egyptian community pharmacies: an observational study. Res Social Adm Pharm. 2014;10(1):168\u201384.","journal-title":"Res Social Adm Pharm."},{"key":"825_CR10","unstructured":"Health Care Without Harm Europe. Unused pharmaceuticals: where do they end up? 2013. https:\/\/businessdocbox.com\/Biotech_and_Biomedical\/79496656-Unused-pharmaceuticals-where-do-they-end-up-a-snapshot-of-european-collection-schemes.html. Accessed 18 Jan 2021."},{"issue":"12","key":"825_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sapharm.2018.01.013","volume":"14","author":"MA Ahiabu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ahiabu MA, Magnussen P, Bygbjerg IC, et al. Treatment practices of households and antibiotic dispensing in medicine outlets in developing countries: the case of Ghana. Res Social Adm Pharm. 2018;14(12):1180\u20138.","journal-title":"Res Social Adm Pharm."},{"issue":"6","key":"825_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2007.08.005","volume":"30","author":"P Kardas","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kardas P, Pechere JC, Hughes DA, et al. A global survey of antibiotic leftovers in the outpatient setting. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2007;30(6):530\u20136.","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents."},{"issue":"4","key":"825_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8519.2006.00542.x","volume":"21","author":"MJ Selgelid","year":"2007","unstructured":"Selgelid MJ. Ethics and drug resistance. Bioethics. 2007;21(4):218\u201329.","journal-title":"Bioethics"},{"issue":"1","key":"825_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02868029","volume":"17","author":"GL Marli\u00e8re","year":"2000","unstructured":"Marli\u00e8re GL, Ferraz MB, dos Santos JQ. Antibiotic consumption patterns and drug leftovers in 6000 Brazilian households. Adv Ther. 2000;17(1):32\u201344.","journal-title":"Adv Ther."},{"issue":"5","key":"825_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1007\/s11096-014-9992-z","volume":"36","author":"I Ramalhinho","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ramalhinho I, Cordeiro C, Cavaco A, et al. Assessing determinants of self-medication with antibiotics among Portuguese people in the Algarve region. Int J Clin Pharm. 2014;36(5):1039\u201347.","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pharm."},{"issue":"1","key":"825_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkl457","volume":"59","author":"L Grigoryan","year":"2007","unstructured":"Grigoryan L, Burgerhof JG, Haaijer-Ruskamp FM, et al. Is self-medication with antibiotics in Europe driven by prescribed use? J Antimicrob Chemother. 2007;59(1):152\u20136.","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother."},{"issue":"4","key":"825_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.2174\/157488610792246046","volume":"5","author":"L Grigoryan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Grigoryan L, Monnet DL, Haaijer-Ruskamp FM, et al. Self-medication with antibiotics in Europe: a case for action. Curr Drug Saf. 2010;5(4):329\u201332.","journal-title":"Curr Drug Saf."},{"issue":"5","key":"825_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1172","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkn054","volume":"61","author":"L Grigoryan","year":"2008","unstructured":"Grigoryan L, Burgerhof JG, Degener JE, et al. Determinants of self-medication with antibiotics in Europe: the impact of beliefs, country wealth and the healthcare system. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2008;61(5):1172\u20139.","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother."},{"key":"825_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2296-11-58","volume":"11","author":"E Skliros","year":"2010","unstructured":"Skliros E, Merkouris P, Papazafiropoulou A, et al. Self-medication with antibiotics in rural population in Greece: a cross-sectional multicenter study. BMC Fam Pract. 2010;11:58.","journal-title":"BMC Fam Pract."},{"issue":"11","key":"825_CR20","first-page":"722","volume":"7","author":"R Raz","year":"2005","unstructured":"Raz R, Edelstein H, Grigoryan L, et al. Self-medication with antibiotics by a population in Northern Israel. Isr Med Assoc J. 2005;7(11):722\u20135.","journal-title":"Isr Med Assoc J."},{"key":"825_CR21","unstructured":"International Pharmaceutical Federation. Fighting antimicrobial resistance: the contribution of pharmacists. 2015. https:\/\/www.fip.org\/files\/fip\/publications\/2015-11-Fighting-antimicrobial-resistance.pdf. Accessed 18 Jan 2021."},{"issue":"4","key":"825_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sapharm.2014.10.003","volume":"11","author":"AV Law","year":"2015","unstructured":"Law AV, Sakharkar P, Zargarzadeh A, et al. Taking stock of medication wastage: unused medications in US households. Res Social Adm Pharm. 2015;11(4):571\u20138.","journal-title":"Res Social Adm Pharm."},{"issue":"12","key":"825_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sapharm.2018.02.002","volume":"14","author":"S Vogler","year":"2018","unstructured":"Vogler S, de Rooij RH. Medication wasted\u2014contents and costs of medicines ending up in household. Res Social Adm Pharm. 2018;14(12):1140\u20136.","journal-title":"Res Social Adm Pharm."},{"key":"825_CR24","unstructured":"Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade. Legisla\u00e7\u00e3o Farmac\u00eautica Compilada\u2014Despacho n.\u00ba 4742\/2014, de 21 de mar\u00e7o. 2014. http:\/\/www.infarmed.pt\/documents\/15786\/1072289\/110-AB6_Desp_4742_2014_VF.pdf. Accessed 18 Jan 2021."},{"key":"825_CR25","unstructured":"Statistics Portugal. Attendances at emergency services (No.) in public hospitals of universal access and hospitals in public-private partnership by Geographic localization (NUTS - 2013). 2020. https:\/\/www.ine.pt\/xportal\/xmain?xpid=INE&xpgid=ine_indicadores&indOcorrCod=0008119&contexto=bd&selTab=tab2&xlang=en. Accessed 18 Jan 2021."},{"key":"825_CR26","unstructured":"Statistics Portugal. Internments (No.) in public hospitals of universal access and hospitals in public-private partnership by Geographic localization (NUTS - 2013). 2020. https:\/\/www.ine.pt\/xportal\/xmain?xpid=INE&xpgid=ine_indicadores&indOcorrCod=0008113&contexto=bd&selTab=tab2&xlang=en. Accessed 18 Jan 2021."},{"issue":"2","key":"825_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rpsp.2015.04.003","volume":"33","author":"I Ramalhinho","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ramalhinho I, Gomes LF, Filipe C, et al. Padr\u00e3o de prescri\u00e7\u00e3o de antibi\u00f3ticos no Algarve: caracter\u00edsticas do doente e dispers\u00e3o da terap\u00eautica. Rev Port Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica. 2015;33(2):207\u201321.","journal-title":"Rev Port Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica."},{"issue":"1","key":"825_CR28","first-page":"20","volume":"25","author":"I Ramalhinho","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ramalhinho I, Ribeirinho M, Vieira I, et al. A evolu\u00e7\u00e3o do consumo de antibi\u00f3ticos em ambulat\u00f3rio em Portugal Continental 2000\u20132009. Acta Med Port. 2012;25(1):20\u20138.","journal-title":"Acta Med Port."}],"container-title":["Drugs & Therapy Perspectives"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40267-021-00825-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40267-021-00825-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40267-021-00825-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,4]],"date-time":"2021-05-04T19:25:09Z","timestamp":1620156309000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40267-021-00825-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,22]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]}},"alternative-id":["825"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40267-021-00825-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1172-0360","1179-1977"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1172-0360"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1179-1977"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"28 February 2021","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 March 2021","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors received no financial support for the research, authorship, and\/or publication of this article.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Funding"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflicts of interest.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The authors confirm that the data supporting the findings of this study are available within the article and its supplementary materials.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Availability of data and material"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":7,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by TC. The first draft of the manuscript was written by TC and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.","order":8,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Author contributions"}}]}}