{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T17:50:29Z","timestamp":1773424229808,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,4]],"date-time":"2021-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633305600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,4]],"date-time":"2021-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633305600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acad Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s40596-021-01539-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,5]],"date-time":"2021-10-05T04:33:57Z","timestamp":1633408437000},"page":"233-237","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Violence Against Psychiatric Trainees: Findings of a European Survey"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2576-1549","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victor","family":"Pereira-Sanchez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ahmet","family":"G\u00fcrcan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Sundar","family":"Gnanavel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Joana","family":"Vieira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Marton","family":"Asztalos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Yugesh","family":"Rai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Gamze","family":"Erzin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Audrey","family":"Fontaine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Mariana","family":"Pinto da Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Szczegielniak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"1539_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2019-105849","volume":"76","author":"J Liu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Liu J, Gan Y, Jiang H, Li L, Dwyer R, Lu K, et al. Prevalence of workplace violence against healthcare workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Occup Environ Med. 2019;76:927\u201337.","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"1539_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2019.00187","volume":"10","author":"R Soares","year":"2019","unstructured":"Soares R, Pinto da Costa M. Experiences and perceptions of police officers concerning their interactions with people with serious mental disorders for compulsory treatment. Front Psychiatry. 2019;10:187.","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"1539_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2014.08.012","volume":"27","author":"S Hostiuc","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hostiuc S, Dermengiu D, Hostiuc M. Violence against physicians in training. A Romanian perspective. J Forensic Leg Med. 2014;27:55\u201361.","journal-title":"J Forensic Leg Med"},{"key":"1539_CR4","first-page":"e97","volume":"11","author":"A Bahji","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bahji A, Altomare J. Prevalence of intimidation, harassment, and discrimination among resident physicians: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Can Med Educ J. 2020;11:e97-123.","journal-title":"Can Med Educ J"},{"key":"1539_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.4300\/JGME-D-11-00184.1","volume":"4","author":"S Kwok","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kwok S, Ostermeyer B, Coverdale J. A systematic review of the prevalence of patient assaults against residents. J Grad Med Educ. 2012;4:296\u2013300.","journal-title":"J Grad Med Educ"},{"key":"1539_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03341303","volume":"15","author":"D Fink","year":"1991","unstructured":"Fink D, Shoyer B, Dubin WR. A study of assaults against psychiatric residents. Acad Psychiatry. 1991;15:94\u20139.","journal-title":"Acad Psychiatry"},{"key":"1539_CR7","first-page":"706","volume":"45","author":"KJ Black","year":"1994","unstructured":"Black KJ, Compton WM, Wetzel M, Minchin S, Farber NB, Rastogi-Cruz D. Assaults by patients on psychiatric residents at three training sites. Hosp Community Psychiatry. 1994;45:706\u201310.","journal-title":"Hosp Community Psychiatry"},{"key":"1539_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1176\/ps.50.3.381","volume":"50","author":"TL Schwartz","year":"1999","unstructured":"Schwartz TL, Park TL. Assaults by patients on psychiatric residents: a survey and training recommendations. Psychiatr Serv Wash DC. 1999;50:381\u20133.","journal-title":"Psychiatr Serv Wash DC"},{"key":"1539_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Park T, Schwartz T. Patient violence in psychiatric residency: a nationwide survey. Jefferson J Psychiatry. 2001;16. Available from:\u00a0https:\/\/jdc.jefferson.edu\/jeffjpsychiatry\/vol16\/iss1\/2. Accessed 21 Jul\u00a02020.","DOI":"10.29046\/JJP.016.1.001"},{"key":"1539_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1177\/070674379103600206","volume":"36","author":"GA Chaimowitz","year":"1991","unstructured":"Chaimowitz GA, Moscovitch A. Patient assaults on psychiatric residents: the Canadian experience. Can J Psychiatry. 1991;36:107\u201311.","journal-title":"Can J Psychiatry"},{"key":"1539_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1192\/pb.29.5.168","volume":"29","author":"G Pieters","year":"2005","unstructured":"Pieters G, Speybrouck E, Gucht VD, Joos S. Assaults by patients on psychiatric trainees: frequency and training issues. Psychiatr Bull. 2005;29:168\u201370.","journal-title":"Psychiatr Bull"},{"key":"1539_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ap.10060090","volume":"36","author":"Y Dvir","year":"2012","unstructured":"Dvir Y, Moniwa E, Crisp-Han H, Levy D, Coverdale JH. Survey of threats and assaults by patients on psychiatry residents. Acad Psychiatry. 2012;36:39\u201342.","journal-title":"Acad Psychiatry"},{"key":"1539_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1007\/s40596-014-0160-5","volume":"38","author":"RE Feinstein","year":"2014","unstructured":"Feinstein RE. Violence prevention education program for psychiatric outpatient departments. Acad Psychiatry. 2014;38:639\u201346.","journal-title":"Acad Psychiatry"},{"key":"1539_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.114.144576","volume":"206","author":"O Price","year":"2015","unstructured":"Price O, Baker J, Bee P, Lovell K. Learning and performance outcomes of mental health staff training in de-escalation techniques for the management of violence and aggression. Br J Psychiatry. 2015;206:447\u201355.","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"1539_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2923.2001.00767.x","volume":"35","author":"J Coverdale","year":"2001","unstructured":"Coverdale J, Gale C, Weeks S, Turbott S. A survey of threats and violent acts by patients against training physicians. Med Educ. 2001;35:154\u20139.","journal-title":"Med Educ"},{"key":"1539_CR16","unstructured":"World Health Organization. European region. Available from: https:\/\/www.euro.who.int\/en\/countries. Accessed 28 Jul 2021."},{"key":"1539_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpsy.2017.06.010","volume":"45","author":"M Pinto da Costa","year":"2017","unstructured":"Pinto da Costa M, Giurgiuca A, Holmes K, Biskup E, Mogren T, Tomori S, et al. To which countries do European psychiatric trainees want to move to and why? Eur Psychiatry. 2017;45:174\u201381.","journal-title":"Eur Psychiatry"},{"key":"1539_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpsy.2017.05.030","volume":"45","author":"T Gargot","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gargot T, Dond\u00e9 C, Arnaoutoglou NA, Klotins R, Marinova P, Silva R, et al. How is psychotherapy training perceived by psychiatric trainees? A cross-sectional observational study in Europe. Eur Psychiatry. 2017;45:136\u20138.","journal-title":"Eur Psychiatry"},{"key":"1539_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-018-0914-2","volume":"269","author":"O Kilic","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kilic O, Sonmez E, Erzin G, Guloksuz S, Pinto da Costa M. Mobility trends of psychiatric trainees in Turkey: hard to leave, harder to stay? Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2019;269:367\u20139.","journal-title":"Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"1539_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-016-0679-4","volume":"266","author":"A Brittlebank","year":"2016","unstructured":"Brittlebank A, Hermans M, Bhugra D, Pinto da Costa M, Rojnic-Kuzman M, Fiorillo A, et al. Training in psychiatry throughout Europe. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2016;266:155\u201364.","journal-title":"Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"}],"container-title":["Academic Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40596-021-01539-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40596-021-01539-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40596-021-01539-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,29]],"date-time":"2022-03-29T23:29:27Z","timestamp":1648596567000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40596-021-01539-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,4]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]}},"alternative-id":["1539"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40596-021-01539-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1042-9670","1545-7230"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1042-9670","type":"print"},{"value":"1545-7230","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"25 January 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 September 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 October 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the University of Navarra (Pamplona, Spain; project 2019.083) and registered at Open Science Framework (). Responses to the questionnaire were anonymous.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics Approval"}},{"value":"On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that there is no conflict of interest.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Disclosures"}}]}}