{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T02:28:56Z","timestamp":1768876136179,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,21]],"date-time":"2019-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1550707200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"name":"Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology","award":["SFRH\/BD\/117927\/2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BD\/117927\/2016"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sustain. Water Resour. Manag."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s40899-019-00302-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,21]],"date-time":"2019-02-21T03:43:29Z","timestamp":1550720609000},"page":"203-216","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Groundwater recharge in urban areas (Porto, NW Portugal): the role of GIS hydrogeology mapping"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2546-1511","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Jos\u00e9","family":"Afonso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Liliana","family":"Freitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Helder I.","family":"Chamin\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"302_CR1","unstructured":"Afonso MJ (2011) Hidrogeologia e hidrogeoqu\u00edmica da regi\u00e3o litoral urbana do Porto, entre Vila do Conde e Vila Nova de Gaia (NW de Portugal): implica\u00e7\u00f5es geoambientais. Universidade T\u00e9cnica de Lisboa, Lisboa (PhD Thesis)"},{"key":"302_CR2","first-page":"271","volume-title":"Urban groundwater: meeting the challenge. International Association of Hydrogeologists Selected Papers SP8","author":"MJ Afonso","year":"2007","unstructured":"Afonso MJ, Chamin\u00e9 HI, Carvalho JM, Marques JM, Gomes A, Ara\u00fajo MA, Fonseca PE, Teixeira J, Marques da Silva MA, Rocha F (2007) Urban groundwater resources: a case study of Porto City in northwest Portugal. In: Howard KWF (ed) Urban groundwater: meeting the challenge. International Association of Hydrogeologists Selected Papers SP8. Taylor & Francis Group, London, pp\u00a0271\u2013287"},{"key":"302_CR3","first-page":"595","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 11th Congress of the International Association for Engineering Geology, IAEG\u20192010, Geologically Active","author":"MJ Afonso","year":"2010","unstructured":"Afonso MJ, Chamin\u00e9 HI, Moreira PF, Marques JM (2010a) The role of hydrogeotechnical mapping on the sustainable management of urban groundwater. In: Williams AL, Pinches GM, Chin CY, McMorran TJ, Massey CI (eds.), Proceedings of the 11th Congress of the International Association for Engineering Geology, IAEG\u20192010, Geologically Active, CRC Press: Taylor & Francis Group, Auckland p\u00a0595\u20131602"},{"key":"302_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1007\/s12665-009-0351-7","volume":"61","author":"MJ Afonso","year":"2010","unstructured":"Afonso MJ, Chamin\u00e9 HI, Marques JM, Carreira PM, Guimar\u00e3es L, Guilhermino L, Gomes A, Fonseca PE, Pires A, Rocha F (2010b) Environmental issues in urban groundwater systems: a multidisciplinary study of the Paranhos and Salgueiros spring waters, Porto (NW Portugal). Environ Earth Sci 61:379\u2013392","journal-title":"Environ Earth Sci"},{"issue":"11","key":"302_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.3390\/w8110499","volume":"8","author":"MJ Afonso","year":"2016","unstructured":"Afonso MJ, Freitas L, Pereira AJSC, Neves LJPF, Guimar\u00e3es L, Guilhermino L, Mayer B, Rocha F, Marques JM, Chamin\u00e9 HI (2016) Environmental groundwater vulnerability assessment in urban water mines (Porto, NW Portugal). Water 8(11):499","journal-title":"Water"},{"issue":"3","key":"302_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1007\/s12040-013-0309-8","volume":"122","author":"E Agarwal","year":"2013","unstructured":"Agarwal E, Agarwal R, Garg RD, Garg PK (2013) Delineation of groundwater potential zone: an AHP\/ANP approach. J Earth Syst Sci 122(3):887\u2013898","journal-title":"J Earth Syst Sci"},{"key":"302_CR7","first-page":"4","volume":"21","author":"A Almeida","year":"2006","unstructured":"Almeida A (2006) Geology and urban landscape: the granite in Oporto, NW Portugal. Eur Geol J 21:4\u20138","journal-title":"Eur Geol J"},{"key":"302_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-05438-3","volume-title":"Field methods for geologists and hydrogeologists","author":"FA Assaad","year":"2004","unstructured":"Assaad FA, LaMoreaux PE, Hughes TH, Wangfang Z, Jordan H (2004) Field methods for geologists and hydrogeologists. Springer, Berlin"},{"key":"302_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhydrol.2016.02.034","volume":"535","author":"G Attard","year":"2016","unstructured":"Attard G, Rossier Y, Eisenlohr L (2016) Urban groundwater age modeling under unconfined condition\u2014impact of underground structures on groundwater age: evidence of a piston effect. J Hydrol 535:652\u2013661","journal-title":"J Hydrol"},{"key":"302_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.59317\/9789389992793","volume-title":"Hydrogeomorphology: fundamentals, applications and techniques","author":"M Babar","year":"2005","unstructured":"Babar M (2005) Hydrogeomorphology: fundamentals, applications and techniques. New India Publishing Agency, New Delhi"},{"issue":"2","key":"302_CR11","first-page":"253","volume":"98","author":"PN Ballukraya","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ballukraya PN, Kalimuthu R (2010) Quantitative hydrogeological and geomorphological analyses for groundwater potential assessment in hard rock terrains. Curr Sci 98(2):253\u2013259","journal-title":"Curr Sci"},{"key":"302_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/S0341-8162(02)00016-4","volume":"49","author":"A Begonha","year":"2002","unstructured":"Begonha A, Sequeira Braga MA (2002) Weathering of the Oporto granite: geotechnical and physical properties. Catena 49:57\u201376","journal-title":"Catena"},{"key":"302_CR13","unstructured":"Bourbon e Noronha T (1885) As aguas do Porto. Escola M\u00e9dico-Cir\u00fargica do Porto, Porto (Graduation Dissertation) http:\/\/hdl.handle.net\/10216\/16634 . Accessed 1 Feb 2018"},{"key":"302_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-12502-2","volume-title":"Introduction to the analytic hierarchy process. SpringerBriefs in operations research","author":"M Brunelli","year":"2015","unstructured":"Brunelli M (2015) Introduction to the analytic hierarchy process. SpringerBriefs in operations research. Springer International Publishing, Berlin"},{"key":"302_CR15","volume-title":"Contribui\u00e7\u00e3o para o estudo da Hygiene do Porto: analyse sanitaria do seu abastecimento em \u00e1gua pot\u00e1vel. III. Estudo sobre os po\u00e7os do Porto","author":"J Carteado Mena","year":"1908","unstructured":"Carteado Mena J (1908) Contribui\u00e7\u00e3o para o estudo da Hygiene do Porto: analyse sanitaria do seu abastecimento em \u00e1gua pot\u00e1vel. III. Estudo sobre os po\u00e7os do Porto. Escola M\u00e9dico-Cir\u00fargica do Porto, Porto (Unpublished report)"},{"key":"302_CR16","volume-title":"Rock fractures and fluid flow: contemporary understanding and applications","author":"CFCFF\u2014Committee on Fracture Characterization and Fluid Flow","year":"1996","unstructured":"CFCFF\u2014Committee on Fracture Characterization and Fluid Flow (1996) Rock fractures and fluid flow: contemporary understanding and applications. National Research Council, The National Academies, Washington, DC"},{"key":"302_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2513","DOI":"10.1007\/s12665-014-3986-y","volume":"73","author":"HI Chamin\u00e9","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chamin\u00e9 HI (2015) Water resources meet sustainability: new trends in environmental hydrogeology and groundwater engineering. Environ Earth Sci 73:2513\u20132520","journal-title":"Environ Earth Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"302_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.5038\/1827-806X.39.1.1","volume":"39","author":"HI Chamin\u00e9","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chamin\u00e9 HI, Afonso MJ, Robalo PM, Rodrigues P, Cortez C, Monteiro Santos FA, Plancha JP, Fonseca PE, Gomes A, Devy-Vareta NF, Marques JM, Lopes ME, Fontes G, Pires A, Rocha F (2010) Urban speleology applied to groundwater and geo-engineering studies: underground topographic surveying of the ancient Arca D\u2019\u00c1gua galleries catchworks (Porto, NW Portugal). Int J Speleol 39(1):1\u201314","journal-title":"Int J Speleol"},{"key":"302_CR19","first-page":"33","volume":"38","author":"HI Chamin\u00e9","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chamin\u00e9 HI, Afonso MJ, Freitas L (2014) From historical hydrogeological inventory through GIS mapping to problem solving in urban groundwater systems. Eur Geol J 38:33\u201339","journal-title":"Eur Geol J"},{"key":"302_CR20","first-page":"34","volume":"40","author":"HI Chamin\u00e9","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chamin\u00e9 HI, Carvalho JM, Teixeira J, Freitas L (2015) Role of hydrogeological mapping in groundwater practice: back to basics. Eur Geol J 40:34\u201342","journal-title":"Eur Geol J"},{"key":"302_CR21","first-page":"16","volume":"41","author":"HI Chamin\u00e9","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chamin\u00e9 HI, Teixeira J, Freitas L, Pires A, Silva RS, Pinho T, Monteiro R, Costa AL, Abreu T, Trigo JF (2016) From engineering geosciences mapping towards sustainable urban planning. Eur Geol J 41:16\u201325","journal-title":"Eur Geol J"},{"issue":"3","key":"302_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-3774(03)00144-6","volume":"62","author":"VM Chowdary","year":"2003","unstructured":"Chowdary VM, Rao NH, Sarma PBS (2003) GIS-based decision support system for groundwater assessment in large irrigation project areas. Agric Water Manag 62(3):229\u2013252","journal-title":"Agric Water Manag"},{"key":"302_CR23","volume-title":"Carta geot\u00e9cnica do Porto","author":"COBA\u2014Consultores de Engenharia e Ambiente, SA","year":"2003","unstructured":"COBA\u2014Consultores de Engenharia e Ambiente, SA (2003) Carta geot\u00e9cnica do Porto, 2nd\u00a0edn. COBA\/FCUP\/CMP, Porto","edition":"2"},{"key":"302_CR24","volume-title":"History of Portugal, from Lusitania to Empire","author":"AH Oliveira Marques de","year":"1972","unstructured":"de Oliveira Marques AH (1972) History of Portugal, from Lusitania to Empire, vol\u00a01. Columbia University Press, New York"},{"key":"302_CR25","volume-title":"Exploring geovisualization","author":"J Dykes","year":"2005","unstructured":"Dykes J, Maceachren AM, Kraak M-J (2005) Exploring geovisualization. International Cartographic Association Elsevier, Oxford"},{"issue":"3","key":"302_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1007\/s00254-006-0481-0","volume":"52","author":"S Ettazarini","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ettazarini S (2007) Groundwater potentiality index: a strategically conceived tool for water research in fractured aquifers. Environ Geol 52(3):477\u2013487","journal-title":"Environ Geol"},{"key":"302_CR27","volume-title":"Contribui\u00e7\u00f5es para a hygiene da cidade do Porto","author":"AJ Ferreira da Silva","year":"1889","unstructured":"Ferreira da Silva AJ (1889) Contribui\u00e7\u00f5es para a hygiene da cidade do Porto. Typographia Ant\u00f3nio Jos\u00e9 da Silva Teixeira, Porto"},{"key":"302_CR28","unstructured":"Fontes A (1908) Contribui\u00e7\u00e3o para a hygiene do Porto: analyse sanitaria do seu abastecimento em \u00e1gua pot\u00e1vel. I. Estudo dos mananciaes de Paranhos e Salgueiros. Escola M\u00e9dico-Cir\u00fargica do Porto, Porto (Graduation Dissertation) https:\/\/repositorio-aberto.up.pt\/handle\/10216\/17066 . Accessed 1 Feb 2018"},{"issue":"2","key":"302_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1111\/1745-5871.12051","volume":"52","author":"L Freitas","year":"2014","unstructured":"Freitas L, Afonso MJ, Devy-Vareta N, Marques JM, Gomes A, Chamin\u00e9 HI (2014) Coupling hydrotoponymy and GIS cartography: a case study of hydrohistorical issues in urban groundwater systems, Porto NW, Portugal. Geogr Res 52(2):182\u2013197","journal-title":"Geogr Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"302_CR30","first-page":"15","volume":"35","author":"F Gaj","year":"2003","unstructured":"Gaj F, Guglielmetti V, Grasso P, Giacomin G (2003) Experience on Porto, EPB follow-up. Tunn Tunn Int 35(12):15\u201318","journal-title":"Tunn Tunn Int"},{"key":"302_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1130\/2005.4016(11)","volume-title":"Humans as geologic agents. Reviews in engineering geology","author":"B Garcia-Fresca","year":"2005","unstructured":"Garcia-Fresca B, Sharp JM (2005) Hydrogeologic considerations of urban development: urban-induced recharge. In: Ehlen J, Haneberg WC, Larson RA (eds) Humans as geologic agents. Reviews in engineering geology, vol\u00a0XVI. The Geological Society of America, Boulder, pp\u00a0123\u2013136"},{"issue":"3","key":"302_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1144\/GSL.QJEGH.1995.028.P3.02","volume":"28","author":"GSE\u2014Geological Society Engineering Group Working Party Report","year":"1995","unstructured":"GSE\u2014Geological Society Engineering Group Working Party Report (1995) The description and classification of weathered rocks for engineering purposes. Quart J Eng Geol Hydrogeol 28(3):207\u2013242","journal-title":"Quart J Eng Geol Hydrogeol"},{"key":"302_CR33","volume-title":"Hydrogeology for rock engineers","author":"G Gustafson","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gustafson G (2012) Hydrogeology for rock engineers. BeFo-Swedish Rock Engineering Research Foundation and ISRM, Stockholm"},{"key":"302_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1936-704X.2016.03226.x","volume":"159","author":"BJ Hibbs","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hibbs BJ (2016) Groundwater in urban areas. J Contemp Water Res Educ 159:1\u20134","journal-title":"J Contemp Water Res Educ"},{"issue":"1","key":"302_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.2113\/gseegeosci.18.1.3","volume":"18","author":"BJ Hibbs","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hibbs BJ, Sharp JM (2012) Hydrogeological impacts of urbanization. Environ Eng Geosci 18(1):3\u201324","journal-title":"Environ Eng Geosci"},{"issue":"6","key":"302_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2543","DOI":"10.1007\/s12665-014-3370-y","volume":"73","author":"KWF Howard","year":"2015","unstructured":"Howard KWF (2015) Sustainable cities and the groundwater governance challenge. Environ Earth Sci 73(6):2543\u20132554","journal-title":"Environ Earth Sci"},{"key":"302_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.3390\/w10060686","volume":"10","author":"Y Huang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Huang Y, Zuo R, Li J, Wu J, Zhai Y, Teng Y (2018) The spatial and temporal variability of groundwater vulnerability and human health risk in the Limin District, Harbin, China. Water 10:686","journal-title":"Water"},{"key":"302_CR38","unstructured":"INE\u2014Instituto Nacional de Estat\u00edstica (2011) Statistical information about Portuguese population: Porto city. http:\/\/www.ine.pt\/ . Accessed Sep 2017"},{"key":"302_CR39","unstructured":"IPMA\u2014The Portuguese Institute for Sea and Atmosphere (2018) Air temperature and rainfall, Climate Normals, Porto Serra do Pilar 1981\u20132010. http:\/\/www.ipma.pt\/pt\/oclima\/normais.clima\/1981-2010\/014\/ . Accessed 1 Feb 2018"},{"issue":"6","key":"302_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/0148-9062(78)91472-9","volume":"15","author":"ISRM\u2014International Society for Rock Mechanics","year":"1978","unstructured":"ISRM\u2014International Society for Rock Mechanics (1978) Suggested methods for the quantitative description of discontinuities in rock masses. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci Geomech Abstr 15(6):319\u2013368","journal-title":"Int J Rock Mech Min Sci Geomech Abstr"},{"issue":"1","key":"302_CR41","first-page":"85","volume":"18","author":"ISRM\u2014International Society for Rock Mechanics","year":"1981","unstructured":"ISRM\u2014International Society for Rock Mechanics (1981) Basic geotechnical description of rock masses. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci Geomech Abstr 18(1):85\u2013110","journal-title":"Int J Rock Mech Min Sci Geomech Abstr"},{"key":"302_CR42","first-page":"1974","volume-title":"Suggested methods prepared by the commission on testing methods","author":"ISRM\u2014International Society for Rock Mechanics","year":"2007","unstructured":"ISRM\u2014International Society for Rock Mechanics (2007) The complete ISRM suggested methods for characterization, testing and monitoring. In: Ulusay R, Hudson JA (eds) Suggested methods prepared by the commission on testing methods. ISRM and ISRM Turkish National Group, Ankara, pp\u00a01974\u20132006"},{"key":"302_CR43","first-page":"293","volume-title":"Suggested methods prepared by the Commission on Testing Methods, ISRM","author":"ISRM\u2014International Society for Rock Mechanics","year":"2015","unstructured":"ISRM\u2014International Society for Rock Mechanics (2015) The ISRM suggested methods for rock characterization, testing and monitoring: 2007\u20132014. In: Ulusay R (ed) Suggested methods prepared by the Commission on Testing Methods, ISRM. Springer, Berlin, 293 p"},{"issue":"5","key":"302_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1080\/01431160210144543","volume":"24","author":"RK Jaiswal","year":"2003","unstructured":"Jaiswal RK, Mukherjee S, Krishnamurthy J, Saxena R (2003) Role of remote sensing and GIS techniques for generation of groundwater prospect zones towards rural development: an approach. Int J Remote Sens 24(5):993\u20131008","journal-title":"Int J Remote Sens"},{"key":"302_CR45","first-page":"49","volume-title":"Aquifers: formation, transport and pollution, environmental science. Engineering and technology series","author":"MK Jha","year":"2011","unstructured":"Jha MK (2011) GIS-based groundwater modeling: an integrated tool for managing groundwater-induced disasters. In: Laughton RH (ed) Aquifers: formation, transport and pollution, environmental science. Engineering and technology series. Nova Science Pub. Inc., Hauppauge, pp\u00a049\u2013190"},{"issue":"2","key":"302_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1007\/s11269-006-9024-4","volume":"21","author":"MK Jha","year":"2007","unstructured":"Jha MK, Chowdhury A, Chowdary V, Peiffer S (2007) Groundwater management and development by integrated remote sensing and geographic information systems: prospects and constraints. Water Res Manag 21(2):427\u2013467","journal-title":"Water Res Manag"},{"key":"302_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1007\/s12665-009-0029-1","volume":"59","author":"G-B Kim","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kim G-B, Ahn J-S, Marui A (2009) Analytic hierarchy models for regional groundwater monitoring well allocation in Southeast Asian countries and South Korea. Environ Earth Sci 59:325\u2013338","journal-title":"Environ Earth Sci"},{"issue":"10","key":"302_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1867","DOI":"10.1080\/01431169608948744","volume":"17","author":"J Krishnamurthy","year":"1996","unstructured":"Krishnamurthy J, Kumar NV, Jayaraman V, Manivel M (1996) An approach to demarcate groundwater potential zones through remote sensing and a geographical information system. Int J Remote Sens 17(10):1867\u20131884","journal-title":"Int J Remote Sens"},{"key":"302_CR49","first-page":"109","volume-title":"Geochemical processes, weathering and groundwater recharge in catchments","author":"DN Lerner","year":"1997","unstructured":"Lerner DN (1997) Groundwater recharge. In: Saeth OM, Caritat P (eds) Geochemical processes, weathering and groundwater recharge in catchments. Balkema, Rotterdam, pp\u00a0109\u2013150"},{"key":"302_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1007\/s10040-001-0177-1","volume":"10","author":"DN Lerner","year":"2002","unstructured":"Lerner DN (2002) Identifying and quantifying urban recharge: a review. Hydrogeol J 10:143\u2013152","journal-title":"Hydrogeol J"},{"key":"302_CR51","first-page":"59","volume-title":"Hydrological processes and water management in urban areas","author":"DN Lerner","year":"1990","unstructured":"Lerner DN (1990) Groundwater recharge in urban areas. In: Massing H et al (eds) Hydrological processes and water management in urban areas. Publication 198. International Association of Hydrological Sciences, Wallingford, pp\u00a059\u201365"},{"key":"302_CR52","first-page":"362","volume-title":"Hydrological processes and water management in urban areas","author":"H Massing","year":"1990","unstructured":"Massing H, Packman J, Zuidema FC (1990) Hydrological processes and water management in urban areas. vol 198. IAHS Press, Institute of Hydrology, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, p 362"},{"key":"302_CR53","volume-title":"Understanding the analytic hierarchy process. SpringerBriefs in operations research","author":"E Mu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mu E, Pereyra-Rojas M (2017) Understanding the analytic hierarchy process. SpringerBriefs in operations research. Springer International Publishing, Cham"},{"key":"302_CR54","volume-title":"Soil and rock description in engineering practice","author":"D Norbury","year":"2016","unstructured":"Norbury D (2016) Soil and rock description in engineering practice, 2nd Revised edn. Whittles publishing, Dunbeath","edition":"2"},{"issue":"3","key":"302_CR55","first-page":"1","volume":"5","author":"S Pani","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pani S, Chakrabarty A, Bhadury S (2016) Groundwater potential zone identification by analytical hierarchy process (AHP) weighted overlay in GIS environment: a case study of Jhargram block, Paschim Medinipur. Int J Remote Sens Geosci 5(3):1\u201310","journal-title":"Int J Remote Sens Geosci"},{"key":"302_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9781420082142","volume-title":"GIS cartography: a guide to effective map design","author":"GN Peterson","year":"2009","unstructured":"Peterson GN (2009) GIS cartography: a guide to effective map design. CRC Press, Taylor Francis Group, Boca Raton"},{"key":"302_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.3390\/w8120595","volume":"8","author":"K Rathnayaka","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rathnayaka K, Malano H, Arora M (2016) Assessment of sustainability of urban water supply and demand management options: a comprehensive approach. Water 8:595","journal-title":"Water"},{"issue":"1","key":"302_CR58","first-page":"83","volume":"1","author":"TL Saaty","year":"2008","unstructured":"Saaty TL (2008) Decision making with the analytic hierarchy process. Int J Serv Sci 1(1):83\u201398","journal-title":"Int J Serv Sci"},{"key":"302_CR59","volume-title":"Decision making for leaders: the analytic hierarchy process for decisions in a complex world","author":"TL Saaty","year":"2012","unstructured":"Saaty TL (2012) Decision making for leaders: the analytic hierarchy process for decisions in a complex world, 3rd revised edn. RWS Publications, Pittsburgh","edition":"3"},{"issue":"11","key":"302_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1188","DOI":"10.1080\/10106049.2016.1195888","volume":"32","author":"S Sahoo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sahoo S, Dhar A, Kar A, Ram P (2016) Grey analytic hierarchy process applied to effectiveness evaluation for groundwater potential zone delineation. Geocarto Int 32(11):1188\u20131205","journal-title":"Geocarto Int"},{"key":"302_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-90-481-2417-6_1","volume-title":"Water circulation in rocks","author":"L Scesi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Scesi L, Gattinoni P (2009) Water circulation in rocks. Springer, Dordrecht"},{"key":"302_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.advwatres.2012.06.015","volume":"51","author":"M Schirmer","year":"2013","unstructured":"Schirmer M, Leschik S, Musolff A (2013) Current research in urban hydrogeology: a review. Adv Water Resour 51:280\u2013291","journal-title":"Adv Water Resour"},{"key":"302_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1007\/s10040-012-0947-y","volume":"21","author":"E \u015eener","year":"2013","unstructured":"\u015eener E, Davraz A (2013) Assessment of groundwater vulnerability based on a modified DRASTIC model, GIS and an analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method: the case of Egirdir Lake basin (Isparta, Turkey). Hydrogeol J 21:701\u2013714","journal-title":"Hydrogeol J"},{"issue":"12","key":"302_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8405","DOI":"10.1007\/s12665-014-4001-3","volume":"73","author":"E \u015eener","year":"2015","unstructured":"\u015eener E, \u015eener S (2015) Evaluation of groundwater vulnerability to pollution using fuzzy analytic hierarchy process method. Environ Earth Sci 73(12):8405\u20138424","journal-title":"Environ Earth Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"302_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1007\/s10040-004-0378-5","volume":"13","author":"E \u015eener","year":"2005","unstructured":"\u015eener E, Davraz A, Ozcelik M (2005) An integration of GIS and remote sensing in groundwater investigations: a case study in Burdur, Turkey. Hydrogeol J 13(5):826\u2013834","journal-title":"Hydrogeol J"},{"key":"302_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1007\/s12517-018-3510-x","volume":"11","author":"E \u015eener","year":"2018","unstructured":"\u015eener E, \u015eener \u015e, Davraz A (2018) Groundwater potential mapping by combining fuzzy-analytic hierarchy process and GIS in Bey\u015fehir Lake Basin, Turkey. Arab J Geosci 11:187","journal-title":"Arab J Geosci"},{"key":"302_CR67","first-page":"051","volume":"01008","author":"JM Sharp","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sharp JM (2010) The impacts of urbanization on groundwater systems and recharge. Aqua Mundi 01008:051\u2013056","journal-title":"Aqua Mundi"},{"key":"302_CR68","first-page":"4","volume-title":"New approaches characterizing groundwater flow, XXXI IAH congress, supplement volume","author":"JM Sharp","year":"2001","unstructured":"Sharp JM, Hansen JM, Krothe JN (2001) Effects of urbanization on hydrogeological systems: the physical effects of utility trenches. In: Seiler KP, Wohnlich S (eds) New approaches characterizing groundwater flow, XXXI IAH congress, supplement volume. International Association of Hydrogeologists, Munich, 4 p"},{"key":"302_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4135\/9781446201053.n8","volume-title":"Geomorphological mapping: methods and applications. Developments in earth surface processes 15","author":"M Smith","year":"2011","unstructured":"Smith M, Paron P, Griffiths J (2011) Geomorphological mapping: methods and applications. Developments in earth surface processes 15. Elsevier, Oxford"},{"issue":"2","key":"302_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1080\/17445647.2013.776506","volume":"9","author":"J Teixeira","year":"2013","unstructured":"Teixeira J, Chamin\u00e9 HI, Carvalho JM, P\u00e9rez-Alberti A, Rocha F (2013) Hydrogeomorphological mapping as a tool in groundwater exploration. J Maps 9(2):263\u2013273","journal-title":"J Maps"},{"key":"302_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2699","DOI":"10.1007\/s12665-014-3602-1","volume":"73","author":"J Teixeira","year":"2015","unstructured":"Teixeira J, Chamin\u00e9 HI, Espinha Marques J, Carvalho JM, Pereira AJ, Carvalho MR, Fonseca PE, P\u00e9rez-Alberti A, Rocha F (2015) A comprehensive analysis of groundwater resources using GIS and multicriteria tools (Caldas da Cavaca, Central Portugal): environmental issues. Environ Earth Sci 73:2699\u20132715","journal-title":"Environ Earth Sci"},{"key":"302_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1007\/s10040-004-0360-2","volume":"13","author":"E V\u00e1zquez-Su\u00f1\u00e9","year":"2005","unstructured":"V\u00e1zquez-Su\u00f1\u00e9 E, S\u00e1nchez-Vila X, Carrera J (2005) Introductory review of specific factors influencing urban groundwater, an emerging branch of hydrogeology, with reference to Barcelona, Spain. Hydrogeol J 13:522\u2013533","journal-title":"Hydrogeol J"},{"issue":"4","key":"302_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.2113\/gseegeosci.14.4.251","volume":"14","author":"TJ Wiles","year":"2008","unstructured":"Wiles TJ, Sharp JM (2008) The secondary permeability of impervious cover. Environ Eng Geosci 14(4):251\u2013265","journal-title":"Environ Eng Geosci"},{"key":"302_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1007\/s00254-008-1504-9","volume":"58","author":"H-F Yeh","year":"2009","unstructured":"Yeh H-F, Lee C-H, Hsu K-C, Chang P-H (2009) GIS for the assessment of the groundwater recharge potential zone. Environ Geol 58:185\u2013195","journal-title":"Environ Geol"}],"container-title":["Sustainable Water Resources Management"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40899-019-00302-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40899-019-00302-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s40899-019-00302-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,13]],"date-time":"2023-09-13T20:39:18Z","timestamp":1694637558000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s40899-019-00302-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,21]]},"references-count":74,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]}},"alternative-id":["302"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40899-019-00302-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["2363-5037","2363-5045"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2363-5037","type":"print"},{"value":"2363-5045","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"6 February 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 February 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 February 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}