{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T15:42:05Z","timestamp":1762875725726,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,27]],"date-time":"2015-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1445904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia \/ Foundation for Science and Technology","award":["FCT \u2013 SFRH \/ BD \/ 22038 \/ 2005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FCT \u2013 SFRH \/ BD \/ 22038 \/ 2005"]}]},{"name":"unda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia \/ Foundation for Science and Technology","award":["PTDC\/PSI-PCL\/099981\/2008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PTDC\/PSI-PCL\/099981\/2008"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eat Weight Disord"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s40519-015-0236-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,27]],"date-time":"2015-10-27T11:04:22Z","timestamp":1445943862000},"page":"185-197","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Anorexia nervosa versus bulimia nervosa: differences based on retrospective correlates in a case\u2013control study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7004-5410","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"B\u00e1rbara C.","family":"Machado","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"S\u00f3nia F.","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Brand\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ant\u00f3nio","family":"Roma-Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Hans W.","family":"Hoek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Paulo P.","family":"Machado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"236_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1805","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2007.07071151","volume":"164","author":"E Attia","year":"2007","unstructured":"Attia E, Walsh BT (2007) Anorexia nervosa. Am J Psychiatry 164:1805\u20131810. doi: 10.1176\/appi.ajp.2007.07071151","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"236_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.nutr.27.061406.093713","volume":"27","author":"CM Bulik","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bulik CM, Landt MC, van Furth EF, Sullivan PF (2007) The genetics of anorexia nervosa. Annu Rev Nutr 27:263\u2013275. doi: 10.1146\/annurev.nutr.27.061406.093713","journal-title":"Annu Rev Nutr"},{"key":"236_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-012-0282-y","volume":"14","author":"FRE Smink","year":"2012","unstructured":"Smink FRE, Hoeken DV, Hoek HW (2012) Epidemiology of eating disorders: incidence, prevalence and mortality rates. Curr Psychiatry Rep 14:406\u2013414. doi: 10.1007\/s11920-012-0282-y","journal-title":"Curr Psychiatry Rep"},{"key":"236_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2007.06081388","volume":"164","author":"A Keski-Rahkonen","year":"2007","unstructured":"Keski-Rahkonen A, Hoek HW, Susser ES, Linna MS, Silova E, Raevuori A et al (2007) Epidemiology and course of anorexia nervosa in the community. Am J Psychiatry 164:1259\u20131265. doi: 10.1176\/appi.ajp.2007.06081388","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"236_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.62.3.199","volume":"62","author":"TG Wilson","year":"2007","unstructured":"Wilson TG, Grilo CM, Vitousek KM (2007) Psychological treatments of eating disorders. Am Psychol 62:199\u2013216. doi: 10.1037\/0003-066X.62.3.199","journal-title":"Am Psychol"},{"key":"236_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fairburn CG (2008) Eating disorders: The transdiagnostic view and the cognitive behavioural therapy. In: Fairburn CG (ed) Cognitive behavior therapy and eating disorders. New York: The Guilford Press pp 7\u201322. doi: 10.1177\/13591045090140031012","DOI":"10.1177\/13591045090140031012"},{"key":"236_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(02)00088-8","volume":"41","author":"CG Fairburn","year":"2003","unstructured":"Fairburn CG, Cooper Z, Shafran R (2003) Cognitive behaviour therapy for eating disorders: a \u201ctransdiagnostic\u201d theory and treatment. Behav Res Ther 41:509\u2013528. doi: 10.1016\/S0005-7967(02)00088-8","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"key":"236_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)12378-1","volume":"361","author":"CG Fairburn","year":"2003","unstructured":"Fairburn CG, Harrison PJ (2003) Eating disorders. Lancet 361:407\u2013416. doi: 10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)12378-1","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"236_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S2","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.20107","volume":"37","author":"CM Bulik","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bulik CM, Reba L, Siega-Riz AM, Reichborn-Kjennerud T (2005) Anorexia nervosa: definition, epidemiology, and cycle of risk. Int J Eat Disord 37:S2\u2013S9. doi: 10.1002\/eat.20107","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"key":"236_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Garfinkel PE, Dorian BJ (2001) Improving understanding and care for the eating disorders. In: Striegel-Moore RH, Smolak L (eds) Eating disorders: innovative directions in research and practice. Washington: American Psychological Association\/APA, pp 9\u201326. doi: 10.1037\/10403-001","DOI":"10.1037\/10403-001"},{"key":"236_CR11","first-page":"289","volume":"19","author":"HW Hoek","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hoek HW (2006) Incidence, prevalence and mortality of anorexia nervosa and other eating disorders. Curr Opin Psychiatry 19:289\u2013394. doi: 10.1097\/01.yco.0000228759.95237.78","journal-title":"Curr Opin Psychiatry"},{"key":"236_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.62.3.181","volume":"62","author":"RH Striegel-Moore","year":"2007","unstructured":"Striegel-Moore RH, Bulik CM (2007) Risk factors for eating disorders. Am Psychol 62:181\u2013198. doi: 10.1037\/0003-066X.62.3.181","journal-title":"Am Psychol"},{"key":"236_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sullivan PF (2002) Course and outcome of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa (2th ed). In: Fairburn CG, Brownell KD (eds) Eating disorders and obesity: a comprehensive handbook. New York: The Guilford Press, pp 226\u2013232. doi: 10.1080\/1363849031000149756-3","DOI":"10.1080\/1363849031000149756-3"},{"key":"236_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.20164","volume":"38","author":"CL Birmingham","year":"2005","unstructured":"Birmingham CL, Su J, Hlynsky JA, Goldner EM, Gao M (2005) The mortality rate from anorexia disorder. Int J Eat Disord 38:143\u2013146. doi: 10.1002\/eat.20164","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"key":"236_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.185.5.363","volume":"185","author":"DA Collier","year":"2004","unstructured":"Collier DA, Treasure JL (2004) The aetiology of eating disorders. Br J Psychiatry 185:363\u2013365. doi: 10.1192\/bjp.185.5.363","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"375","key":"236_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)61748-7","volume":"2010","author":"J Treasure","year":"2010","unstructured":"Treasure J, Claudino AM, Zucker N (2010) Eating disorders. Lancet 2010(375):583\u2013593. doi: 10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)61748-7","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"236_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schmidt U (2002) Risk factors for eating disorders (2nd ed). In: Fairburn CG, Brownell KD (eds). Eating disorders and obesity: a comprehensive handbook. New York: The Guilford Press 2002, pp 247\u2013250. doi: 10.1080\/1363849031000149756-3","DOI":"10.1080\/1363849031000149756-3"},{"key":"236_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.56.5.468","volume":"56","author":"CG Fairburn","year":"1999","unstructured":"Fairburn CG, Cooper Z, Doll HA, Welch SL (1999) Risk factors for anorexia nervosa: three integrated case-control comparisons. Arch Gen Psychiatry 56:468\u2013476. doi: 10.1001\/archpsyc.55.5.425","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"236_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1997.01830180015003","volume":"54","author":"CG Fairburn","year":"1997","unstructured":"Fairburn CG, Welch SL, Doll HA, Davies BA, O\u2019Connor ME (1997) Risk factors for bulimia nervosa: a community based case-control study. Arch Gen Psychiatry 54:509\u2013517. doi: 10.1001\/archpsyc.1997.01830180015003","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"236_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.130.1.19","volume":"130","author":"C Jacobi","year":"2004","unstructured":"Jacobi C, Haywar C, de Zwaan M, Kraemer HC, Agras WS (2004) Coming to terms with risk factors for eating disorders: application of risk terminology and suggestions for a general taxonomy. Psychol Bull 130:19\u201365. doi: 10.1037\/0033-2909.130.1.19","journal-title":"Psychol Bull"},{"key":"236_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291701003129","volume":"31","author":"A Karwautz","year":"2001","unstructured":"Karwautz A, Rabe-Heskeht S, Hu X, Zaho J, Sham P, Collier DA et al (2001) Individual-specific risk factors for anorexia nervosa: a pilot study using discordant sister-pair design. Psychol Med 31:317\u2013329. doi: 10.1017\/S0033291701003129","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"236_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1443","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291707002310","volume":"38","author":"KM Pike","year":"2008","unstructured":"Pike KM, Hilbert A, Wilfley DE, Fairburn CG, Dohm FA, Walsh BT et al (2008) Toward an understanding of risk factors for anorexia nervosa: a case-control study. Psychol Med 38:1443\u20131453. doi: 10.1017\/S0033291707002310","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"236_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2010.125","volume":"16","author":"AF Karwautz","year":"2011","unstructured":"Karwautz AF, Wagner G, Waldherr K, Nader IW, Fernandez-Aranda F, Estivill X et al (2011) Gene-environment interaction in anorexia nervosa: relevance of non-shared environment and the serotonin transporter gene. Mol Psychiatry 16:590\u2013592. doi: 10.1038\/mp.2010.125","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"236_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.2286","volume":"22","author":"BC Machado","year":"2014","unstructured":"Machado BC, Gon\u00e7alves S, Martins C, Hoek HW, Machado PP (2014) Risk factors and antecedent life events in the development of anorexia nervosa: a portuguese case-control study. Eur Eat Disorders Rev 22:243\u2013251. doi: 10.1002\/erv.2286","journal-title":"Eur Eat Disorders Rev"},{"key":"236_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.20803","volume":"44","author":"J Day","year":"2011","unstructured":"Day J, Schmidt U, Collier D, Perkins S, Van den Eynde F, Treasure J et al (2011) Risk factors, correlates, and markers in early-onset bulimia nervosa and EDNOS. Int J Eat Disord 44:287\u2013294. doi: 10.1002\/eat.20803","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"key":"236_CR26","unstructured":"Gon\u00e7alves S, Machado BC, Martins C, Hoek HW, Machado PP. Retrospective correlates of Bulimia Nervosa: a matched case\u2013control study (submitted)"},{"key":"236_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2014.05.054","volume":"220","author":"A Hilbert","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hilbert A, Pike KM, Goldschmidt AB, Wilfley DE, Fairburn CG, Dohm F et al (2014) Risk factors across the eating disorders. Psychiatry Res 220:500\u2013506. doi: 10.1016\/j.psychres.2014.05.054","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"236_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Psychiatry Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 4th ed. Washington, DC: Author; 2004. doi: 10.1017\/s0033291700035765","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291700035765"},{"key":"236_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"First MB, Sptizer RL, Williams JB, Gibbon M. Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 1995. doi: 10.1002\/9781118625392.wbecp351","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118625392.wbecp351"},{"key":"236_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fairburn CG, Cooper Z (1993) The eating disorder examination (12th ed). In: Fairburn CG, Wilson GT (eds) Binge Eating: nature, assessment and treatment. New York: The Guilford Press, pp 317\u2013360. doi: 10.1002\/erv.2400030211","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.2400030211"},{"key":"236_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1002\/1098-108X(199412)16:4<363::AID-EAT2260160405>3.0.CO;2-#","volume":"4","author":"CG Fairburn","year":"1994","unstructured":"Fairburn CG, Beglin SJ (1994) Assessment of eating disorders: interview or self-report questionnaire? Int J Eat Disord 4:363\u2013370. doi: 10.1002\/1098-108X(199412)","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"key":"236_CR32","first-page":"445","volume":"6","author":"M Graffar","year":"1956","unstructured":"Graffar M (1956) Une m\u00e9thode de classification sociale d\u2019\u00e9chantillons de population. Courrier 6:445\u2013459. doi: 10.2307\/2172077","journal-title":"Courrier"},{"key":"236_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2011.06.009","volume":"49","author":"E Stice","year":"2011","unstructured":"Stice E, Marti CN, Durant S (2011) Risk factors for onset of eating disorders: evidence of multiple risk pathways from an 8-year prospective study. Behav Res Ther 49:622\u2013627. doi: 10.1016\/j.brat.2011.06.009","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"key":"236_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e31815c40f1","volume":"70","author":"TD Wade","year":"2008","unstructured":"Wade TD, Tiggemann M, Bulik CM, Fairburn CG, FMedSci Wray NR et al (2008) Shared temperament risk factors for anorexia nervosa: a twin study. Psychosom Med 70:239\u2013244. doi: 10.1097\/PSY.0b013e31815c40f1","journal-title":"Psychosom Med"}],"container-title":["Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40519-015-0236-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40519-015-0236-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40519-015-0236-6","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,24]],"date-time":"2022-05-24T13:55:33Z","timestamp":1653400533000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40519-015-0236-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,27]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]}},"alternative-id":["236"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40519-015-0236-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1124-4909","1590-1262"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1124-4909"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1590-1262"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,27]]}}}